...works on better tests for cattle TB Author(s): Krissa Welshans Source: Feedstuffs. 85.38 (Sept. 16, 2013): p16. From General OneFile. Document Type: Article Copyright : COPYRIGHT 2013 Miller Publishing Company, Inc. Full Text: IMPROVING tests and vaccination methods is one strategy U.S. Department of Agriculture scientists are using to overcome obstacles that prevent the eradication of bovine tuberculosis (TB) in cattle worldwide. Scientists at the Agricultural Research Service (ARS) National Animal Disease Center in Ames, Iowa, are developing new methods to prevent and control TB in cattle and white-tailed deer. Veterinary medical officers Ray Waters and Mitch Palmer and microbiologist Tyler Thacker are collaborating with international groups, other U.S. government agencies, the cattle industry and private companies to combat TB. They are developing better tests to help producers identify and remove TB-infected cattle from herds and keep healthy animals. Widespread pasteurization of milk, development of a diagnostic tuberculin skin test for cattle and establishment of a USDA eradication program have significantly helped decrease the incidence of bovine TB in humans in the U.S. While the tuberculin skin test for cattle has helped eradication efforts, it does have drawbacks. "The test is not sensitive enough and requires a 72-hour waiting period for results," Palmer said. "It's very difficult to test a herd of 100 cows and say that this one has TB and this...
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...Objective selection criteria and mating strategy of indigenous Nguni cattle under low-input in-situ conservation programs O Tadaa*, V Muchenjeb and K Dzamac aDepartment of Animal Production and Technology, Chinhoyi University of Technology, P. Bag 7724, Chinhoyi, South Africa. bDepartment of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, P. Bag X1314, Alice 5700, South Africa. cDepartment of Animal Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P. Bag X1, Matieland 7602, South Africa. *Corresponding Author: Tel: +263 772 116 441, Email: tadao@cut.ac.zw Abstract Participatory Rural Appraisal techniques were employed to determine the breeding objectives of Nguni cattle under community-based management of indigenous livestock genetic resources. Six groups each composed of nine representative farmers from communal and small-scale conservation enterprises participated in deriving the objective selection criteria of breeding animals using data on economic weights of preferential traits. The shuffled focus groups brainstormed on the mating strategy and management of breeding animals within low-input conservation enterprises. An economic-weight dependent culling method (EWCM) and two-tier open nucleus breeding scheme were conceptualized. The Nguni breeding animals ideally need to maintain optimum body condition score (4 - 6) and low tick counts across seasons under low-input production system. The indigenous breeding bulls need to have high reproductive efficiency while...
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...CARE Kenya Providing New Opportunities Through Empowering Individuals and Communities CARE International is a non-political, non-religious global network of humanitarian organizations with a goal to reduce poverty. It was founded in 1946 with a mission to help individuals and families living in the poorest communities in the world get out of poverty. According to Tom Ewart (2005), CARE also helps to promote innovative solutions and lasting change by strengthening capacity for self-help, providing economic opportunities, and delivering relief in emergencies to more than 45 million people every year. Some of the countries that CARE operates projects in are Indonesia, Jamaica, and Zimbabwe. According to Ewart’s 2005 case study, in 2003 CARE’s budget was $1.08 million. Most money came from federal governments, multilateral institutions such as the World Bank, the United Nations, and the International Fund for Agriculture and Developments (IFAD). One of the countries in Africa that CARE has managed to develop their project in is Kenya. CARE Kenya is one of CARE International’s branches in Africa managing developments and humanitarian organizations. The largest goal of CARE Kenya is to reduce poverty at a household level and to provide relief in emergencies. In 2004, CARE Kenya employed about 300 people and had a budget of nearly $1.04 million (Ewart, 2005). Currently, CARE Kenya carries out significant initiatives in Health and HIV/AIDS, water and environmental sanitation...
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...Pre-Feasibility Study DAIRY FARM (25 Animals) Small and Medium Enterprise Development Authority Government of Pakistan www.smeda.org.pk HEAD OFFICE 6th Floor LDA Plaza Egerton Road, Lahore Tel 111 111 456, Fax 6304926-7 Website www.smeda.org.pk Helpdesk@smeda.org.pk REGIONAL OFFICE REGIONAL OFFICE SINDH NWFP 5TH Floor, Bahria Complex II, M.T. Khan Road, Karachi. Tel: (021) 111-111-456 Fax: (021) 5610572 helpdesk-khi@smeda.org.pk Ground Floor State Life Building The Mall, Peshawar. Tel: (091) 9213046-47 Fax: (091) 286908 helpdesk-pew@smeda.org.pk REGIONAL OFFICE PUNJAB REGIONAL OFFICE BALOCHISTAN Bungalow No. 15-A Chaman Housing Scheme Airport Road, Quetta. Tel: (081) 831623, 831702 Fax: (081) 831922 helpdesk-qta@smeda.org.pk 8 th Floor, LDA Plaza, Lahore, Tel: (042) 111-111-456 Fax: (042)6304926-7 helpdesk@smeda.org.pk October, 2008 Pre-Feasibility Study Dairy Farm (25 Animals) 1 INTRODUCTION TO SMEDA..........................................................................................................4 2 PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT.....................................................................................................4 3 CRUCIAL FACTORS & STEPS IN DECISION MAKING FOR INVESTMENT ..........................5 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 STRENGTHS ................................................................................................................................5 WEAKNESSES..................................................................
