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P4: Explain two theories of ageing (use examples to fully explain what each of the theories are.)
This work I am going to be doing is explaining two theories which are disengagement and activity theory.
Disengagement theory: This is a theory that in most societies elderly people go through a process of adjustment. They reduce their social time with their family and friends and vice versa. This theory was formed by Cumming and Henry, because according to them “ageing is an inevitable, mutual withdrawal or disengagement, resulting in decreased interaction between the aging person and others in the social system he belongs to”. Disengagement tends to be required rather than voluntary. It was said that disengagement was popular and this was believed that it explained how people prepared for death at times. They have reduced health and social opportunities.
Activity theory: It was proposed in 1972 by Lemon, Bengtson & Peterson. Activity theory challenges that staying mentally and physically active keeps old adults happy and stops disengagement from going to far. It was Bromley that said ‘It is not sufficient merely to provide facilities for elderly people. They need to be educated to make use of them and encouraged to abandon apathetic attitudes and fixed habits.’ If there was too much disengagement then this would lead to lack of progress and defeat of mental and physical skills. Old people need to stay to a certain degree engaged in social activity so they avoid becoming completely isolated from today’s society.

M2: Discuss two major theories of ageing in relation to the development of the individual

| Morning | Afternoon | Evening | Monday | BreakfastWalk the dog | Cook lunch | Watch TVGo to bed | Tuesday | Spring cleaning | Gardening Walk the dog | Read a bookGo to bed | Wednesday | Watch TV | Swimming | Bingo | Thursday | Cake bakingRead a

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