...Herpes Zoster (Shingles) A 23-year-old female came to the clinic complaining of fatigue and a burning, tingling sensation down the back of her left leg. She stated that it feels like "pins and needles going up and down my leg," followed 2 days later by an eruption of a red bumpy rash which originated on the posterior left thigh. The red bumps became more pronounced and raised over the next couple of days. On examination, the rash had developed into multiple clusters of grouped vesicular lesions and spread from the top of her posterior left thigh, following dermatome S2, and ending at mid-calf. The patient reported having a low-grade fever for the past 2 days, but there were no other signs of infection. The patient complained of intense sharp, stabbing pain and mild itching. She stated that she tried applying a topical anti-itch cooling gel to the rash with no relief for the pain or the pruritis. She denied any exposure to harsh or irritating substances or allergens, such as poison ivy or poison oak. Patient denies prior hospitalizations, surgeries, or accidents. The patient does have a history of exercise induced asthma. During the exam the patient stated that she had had chickenpox when she was a child. Herpes zoster (HZ) or shingles, is an acute inflammatory eruption of incredibly painful vesicles that occur along a band-like unilateral pattern along the course of the peripheral nerves or dermatomes, and does not cross the midline of the body. Shingles results when the...
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...upon infection of herpes simplex virus, epithelial cells of the genital area and oral mucosa are quickly penetrated by the virus, which replicates quickly in the cells leading to deterioration and without treatment necrosis. The HSV specifically affects sensory nerves in the dorsal route ganglia. HSV remains hidden or dormant in our bodies. If the HSV cells remain dormant, no new viruses are produced (Mandal, 2003). Reappearance of HSV oral sores are known as cold sores, since cold sores appear when carrier has a fever, common cold or upper respiratory tract infection. It is possible to transmit HSV in the absence of symptoms, known as asymptomatic shedding. Individuals may not have symptoms of years. This creates a challenge in the control and prevention HSV infections. Women exposed to HSV during pregnancy, are at a high risk for transmitting infection to newborn during childbirth, since infected fluids...
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...Herpes and Toilet Seat: Read before Flush Outside the human body, HSV, the virus causing lives for very few minutes if not seconds. While it a highly contagious virus that should be careful when handling body fluids and membrane, you are unlikely to get it from a toilet seat. The contagious nature of the disease is not questionable. The fact that it is transmitted through physical contact is a more reason to worry you. HSV-1 and HSV-2 attack nerve cells, and multiply by copying themselves before moving to the body surfaces. This is usually during the first outbreak when the virus is strong but is still remains invisible apart from the cold sores and blisters. Many people around the world are infected by the virus but do not know it. This is...
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...Genital Herpes Virus In this world today there are many viruses that effects the human population. Herpes is one of these diseases. It is no less then a self-limited communicable disease. Yet its "victims" describe it as devastating, and society treats those with it like lepers. Until recently most people had never heard of herpes virus. Even doctors were familiar with the virus, yet in the past few years , it has become an epidemic. Why I chose to study this topic is more on how herpes affects a person emotionally. Why should a disease like this which rarely causes great physical problems, be such trouble to many people? It is not as devastating as tuberculosis. Its not a killer like cancer. And it is not as disabling as the flu. It isn't as bad a smoking is to your health, so why should so many people care about it. I think that the main reason is that herpes affects the persons personality. To many, there is nothing more important then that persons genitals. One's genitals gives one the ability to love and to be loved. Another reason is that this virus, unlike many in today's society, is incurable. With todays fast food restaurants, great health insurance, and one hour prescriptions, people have a hard time dealing with herpes being incurable. The incurability and recurrent nature of herpes makes it a control issue and no one likes to lose control. There is an unbuilding factor in this issue. There...
