...Heart failure (HF) is one of the most common manifestations of heart disease. In the US, the lifetime risk of developing HF at age 40 is one in five for both men and women, and continues at this level through the age of 80, despite the reduction in life expectancy.{Roger, 2012 #1789} Chronic HF in particular has increased in prevalence, even as control of other common cardiovascular syndromes, such as myocardial infarction (MI), has improved in recent years.{McCullough, 2002 #1851;Roger, 2012 #1789} HF is a disease of the elderly, affecting 10% of men and 8% of women above the age of 60 years, and its prevalence rises with age.{Roger, 2012 #1789} Given the expected aging of the population, if the incidence of new HF cases continues to increase...
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...Heart failure occurs when cardiac output is insufficient to effectively perfuse the tissues, despite normal filling of the heart. Usually causes include hypertension, cardiomyopathy, and coronary heart disease. In heart failure, the increase in the resistance against which the heart pumps (afterload) further depresses cardiac output. A reduced renal blood flow induces renin secretion and increased plasma aldosterone and angiotensin concentrations. Water and sodium retention increases blood volume causing central venous pressure to increase. These changes overall first help to maintain cardiac output however in the long term they eventually cause morbidity and mortality (BOOK). Treatment of heart failure begins with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and as severity increases a diuretic is added which supports the excretion of sodium and water (book). In very severe heart failure, the addition of β-blocker further decreases mortality in patients on ACE inhibitors and diuretics. Valsartan/ Sacubitril is a combination drug approved for use in heart failure. It has a brand name of Entresto and is also previously known as LCZ696....
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...Introduction Heart failure is a condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood through the body. When this happens, parts of the body do not get the blood and oxygen needed for them to function properly. This can cause symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, and confusion. There is no cure for heart failure. However, following your health care provider's instructions about a healthy lifestyle and being treated with medicines can help you stay active and live longer. The types of medicine you are prescribed will depend on your symptoms and what is causing the heart failure. In some cases, you may need to take more than one medicine. It is important to talk to your health care provider about all the medicines you are taking, how...
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...As we all know the heart is the most important organ of the body. The heart does many amazing things through its four chambers and two ventricles. The most important functions the heart does is pumping blood and oxygen through our body. Those two functions are what keeps us alive and breathing. A person's most important goal should be to remain healthy in order to avoid any type of health issues. However, most people don't really realize the health issues that can occur in your heart when your health is not up to par. One of the most common health issues regarding the heart is congestive heart failure. This health issue occurs when the right ventricle has difficulty pumping blood to your lungs. When a ventricle has difficulty pumping, the blood backs up in your blood vessels causing fluid retention in lower extremities, abdomen, lungs, and kidneys. It is possible to have left-sided and right-sided congestive heart failure at the same time. CHF can be deadly if the main cause of the disease is not treated. Symptoms of congestive heart failure can be excess urination at night, chest pains, shortness of breath, swollen feet or legs, bloating, palpitations, Persistent coughing, or fatigue....
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...Robert great summarization post of congestive heart failure, my grandfather had congestive heart failure so I know first hand the effects it has on a person’s life. I thought it was very interesting that you pointed out one the first symptoms being not able to exercise without experiencing discomfort because not many individuals think of that as being a symptom they go to the go to symptoms like shortness of breath, coughing, and fatigue. In the beginning, before my grandfather was diagnosed with congestive heart failure he experienced difficulties lying down flat. Lying down flat causes parts of the lung to be in a more ¬¬¬dependent position. Another symptom to keep in mind for an individual with congestive heart failure is waking up with severe shortness of breath, and immediately needing to sit up to get their breath, and this is known as “paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea”. The reason why there is a fluid build is when the heart’s output decreases; the body tries to compensate for it by releasing hormones that make the heart beat faster and stronger. This reflex though is only a short-term gain, and in the long run it really damages the heart’s function. The kidneys also sense the heart’s decrease in blood output, and they release hormones into the body, which cause sodium and...
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...Running head: ROY’S ADAPTATION MODEL Nursing theory is an organized framework of concepts that are designed to guide nursing practice and provide a foundation for clinical decision-making. There are many different types of nursing theories. This present paper will focus on one of the Grand theories, the Roy Adaptation model (RAM). The paper is divided into four main sections focusing on the importance of the RAM; summary of key concepts; view of RAM on specialization; and conclusion. There has been an evolution of nursing practice from when Florence Nightingale started. Nurses used to take direct medical direction to an evolution of independence. Today, advanced practice nurses are PHD, DNP, researchers, nurse practitioners, leadership positions in health care organizations, and education . The independence of the nursing profession has occurred in part due to an evolution of nursing theories. The importance of the nursing theories is that they provide framework for nursing practice. There are more than thirty different theorists who have helped contribute to the process. Broadly, these thirty theories can be divided into three major categories Grand theory, Middle theory, and practice. The present paper focuses on the Roy Adaptation Model (RAM) of the Grand Theory. This was chosen as it approaches the care of the patient using a scientific and holistic approach, which aligns with my personal practice as a nurse and belief system. Initially, this model was considered...