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...Pre-Feasibility Study DAIRY FARM (25 Animals) Small and Medium Enterprise Development Authority Government of Pakistan www.smeda.org.pk HEAD OFFICE 6th Floor LDA Plaza Egerton Road, Lahore Tel 111 111 456, Fax 6304926-7 Website www.smeda.org.pk Helpdesk@smeda.org.pk REGIONAL OFFICE REGIONAL OFFICE SINDH NWFP 5TH Floor, Bahria Complex II, M.T. Khan Road, Karachi. Tel: (021) 111-111-456 Fax: (021) 5610572 helpdesk-khi@smeda.org.pk Ground Floor State Life Building The Mall, Peshawar. Tel: (091) 9213046-47 Fax: (091) 286908 helpdesk-pew@smeda.org.pk REGIONAL OFFICE PUNJAB REGIONAL OFFICE BALOCHISTAN Bungalow No. 15-A Chaman Housing Scheme Airport Road, Quetta. Tel: (081) 831623, 831702 Fax: (081) 831922 helpdesk-qta@smeda.org.pk 8 th Floor, LDA Plaza, Lahore, Tel: (042) 111-111-456 Fax: (042)6304926-7 helpdesk@smeda.org.pk October, 2008 Pre-Feasibility Study Dairy Farm (25 Animals) 1 INTRODUCTION TO SMEDA..........................................................................................................4 2 PURPOSE OF THE DOCUMENT.....................................................................................................4 3 CRUCIAL FACTORS & STEPS IN DECISION MAKING FOR INVESTMENT ..........................5 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5. 4.6. 4.7. 5.1 5.2 6.1 6.2 6.3 STRENGTHS ................................................................................................................................5 WEAKNESSES...........
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...direction, cooperation that enable me to have an experience in the dynamic and challenging environment NGO sector ultimately to prepare this assignment. Then I likely thank from the core of my heart to Dr. Naznin Islam for his excellent guidance which has helped me preparing this assignment properly. I express my sincere gratitude to Honorable Executive Director A K Arzoo and other officials of Jagorani Chakra Foundation (JCF) for helping me providing information’s whenever we asked for it. Without their kind co-operation in all respect it would not been possible for me to prepare this assignment. CONTENTS Sl.No. 01. 02. 03. 04. 05. 06. 07. 08. 09. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15 16 17 18 19 Introduction Objectives of the study Methodology of the study Theoretical discussion Concept of NGOs Historical background of NOGs in Bangladesh Types of NGOs Functional coverage of NGOs Role of NGOs behind the rural development Advantages and disadvantages Findings Jagorani chakra foundation (JCF) Objectives Working area Programs Programs related rural development Exceptional and successes of JCF Achievements of JCF Concluding remark Subject Page 02 02 02 03 03 04 05 06 08 09 10 10 11 12 13 15 15 16 17 1 INTRODUCTION: Bangladesh has a strong tradition of private philanthropic initiatives for humanistic and voluntary works for people’s welfare. Many schools, colleges, hospitals and other voluntary initiatives for public service have their origin in the philanthropic values...
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...Table of Contents Chapter 1 Taxation overview---------------------------------------------------------------- 1 2 General principles ---------------------------------------------------------------- 8 3 Specific principles on gross income------------------------------------------- 12 4 Pension receipts and payments------------------------------------------------- 22 5 Double Taxation------------------------------------------------------------------ 29 6 General deductions----------------------------------------------------------------34 7 Expenditure-------------------------------------------------------------------------38 8 Capital allowances-----------------------------------------------------------------48 9 Leasing------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 60 10 Exemptions------------------------------------------------------------------------- 66 11 Partnership-------------------------------------------------------------------------- 71 12 Farmers------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 76 13 Miners------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 85 14 Exports------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 98 15 Capital gains------------------------------------------------------------------------ 101 16 Hire purchase-----------------------------------------------------------------------...