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...Richard Hunt (2016), Herpes viruses are an important cause of human viral disease, very close to influenza and cold viruses. They can cause diseases or be silent for a long time only to be reactivated, just like Shingles. Herpes is a Latin word which in Greek means to creep according to Dr. Richard Hunt (2016). In the many herpes virus strains, there is a minimum of 25 viruses in this family viridae which only eight or more types are known to infect human often. As soon as a person is infected, the disease remains for life. The beginning stage of the infection might be followed by latency period with reactivation. This virus infects the majority of the human population living past middle age;" they have antibodies to most of the herpes viruses except HHV-8" according to Dr. Richard Hunt (2016). They are classified as Herpes simplex virus Type 1 (HSV-1), Herpes simplex virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV), Varicella...
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...Case Study on Herpes Zoster Case Study on Herpes Zoster History of Present Illness: This is a case of a 27 year old Asian female who came to the clinic complaining of pain on her right hand. She states that it feels like “pins and needles going up to my arm” She denies fever but states that she feels body malaise. She claims to have slight loss of appetite because of the pain. Pain level is about 7-8/10, occurs continuously and is temporarily relieved by Tylenol 500 mg. She noted the appearance of tiny blisters on her hand and upper arm which started about a week ago. The pain according to the patient is described as throbbing and tingling sensation. Patient otherwise has no other complaints. Past Medical History: Patient denies prior hospitalizations, surgeries, accidents. Patient does not remember immunizations but she claims that she never had chickenpox Family History: Both parents are alive. Her father is hypertensive and has coronary arterial disease. Her mother is apparently healthy. She is the only child. Social History: She lives in an apartment with her parents. She works as an employee in the casino. She does not smoke and does not drink alcoholic beverages. Review of Systems: General: Well nourished female, not in acute respiratory distress HEENT: Denies headache. No blurring of vision, hearing not impaired, no sore throat Neck: No tenderness and lymphadenopathy Cardiovascular: No chest pains and palpitations Gastrointestinal: No change in bowel habits...
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...Herpes, An Essay The infectious disease called Herpes Simplex is caused by the transmittance of the HSV-1 virus via contact with a sufferer. Common names for the disease are: cold sores, fever blisters, oral/mouth herpes or Herpes Simplex labialis. In this essay I shall be looking at the symptoms, variant strands, diagnosis, treatment and the personal/social impact of the disease. Infection by the Herpes Simplex Virus type 1 (HSV-1) is symptomized by the growth of blisters, and usually open sores in later periods of outbreaks, on the infected area, whether on the mouth, eyes, genitalia or less common areas. Once an area is contaminated by the disease, usually through contact with the outbreak of a person suffering the disease, the infected individual will begin to feel a tingling sensation in the area within 1-2 weeks of infection. Eventually red spots will grow in the area and then develop into blisters within a week. These blisters will then burst into open sores which is the period in which the disease is most transmittable. The primary outbreak, of newly contracted HSV, is typically more severe than any of the following outbreaks. The two identified variants of the Herpes Simplex Virus, HSV-1 and HSV-2, share these symptoms but differ in associated areas of the lesion outbreaks, facial region and genital region respectively (though either variation can cause either disease) , and likeness of and periods between recurrences. It has been noted that in some cases of Genital...
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...Genital Herpes: Say it With Conviction Disease is everywhere. Every day hospitals around the country are flooded with patients. The world is essentially one giant germ factory so it no surprise that so many people catch viruses from their friends or co-workers. In many cases, the situations are easily fixed and some aren’t. People take medication for a little while and then go on with their lives, while others take time to heal up while sick. Being sick is seen as an inconvenience but tolerated because it will pass. However, there is another kind of sickness and unlike the flu or a simple skin rash, some of these illnesses can last a lifetime. Genital Herpes has no known cure and yet according to the center of disease control, roughly 16.2% of Americans have the virus. That means that nearly 1 out of every 6 people that you run into each has already contracted Herpes. Luckily, there are ways you can protect yourself and others from becoming infected. The number of Genital Herpes cases in the United States could be greatly reduces, if only every person were force to take responsibility for public health. The virus that causes genital herpes is known as the Herpes Simplex Virus and it comes in two forms. The first form is the Herpes Simplex Virus 1 (HSV-1), which generally affects the mouth and lips. This form can be spread to the genitals through oral contact with the genitals, or through any sexual encounter with an infected person. The second form is Herpes Simplex Virus...