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...Prevention of Hospital Readmissions Related to Symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure NRS 441V Professional Capstone March 1, 2014 Abstract Providing patients diagnosed with Congestive Heart Failure effective teaching can eliminate reoccurring hospitalizations. Patients are discharged with CHF and readmitted within 30 days. The information provided will examine the process of enhancing patient knowledge and provide additional resources essential for effective health care management. Research evidence provides data that proves patients who are diagnosed with CHF needs a variety of health care needs during admission and after discharge. The proposal will display an evaluation plan, implementation plan and a dissemination of the evidence. Provide at least 1 evidence based literature; for at least 1 evidence based solution. Keywords: congestive heart failure, therapy, education, patient outcomes Description of the Problem Prevention of Hospital Readmissions Related to Symptoms of Congestive Heart Failure Health care providers must ensure skills, knowledge and teaching is effective when providing care to their patients and families about symptoms of CHF. The length of stay for an average hospital visit can be two days however, for more chronic issues warrant an even longer stay. To avoid readmission of the disease processes of CHF warrants additional care and resources during and after discharge. . Some patients cannot follow up with their primary care physician because...
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...Critique of “Correlates of Fatigue in Patients With Heart Failure” Galen College Transitions/NUR 240 January 4, 2010 The topic of this article is to determine correlates of fatigue in patients with heart failure. The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of fatigue and distinguish its demographic, clinical and psychological correlates in patients suffering from heart failure. These findings could possibly lead to ways to better treat patients living with HF. Healthcare workers could benefit greatly from the data gathered to better understand the needs of the aforementioned patients and focus their interventions to accommodate their needs. No review of literature is included in this research paper. The study was conducted by six scholars with advanced degrees. Two of the researchers hold PhDs and two other hold DSNc degrees, which are professional level research degrees in Nursing. The Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Nursing is considered a more academic degree and prepares those who have attained the it for both research and teaching positions. In this study, a cross-sectional correlation design method was used. This type of research study uses a small group of individuals to represent a whole population. It is often used in making healthcare decisions and imperative that only current information...
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...The Effect of Telemonitoring in CHF patients Evidence Based Practice Project Sacred Heart University The Effect of Telemonitoring in CHF Patients Evidence Based Practice Project Question (PICOT) Question: In elderly individuals over the age of 65, does the use of a mobile phone-based medication adherence application, compared to a mobile phone texting reminder, increase medication compliance by 25%, within 12 weeks of implementing the program? Evidence Appraisal Matrix Source (APA) | Type of Study design (RCT, phenomenology, etc.)/Purpose | Level of Evidence(According toMelnyk & Fineout-Overholt) | Sample, settingInclusion/ExclusionCriteria | Methods, instruments, data analysis | Findings/Implications | Inglis, S. C. (2011). Structured telephone support or telemonitoring programmes for patients with chronic heart failure. Cochrane Database Of Systematic Reviews, (6), doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007228.pub2 | Systematic Review | Level I | Twenty-five studies and five published abstracts were included. 16 evaluated structured telephone support, 11 evaluated telemonitoring, and two tested both interventions. Inclusion criteria:only peer reviewed, published RCTs comparing structured telephone support or telemonitoring to usual care of CHF patients were included. | Various search engines such as: MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and AMED were searched from 2006 to November 2008.Relevant studies and systematic reviews and abstract conference proceedings were hand searched. No...
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...Analysis and Synthesis of Chronic Heart Failure Research Studie Analysis and Synthesis of Chronic Heart Failure Research Studies Background Chronic heart failure (CHF) is a disease characterized by high mortality, readmission rates and a marked decrease in health-related quality of life. Psychological distress is common in patients with CHF and different psychological variables may have an impact on the prognosis in chronic heart failure patients. Chronic heart failure patients also need to be involved in their plan of health care in order to be able to manage their own disease at home. However, patients’ perspective on the role of their informal carers regarding information management process revealed how much they depend on their knowledge and support. The studies that I have chosen to compare and contrast in this paper will shed light onto both of these subjects in regard to chronic heart failure patients as well as inform about the various studies that pinpoint relevant data in regards to CHF. These studies are important because they help medical professionals in regard to providing the highest level of care to their CHF patients. Quantitative Research Study Introduction For the quantitative research study in this analysis, I examined the journal article entitled Predictors of readmission and health related quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure: a comparison of different psychosocial aspects. This research study’s purpose was to “investigate...
