...Running head: Hearing and Visual Hearing and Visual Impairment Bonnie J. Hatch Grand Canyon University SPE 526 May 19, 2010 Abstract The abstract of this essay will include information on hearing and visual impairments. It will explain the legal definition of both, the impact that hearing and visual impairment have on a person’s development and education achievement, how humans hear and see and the degrees, types and causes of each. The essay will also go into detailed by supplying a lesson plan which will include the objectives/goals, accommodations/modifications, strategies, assessments, activities as well as including brief description of the student by submitting the student’s age, grade, disability strength, and weaknesses. Hearing and Visual Impairments Hearing is a complex process of changing sound waves into the neural signals which can be translated by the brain into sounds. Within the inner ear is the Cochlea, which changes sound waves into neutral signals. The signals are sent to the brain through the auditory nerve. Where the visual impairment is also a complex process, light enters the eye through the pupil and is collected by photoreceptor neurons in the retina. Signals are then sent to a neuron network that then generates electrical impulses which goes to the brain. The legal definition of a hearing impairment is “a full or partial decrease in the ability to detect or understand sounds. It can range from a mild hearing loss to total deafness”...
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...Sensory Impairments Devices and Practices for Sensory Impairments Every child, regardless of whether they have disabilities should receive a quality education. Those children with sensory impairments such as blindness or deafness should not be excluded from others as their impairments can be facilitated with the ever evolving technology and devices that are currently available to help those with these impairments. These devices are able to aid those with visual or hearing impairments and contribute to providing them with the quality education they deserve. They provide children with these challenges with a way for them to better participate in activities and lessons in ways to help keep them on the same level of understanding as other children who do not have these challenges. Two specific devices that help children with hearing and visual impairments are hearing aids and visual aids. Hearing aids have been around for a very long time and are commonly used by both children and adults who experience hearing difficulties or deafness. As technology evolves, hearing aids are less bulky, more comfortable, and simpler to use than older models. A hearing aid provides the wearer with the ability to amplify sound and are equip with volume control and are powered by batteries. A hearing aid is offered to those who have been examined by an audiologist and it is found that hearing impairments are present. The audiologist will then determine which type of hearing aid...
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...impact of visual and hearing impairments on student’s academic achievement to teachers and other educators. Having knowledge of these impairments allows the teacher to better serve students with these impairments in the classroom. Hearing and Visual Impairments Hearing and visual impairments have a major impact on a person’s development and academic achievement. Hearing and seeing are critical to speech and language development, communication, and learning. The earlier in a person’s life that they develop or have these impairments, the more serious the development of the person will be effected. In the same manner, the earlier that the problem is identified and intervention begun, the less serious the impact on that person’s development may be (American Speech Language Hearing Association, 2011). Hearing Impairments Hearing impairments are defined as the decreased ability to hear and differentiate sounds. This can range from mild hearing loss to total deafness (March of Dimes, 2010). Humans are able to hear sounds through the brains relationship with the ear. The outer ear absorbs sound waves that travel through the eardrum. These sound waves are then transferred to the middle ear before entering the cochlea. The cochlea is the main receptor organ for hearing and works with inner ear canals that assist with balance to hear and register sounds to the brain. Before an educator can differentiate or modify lesson plans they must first understand the basics of the impairment. The...
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...Children with hearing and vision impairments can be first observed in the sensorimotor stage of development. Children with vision impairment are commonly observed failing to reach for an object. Hooper and Umansky (2014) suggest that reaching for or obtaining an object that makes sound does not occur until the second year for children with vision impairments (Hooper and Umansky, 2014). For children...
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...diseases suffered by some students. Definition of Terms Obesity An obese person has accumulated so much body fat that it might have a negative effect on their health. If a person's bodyweight is at least 20% higher than it should be, he or she is considered obese. If your Body Mass Index (BMI) is between 25 and 29.9 you are considered overweight. If your BMI is 30 or over you are considered obese. Autism Autism is a disorder of neural development characterized by impaired social interaction and communication, and by restricted and repetitive behavior. Autism affects information processing in the brain by altering how nerve cells and their synapses connect and organize; how this occurs is not well understood. Visual Impairment The term ‘visual impairment’ refers to people with irretrievable sight loss and this simple definition covers a wide spectrum of different...
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...educational resource that I chose was a video though Kahn academy. I chose this because not only do the students watch a video about third grade math they have to work a few math problems. This educational resource is appropriate for most of the student population. The video is for third grade math so that makes it appropriate for early childhood. The video gives gradual instructions with visual aids, which can help students who have learning disabilities. The videos on Kahn academy are appropriate for gifted and talented students because the video is based on what the students is learning and what they know. This video is appropriate for students who have challenging behaviors because the video is active and can keep a students interest. The video is appropriate for English language learners because on the website you can choose a variety of languages to hear it in. The video on third grade math warm ups is not appropriate for students with hearing impairments because it does not have closed captioning as an option. The video was not appropriate for students with visual impairments because the video shows different math activities in step-by-step instructions. If a student cannot visually see the steps, I am not sure that the video will help them. Overall, I think that the Kahn academy video would be appropriate for most of the students. The second educational resource that I chose was the Scholastic website as a multi media file. This site has...