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... HSV 1, 2 & 4 (Herpes simplex virus) March 18, 2013 Biology 104 What is the importance of the organism in today’s world? Abstract Studies taken in 2010 (WHO) report that there are more people with genital herpes than with erectile dysfunction and urinary frequency combined. The herpes virus is classified as any of a group of viral diseases caused by affecting the skin or nervous system. The focus of this study will be HSV 1 known as herpes simplex or oral herpes and HSV 2 also known as genital herpes (warts).The number of people who have herpes surprises most everyone. Even more surprising is there are even more people with genital herpes (HSV 2) than either diabetes or high blood pressure! About one in every five adults in the United States has genital herpes (Xu et al. 2006). However, almost ninety percent of these people don’t know that they have it. Society has attached such a negative stigma to this virus and the goal of this research document is to focus on the origin, development, growth and treatment of this microbe to serve as an informative tool to prevent misinformation and to better understand what this organism effect has on the world today. | Herpes Virus Infections have been prevalent as early as ancient Greek times. Hippocrates (was an ancient Greek physician) is known to have described the spreading of herpes simplex lesions in ancient records in which scholars of Greek civilization then defined the Greek word "herpes" to mean "to creep or...
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...There is no cure for herpes. There is treatment for herpes. Medication can promote healing, ease symptoms alleviate pain and lower the risk of outbreaks. Medication does not kill the virus and does not prevent outbreaks in the future. The virus lies dormant in the body and can “flare up”; however, flare ups or outbreaks normally become fewer and lessen in severity as the individual ages. Outbreaks can be prevented or treated early with prescribed anti-viral medication to lessen symptoms. Oral herpes sufferers can use sun block on and around the borders of the lips and a hat to lessen the chance of cold sores from sun exposure. Individuals with genital herpes are prescribed with an anti-herpes medication to help sores heal faster and other...
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...INTRODUCTION The following is a transcript of the Department of Health’s (DOH) implementing guidelines for the Nurse Deployment Project 2014 (NDP). The DOH Circular No. 2013-0403 is entitled as: Implementing Guidelines on the Nurse Deployment Project for CY 2014. It was issued last September 2013 and was signed by the DOH Secretary Enrique T. Ona. The NDP is a project that will be replacing the RNheals program and will provide more benefits and compensation for the nurses employed. Transcript DEPARTMENT CIRCULAR No. 2013-0403 Issued September 30, 2013 Implementing Guidelines on the Nurse Deployment Project for CY 2014 RATIONALE Relative to the implementation of the Department of Health (DOH) Deployment of Human Resources for Health Program, these guidelines has been developed for the Nurse Deployment Project to standardize its implementation and management. The Department of Health (DOH) has designed the Nurse Deployment Project to improve local health systems that will support the country’s attainment of Universal Health Care or “Kalusugan Pagkahalatan.” The project will hire registered nurses (RNs) under a contract of services with priority deployment in the 20 poorest provinces and 1,233 focus municipalities of the National Anti-Poverty Commission (NAPC) and the Department of Social Welfare and Development’s (DSWD) Pantawid Pamilya Program (3Ps) or Conditional Cash Transfer (CCT) areas. Consequently, the project shall require partnerships with other agencies and...