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...CASE STUDY 5.1 Using the ‘Technology as Experience’ Framework Introduction To show how the Technology as Experience framework (introduced in Chapter 5) can be used to think about and inform design, two case studies are presented here. Both used it to guide their initial ideas for the design of two different websites: (i) an online fundraising site and (ii) a site that reviews men’s clothing, intended to appeal to men who do not enjoy shopping. Both were written by students as part of a graduate course in Human-Computer Interaction and hence it should be noted are only hypothetical websites (see the end of the case study for the assignmenti ). The first was written by Heather Collins when she was a graduate student at Indiana University. She used primarily the sensory and compositional threads of the framework, leading to insights on how fundraising organizations can maximize their website to tell a compelling story to a potential donor that is balanced in content and emotion. Her design combines elements of storytelling, appropriate emotional triggers, and a welcoming atmosphere to encourage potential donors to act by making a donation, volunteering their time, telling their friends, or attending a related event. Through this process, the donor can create a meaningful connection to a cause or problem directly impacting their community. The personal connection makes the online donation experience pleasurable for the user. The second was written by Aaron Loehrlein when he was also...
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...CASE STUDY 5.1 Using the ‘Technology as Experience’ Framework Introduction To show how the Technology as Experience framework (introduced in Chapter 5) can be used to think about and inform design, two case studies are presented here. Both used it to guide their initial ideas for the design of two different websites: (i) an online fundraising site and (ii) a site that reviews men’s clothing, intended to appeal to men who do not enjoy shopping. Both were written by students as part of a graduate course in Human-Computer Interaction and hence it should be noted are only hypothetical websites (see the end of the case study for the assignmenti ). The first was written by Heather Collins when she was a graduate student at Indiana University. She used primarily the sensory and compositional threads of the framework, leading to insights on how fundraising organizations can maximize their website to tell a compelling story to a potential donor that is balanced in content and emotion. Her design combines elements of storytelling, appropriate emotional triggers, and a welcoming atmosphere to encourage potential donors to act by making a donation, volunteering their time, telling their friends, or attending a related event. Through this process, the donor can create a meaningful connection to a cause or problem directly impacting their community. The personal connection makes the online donation experience pleasurable for the user. The second was written by Aaron Loehrlein when he was also...
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...Introduction Millions of African smallholders—farmers, herders and fisherfolk—are resource-poor and suffer from food insecurity. Their low incomes mean they are unable to make investments and take on risks. Their agricultural systems are buffeted by sudden, acute shocks caused by natural and man-made hazards—drought, flooding, erosion, conflicts. Long-term trends, in part the result of international markets, national policy decisions and institutional frameworks, often move against them. The food-security problem is not merely an inability to produce enough food to keep pace with population growth. Such a simplistic reckoning fails to take into account the ecological, cultural, social and economic features which are the bedrock of sustainable agriculture. Environmental degradation and a diminishing resource base seriously affect African farmers who depend on rainfed agriculture. As critical watersheds are deforested, water supplies have become unreliable and the climate less predictable. Local actors are seldom consulted when agricultural policies are formulated. Small-scale farmers (especially women) find it hard to get credit, seeds and other inputs, and the information they need to farm their land in a profitable, sustainable way. Some governments still control the prices of key farm outputs, and unscrupulous traders manipulate the prices of others. In addition, political instability is a major obstacle to food security and sustainable agriculture in many countries. Access...
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...Comparative Case Study based on public and private dairy firm in Bangladesh. Subject: Human Resource Management Section: 01 Submitted to M. Khasro Miah, Ph.D. Associate professor, North South University Submitted by Faisal Nasir Khan ID#102- 0576-060 Raquib Mahmud ID#102- 0708-560 Mahmudul Alam Chowdhury ID#102- 0919-060 Acknowledgement We would like to express our most sincere gratitude and appreciation to our course instructor Dr. M. Khasro Miah ( Associate Professor, North South University) for giving us the opportunity to make this project. To be honest, we were little bit bogged before starting this project. Class lectures helped us to get rid of this problem. So, we are indebted to our course teacher Dr. M. Khasro Miah for his outstanding class lectures which made this work much easier. Our honorable sir also made the class more interesting introducing different kinds of discussion regarding to various issues which cover HRM. That’s why a major part credit goes to him. Also thanks to Milk Vita’s Assistant Manager (procurement) Kanti Mondal for helping us providing information related to human resource management of dairy farm. Thanks to Almighty for giving us potential to bring this Project into reality. ABSTRACT Human Resource management has several sections to explore. In this Human Resource Management Course (BUS-601), we have been given the topic based on Human Resource Management Practices in Bangladesh: A Comparative Case Study...