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...social interaction, and uncontrollable repetitive behaviors. All of these can have different degrees of severity. Symptoms tend to emerge between the ages of two or three 1 in 68 American children are on the autism spectrum Autism is associated with intellectual disability, issues with motor coordination and attention Other characteristics often associated with autism are: resistance to environmental change and / or change in daily routine unusual responses to sensory experiences In some cases, those with autism excel in math, art, and music Deaf-Blindness Deaf and blindness are impairments in hearing or an impairment of sight. It can also be a combination of the two. This impairment often restricts access to communication, the environment, and people. Both can be caused by birth defects, disease, and injury Both can create difficulties in communication With either impairment, students have the ability to excel in many subjects Developmental Delay Developmental delay is a condition of a child being less developed mentally and / or physically than is considered normal for its age. Often called “developmental milestones” Can be caused by genetics, complications of pregnancy and birth, and environmental issues Often observed with children who are born premature There are five developmental areas evaluated: Cognitive development, Physical development, Communication development, Social or emotional development, Adaptive behavior or skills development Emotional...
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...Question 1 WHAT IS INCLUSIVE EDUCATION? - We accept ordinary learners as well as disabled learners, learners with behavioural problems and learners with learning difficulties. - All children, regardless of their differences should have the opportunity to learn with and from each other and that all need some form of support in learning - We attempt to change attitudes, behaviour, teaching methods curricula and environments to meet the needs of all children - Inclusive education is broader as it includes the home, the community and other opportunities for education outside of schools - It is a dynamic process which is constantly evolving according to local cultures and contexts and is part of the wider strategy to promote an inclusive society WHAT TYPES OF ADAPTIONS ARE NECESSARY TO REMOVE BARRIERS TO LEARNING AND TO MAKE IT POSSIBLE FOR ALL LEARNERS TO PARTICIPATE? - The classroom and school environment – making changes in the classroom and in the school building and environment that could make it easier for the learners to come to school and to learn and also by using assistive aids that may be needed - The learner – find out how the barriers to learning of the learners in your class affect their learning – find out from specialists and experts what you can do - School subjects – make changes to subjects you teach in terms of level and expected outcomes including the level at which you teach the subject to the learners as well as the range of subjects - Teaching...
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...Nursing 122 Fundamentals of Neuro-Sensory nursing --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- Review major structures and functions of both central and peripheral nervous system. (Carolyn Jarvis, Physical Examination and Health Assessment, 3rd ed., pages 688-692 Structure and function of the CNS and PNS --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- --- Potter and Perry, Fundamentals of nursing (8th), Chapter 16 p. 210-211 Types of Data --There are two primary sources of data: subjective and objective. Subjective data are your patients’ verbal descriptions of their health problems. Only patients provide subjective data. For example, Mr. Jacobs's report of incision pain and his expression of concern about whether the pain means that he will not be able to go home as soon as he hoped are subjective findings. Subjective data usually include feelings, perceptions, and self-report of symptoms. Only patients provide subjective data relevant to their health condition. The data sometimes reflect physiological changes, which you further explore through objective data collection. --Objective data are observations or measurements...
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...emphasis on human dignity. In the mid-1500s Pedro Ponce de León succeeded in teaching deaf pupils in Spain to speak, read, and write; it is assumed that his methods were followed by Juan Pablo Bonet, who in 1620 published the first book on the subject. This gave rise to a wider European interest in the education of deaf individuals. In 17th-century England John Bulwer published an account of his experiences teaching deaf persons to speak and lip-read, and in France similar work was carried on by Charles-Michel, abbé de l’Epée (1712–89), who changed the nature of communication for deaf and hard-of-hearing individuals by developing the natural sign language they used into a systematic and conventional language for more universal use. His work was developed by Roch-Ambroise Cucurron, Abbé Sicard, and gave rise to the manual system, or silent method, of teaching people with hearing impairments. In Germany Samuel Heinicke experimented with training deaf children to speak, and in the 19th century Friedrich Moritz Hill (1805–74), a leading educator of the deaf, developed this method in relation to the concept that education must relate to the “here and now” of the child—known as the “natural method.” Thus arose the oral method of instruction that in time became an accepted practice throughout the world. No serious attempt was made to educate or to train persons with...