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...Technology Plan Paper Akosua Adjei Sentara College of Health Sciences Technology Plan Paper Introduction As remote monitoring of patients gradually more becomes a vital part of our health care delivery system globally, and patients become more comfortable to its ease, hospitals, health systems, insurance providers, and clinicians will have to seek out new ways to use the fast developing technology in diverse and modern ways. While telemonitoring technology is gaining interest as a plan to improve the care of patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes, asthma, heart failure; they frequently also raise their own different set of legal and compliance challenges, particularly in the area of privacy and security. This paper will analyze needs and recommend ways in creating a remote monitoring program for patients with heart failure with information to how to implement it throughout the organization. What is Telemonitoring? Key information technology application domains in health care include telemedicine and home telecare. On the one hand, telemedicine is defined as the direct provision of clinical care, including diagnosing, treating, or consultation, via telecommunications for a patient at a distant (Wainwright &Wootton, 2003). Remote monitoring, or telemonitoring, can be regarded as a subdivision of telemedicine, which is the use of electronic and telecommunications technologies to provide and support health care when distance separates the participants (Nangalia...
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...Stem cell research is one that is widely debated amongst various religions, cultures, and political groups. The question as to when life actually begins is the epicenter of this worldwide quarrel, and may not be settled for some time. Although this may be true, one fact that cannot be denied is that stem cell research has led to many life saving discoveries in various sectors of scientific research. In regards to the ethical dilemma of stem cells, recent developments in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have made it possible to explore the applications of stem cells while avoiding the ethical problems associated with embryonic stem cell research (Seki & Fekuda, 2015). One intriguing area in stem cell research is the potential applications for them in the treatment of cardiac diseases. Studies have explored the potential uses for stem cells for the treatment of heart disease (Yamakawa & Ieda, 2015). Additionally, stem cells have been explored for the treatment of heart failure and myocardial infarction (Rasmussen, et al., 2013). Stem cells and how they may be used for the treatment of various cardiac diseases is an exciting topic and has the potential to change future approaches to the treatment. This paper will examine the applications and significance of stem cells in relation to these common cardiac pathologies. Heart disease is one of the leading causes of death in developed countries and currently there are few effective treatment options available (Yamakawa & Ieda...
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...The magnitude of Heart Disease in the United States Name: Institutional Affiliation The magnitude of Heart Disease in the United States Heart disease refers to a range of conditions impacting the heart (MFMER, 2018). In the US, the most prevalent form of heart disease is coronary heart disease. This disease interferes with the flow of blood to the heart. A reduction in the flow of blood results in a heart attack (CCD, 2015). There are also other diseases under the umbrella of heart disease including arrhythmias and congenital heart defects. In most cases, heart disease as a term is used interchangeably with cardiovascular disease (MFMER, 2018). However, it must be emphasized that cardiovascular disease basically describes...
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...Running head: FAILURE TO RESCUE Failure to Rescue Barbara Combes Breckenridge School of Nursing ITT Technical Institute July 15, 2014 FAILURE TO RESCUE Abstract This paper describes failure to rescue (FTR), according to recent studies. Failure to rescue is discussed in terms of importance to nursing. The paper speculates on how knowing about failure to rescue may help in the nursing course studies and critical thinking skills. FAILURE TO RESCUE Introduction According to a 2007 article in Med Care, use of failure to rescue as an indicator of hospital quality and patient safety has increased over the past decade. Researchers have used different sets of complications and deaths to define this measure. (Silber JH, Romano PS, Rosen AK, Wang Y, Even-Shoshan O, Volpp KG, 2007). This paper gives a description of failure to rescue, discusses the importance to nursing and nursing students, in regards to course studies and critical thinking skills. References for this paper are research studies that used the “original” FTR (using all deaths) description. Description Failure to Rescue is generally defined as the inability to save a hospitalized patient’s life when he/she experiences a complication. A complication is a condition that is not present on admission, such as cardiopulmonary arrest/shock, pneumonia, upper GI bleed, venous thromboembolism (VTE), and sepsis. Failure to rescue does not necessarily imply wrong doing. (Silber, JH, 2007) Importance to Nursing ...
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...Research Paper The human heart is a very vital, interesting, and complex organ. It continuously pumps blood through the body for the entire life. It’s made of muscle and is very strong and yet at the same time, can be very vulnerable to disease. The heart is a very important organ. What's so unusual about it is that it is that it never gets tired. There are four parts of the heart, right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, and the left ventricle. Oxygen-poor blood flows from the body and to the right atrium. Blood flows through the right atrium and into the right ventricle. The right ventricle pumps blood to the lungs where the blood releases waste like carbon dioxide and picks up oxygen. The newly oxygen-rich blood returns to the heart and enters the left atrium. Then the blood flows through the left atrium and into the left ventricle. The left ventricle pumps the oxygen-rich blood to all parts of the body. The heart truly works in an amazing way by pumping blood through the circulatory system which is made up of blood vessels. Blood vessels are like bend-e straws except a stronger tube. Blood vessels carry blood to all the parts of the body. Blood carries fresh oxygen from the lungs and nutrients to the body’s tissues, it also takes the body’s waste products, including carbon dioxide away from the tissues. It’s necessary to sustain life and promote the health of all parts of the body. Arteries begin at the aorta, a large artery leaving the heart. Arteries carry oxygen-rich...
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