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...households as possible have permanent access to an appropriate range of high quality financial services, including not just credit but also savings, insurance, and fund transfers."[1] Those who promote microfinance generally believe that such access will help poor people out of poverty. Microfinance is a broad category of services, which includes microcredit. Microcredit is provision of credit services to poor clients. Although microcredit is one of the aspects of microfinance, conflation of the two terms is endemic in public discourse. Critics often attack microcredit while referring to it indiscriminately as either 'microcredit' or 'microfinance'. Due to the broad range of microfinance services, it is difficult to assess impact, and very few studies have tried to assess its full impact.[2] Contents [hide] • 1 Challenges • 2 History • 3 Boundaries and principles • 4 Debates at the boundaries • 5 Financial needs of poor people • 6 Ways in which poor people manage their money • 7 Current scale of microfinance operations • 8 Domestic microfinance o 8.1 History of domestic microfinance in USA o 8.2 History of domestic...
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...en.wikipedia.org http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microfinance Microfinance [hide]This article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues on the talk page. This article may be too technical for most readers to understand. (January 2010) Microfinance is a source of financial services for entrepreneurs and small businesses lacking access to banking and related services. The two main mechanisms for the delivery of financial services to such clients are: (1) relationship-based banking for individual entrepreneurs and small businesses; and (2) group-based models, where several entrepreneurs come together to apply for loans and other services as a group. In some regions, for example Southern Africa , microfinance is used to describe the supply of financial services to low-income employees, which is closer to the retail finance model prevalent in mainstream banking. Community-based savings bank in Cambodia. There are a rich variety of financial institutions which serve micro-entrepreneurs and small businesses. For some, microfinance is a movement whose object is "a world in which as many poor and near-poor households as possible have permanent access to an appropriate range of high quality financial services, including not just credit but also savings, insurance, and fund transfers."[1] Many of those who promote microfinance generally believe that such access will help poor people out of poverty, including participants in the Microcredit Summit...
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...Dr. David Conner (Department of CARRS) Dr. Dale Rozeboom (Animal Science) Prepared by: Victoria Campbell-Arvai Department of CARRS, Michigan State University August 17, 2009 Literature Review: A Comparison of Dairy Production Systems SUMMARY This literature review focused on studies comparing the effects of dairy production systems (pasture-based, conventional/confinement1, and mixed) on (i) environmental issues, (ii) social issues, (iii) economic issues, (iv) human health issues, and (v) animal welfare issues. The review was based on peer-reviewed research papers identified by experts at MSU, as well as (where specifically suggested) non peer-reviewed university and government reports. Additional studies were identified from the reference section of recommended papers, as well as via their citation index (primarily Google Scholar). A synopsis of each section is available below, as well as at the end of each section. There is a great deal of research –much of it based in the United States- on the environmental effects of all types of dairy farming, including intensive/confinement, mixed, pasture-based, and management-intensive rotational grazing (MIRG) operations. The vast majority of studies identified for this review focused on the fate and management of excess nitrogen and phosphorous, their effects on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, and contributions to air quality and climate change. Many environmental mitigation efforts were suggested, including balancing nutrient...
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...Employment News 31 May - 6 June 2014 www.employmentnews.gov.in 21 UNION PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION EXAMINATION NOTICE NO. 09/2014-CSP (LAST DATE FOR RECEIPT OF APPLICATIONS : 30/06/2014) DATE :31.05.2014 CIVIL SERVICES EXAMINATION, 2014 (Commission’s website-http://upsc.gov.in) F. No. 1/5/2013-E.I(B) : Preliminary Examination of the Civil Services Examination for recruitment to the Services and Posts mentioned below will be held by the Union Public Service Commission on 24th Aug., 2014 in accordance with the Rules published by the Department of Personnel & Training in the Gazette of India Extraordinary dated 31st May, 2014. (i) Indian Administrative Service. (ii) Indian Foreign Service. (iii) Indian Police Service. (iv) Indian P & T Accounts & Finance Service, Group ‘A’. (v) Indian Audit and Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (vi) Indian Revenue Service (Customs and Central Excise), Group ‘A’. (vii) Indian Defence Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (viii) Indian Revenue Service (I.T.), Group ‘A’. (ix) Indian Ordnance Factories Service, Group ‘A’ (Assistant Works Manager, Administration). (x) Indian Postal Service, Group ‘A’. (xi) Indian Civil Accounts Service, Group ‘A’. (xii) Indian Railway Traffic Service, Group ‘A’. (xiii) Indian Railway Accounts Service, Group 'A'. (xiv) Indian Railway Personnel Service, Group ‘A’. (xv) Post of Assistant Security Commissioner in Railway Protection Force, Group ‘A’ (xvi) Indian Defence Estates Service, Group...
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