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...above) to such an extent that they require an individualized program of special education and related services to fully benefit from education. The term exceptional children according to Heward, W. L. (2006 ) includes children who experience difficulties in learning as well as those whose performance is so superior that modifications in curriculum and instruction are necessary to help them fulfill their potential. Thus, exceptional children is an inclusive term that refers to children with learning and/or behavior problems, children with physical disabilities or sensory impairments, and children who are intellectually gifted or have a special talent. Although the terms impairment, disability, and handicap are sometimes used interchangeably, they are not synonymous. Impairment refers to the loss or reduced function of a particular body part or organ (e.g., a missing limb). A disability exists when an impairment limits a person’s ability to perform certain tasks (e.g., walk, see, add a row of numbers) in the same way that most persons do. A person with a disability is not handicapped, however, unless the disability leads to educational, personal, social, vocational, or other problems. For example, if a child who has lost a leg...
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...diagnose, measure and rehabilitate hearing impairments. Audiometer: an instrument for gauging and recording acuity of hearing Cochlea: a spiral-shaped cavity forming a division of the internal ear in humans and in most other mammals. Communication: the act or process of communicating; fact of being communicated Conductive: having the property or capability of conducting Deaf: partially or wholly lacking or deprived of the sense of hearing; unable to hear Disability: a physical or mental handicap, especially one that prevents a person from living a full, normal life or from holding a gainful job. Ear Canal: the narrow, tube like passage through which sound enters the ear. Hearing Impairment: a reduction or defect in the ability to perceive sound. Hearing Aid: a compact electronic amplifier worn to improve one’s hearing, usually placed in or behind the ear. Mild Deafness: mild hearing loss is typically classified as a hearing loss of around 26 to 45 decibels. Moderate Deafness: people with moderate deafness have some difficulty in following speech in most settings, but can generally. Meningitis: the inflammation of the meninges around the brain and spinal cord is called as meningitis. It leads to swelling around the brain and spinal cord, leading to headache, stiff neck and fever. Neural: of or pertaining to a nerve or the nervous system Otitis Externa: inflammation of the external ear. Profound Hearing: 80 or Db or more difficulty hearing and understanding, even with...
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...At Risk Identification Introduction: The image of the child with disability in India is many faceted. The perception, who is “disabled” and “who has the disability”, is influenced by the social context that the child lives in, and not necessarily by the nature and degree of child’s impairment. A child with a mild form of disability may face exclusion in her contact, while another one with severe form of disability may experience no discrimination. The reasons for such variability in response to disability, understandably, lie in the social, cultural, religious, economic, and demographic heterogeneity of the Indian society. Factors affecting child’s development. Child’s development is affected by three subsystems, which forms the crux of child’s environment. 1) Physical and Social setting in child’s daily life i.e. physical context and people who interact with the child in that setting. The Indian child is never alone when young. The child is usually in close physical contact with the mother, sibling, or other kin. 2) Customs of childcare & socialization- All communities and culturally distinct subgroups have fairly well understood set of customs and practices regarding childcare. The child with disability receives parental care underscored by these customs, the specifics being guided by caste, social class, and ethnicity. 3) Parental beliefs of behaviour expected of children i.e. familial & community experience in socialization of children. It is important...
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...can also be attached. | SMS | This is also an electronic method that is used to communicate through text messaging by phone. * This may be an advantage for an audience with memory difficulties because it can be seen more than once. * This is because the message can be used as a reminder because the text message can be quickly and easily restored. * And some phones have the ability to remind people of events or things such as. * Also may be suitable for people with hearing difficulties. | Presentation | This has many audience which includes people with visual and hearing difficulties. It is explained by giving brief information to its audience * This is effective because images can also be used to help transmit messages to people who don’t speak English properly or don’t understand it properly. * For those also that has visual impairments subtitles may be useful to help transmit messages. Also audios that link to the business topic. * Or sign language can be used for people with hearing difficulties. Also the presentation may involve distractions which can be useful for people who have low attention span. | Video Conferencing | This is a technique businesses use to communicate for conferences. This is the one of the...
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...mobility, visual, or hearing impairments; speech impairments; chronic illnesses such as AIDS, diabetes, and lupus; seizure disorders; head injuries; painful conditions such as back injuries and carpal tunnel syndrome; psychological disabilities such as bipolar disorder and severe anxiety or depression; attention deficit disorder; and learning disabilities. Whether they are disabled or not, every child has the right to be educated and it is the duty of the society to make sure that every student has access to equal educational opportunities, and the duty of teachers to ensure that every student participate actively and freely in class. More important it is the teachers’ duty to meet the needs of disabled learners in their classrooms. Even if studying the needs of all the students who suffer from the disabilities listed above would have been great, in this learning reflection the focus will only be on the blind, deaf and epileptic disabled students and how their needs should be met in high education Brief definition of epilepsy, deafness and blindness disabilities Epilepsy: Gretchen Timmel (2006) defined it as a neurological condition, which affects the nervous system. Epilepsy is also known as a seizure disorder. It is usually diagnosed after a person has had at least two seizures that were not caused by some known medical condition like alcohol withdrawal, extremely low blood sugar, heart problems or some other medical condition. Deafness: is the inability of hearing sounds...
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