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... Petruzelli (1991) states that Bell’s palsy is an acute paralysis of the facial nerve first described by the Scottish surgeon and anatomist, Sir Charles Bell . Niparko (1993) elaborates that it is a generally unilateral paralysis or weakness of facial musculature consistent with facial nerve damage and dysfunction. The anatomy of the facial nerve can be found in appendix two. Pietersen (2002) states that the cause is unknown, however, whilst the exact aetiology of Bell’s palsy is still debated, viral infections, vascular ischaemia, autoimmune inflammatory disorders and heredity have been postulated as causative. (Adour 1982, Burgess 1984, Lorber 1996). Murakami et al (1996) proposed that reactivation of herpes simplex virus in the geniculate ganglia was causative. A herpes simplex cause is corroborated by Stjernquist-Desatnik, Skoog, and Aurelius (2006). Whilst the exact aetiology is disputed, a greater consensus is reached when considering the pathophysiology. Tiemstra and Khatkhate (2007) state that Bell’s palsy is thought to be caused by inflammation at the geniculate ganglion. This appears corroborated by Fisch and Esslen (1972) who noted oedematous swelling proximal to the...
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...Bell's palsy is a form of facial paralysis resulting from a dysfunction of the cranial nerve VII (the facial nerve) causing an inability to control facial muscles on the affected side. Often the eye in the affected side cannot be closed. The eye must be protected from drying up, or the cornea may be permanently damaged, resulting in impaired vision. In some cases denture wearers experience some discomfort. The common presentation of this condition is a rapid onset of partial or complete paralysis that often occurs overnight. In rare cases, it can occur on both sides resulting in total facial paralysis. Bell’s palsy is defined as a one-sided facial nerve paralysis of unknown cause. Several other conditions can also cause facial paralysis, e.g., brain tumor, stroke, myasthenia gravis, and Lyme disease; however, if no specific cause can be identified, the condition is known as Bell's palsy. It is thought that an inflammatory condition leads to swelling of the facial nerve. The nerve travels through the skull in a narrow bone canal beneath the ear. Nerve swelling and compression in the narrow bone canal are thought to lead to nerve inhibition or damage. Usually it gets better on its own with most people achieving normal or near-normal function. Corticosteroids have been found to improve outcomes, when used early, while anti-viral drugs have not.[3][4] Many show signs of improvement as early as 10 days after the onset, even without treatment. Bell's palsy is the most common acute...
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...Communicable disease is defined as “an infectious disease transmissible (as from person to person) by direct contact with an affected individual or the individual’s discharges or by indirect means (as by a vector) (Merriam-Webster, 2015).” Chickenpox is considered a common childhood illness and is usually seen in children that are younger than 10 years of age. “Varicella is an acute infectious disease caused by varicella zoster virus (VZV). The recurrent infection (herpes zoster, also known as shingles) has been recognized since ancient times (CDC, 2015).” Chickenpox, varicella zoster virus (VZV) is a DNA type of the herpes virus that is a highly contagious disease. The VZV is spread through direct contact of the virus by coughing or sneezing causing it to be airborne and by direct contact with saliva, mucus and blisters from someone who is currently infected. The blisters that have dried or crusted over do not transmit the disease. Once VZV enters the body by way of the respiratory tract and conjunctiva it replicates and is then transmitted by way of the lymph node. Shingles are a latent form of chickenpox and is generally seen is older adults, and have a similar appearance as VZV that are highly infectious to a person that has not been immunized or previously infected by VZV. Symptoms of VZV appear between 10 to 21 days after exposure. These symptoms are sudden onset of a fever, tiredness; they have no desire to eat that is loss of appetite and a...
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...take action to bring light the issues their community faces will suffer far more in terms of health and economy. Someone getting sick all the time, and unable to afford the proper medications to get back to work brings our economy down, because in the end the taxpayers end up picking up the cost. Chicken pox was at one time a big issue in communities all over the USA. We finally evoked the right mind to find a vaccination for chicken pox, and now we have a vaccine and we can protect our children and ourselves against this virus. It’s also important to ensure people are able to get these vaccines if needed, and as a community we can help figure out options for these people. What is Chicken Pox “The varicella-zoster virus, one of the herpes viruses, causes...
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