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1. What is replication, and what role does it play in increasing the external validity or generalizability of a study? In what way is the IRB involved in using participants in a research study?
• Replication has been stressed as a way of overcoming any problems of generalization that occur in a single study.
• Exact replications: an attempt to replicate precisely the procedures of a study to see whether the same results are obtained.
• Conceptual Replication: A replication that investigates the relationship between the same conceptual variables that were studied in previous research but tests the hypothesis using different operational definitions of the independent variable and/or the dependent variable.
• Replication is used to identify the generalizability to a diversity of different groups. It helps to determine reliability and validity. The IRB is involved in using participants in a research study by protecting the privileges, rights, and wellbeing of individuals.

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using college students as participants in research studies?
• Advantages of using college students is they are able to assist in expanding the research on social psychology and experimental psychology.
• Disadvantages of using college students are having a limited population. The groups may be small or young.

3. What potential problems can arise from generalization of results to different cultures or ethnic groups?
• Generalization can cause complications in external validity and create bias viewpoints. External validity is improved with a variety of different cultures and ethnic culture groups.

4. What is meta-analysis, and how is it useful to practitioners and scholars?
• In a meta-analysis, the researcher combines the actual results of a number of studies. The analysis consists of a set of statistical procedures that employ effect

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