...Historical Report on Race ******** ETH/125 February 23, 2014 Charmagne Quarles Historical Report on Race In this chapter of our reading, we will discuss the history of the African Americana experience in the United States. We will evaluate political and social issues that have impacted the African American Community. This chapter will also introduce groups and organizations that opposed legislation that led to discrimination and promoted legislation that removed discrimination. The plight of discrimination that African Americans have received began almost immediately upon arrival in the United States. In 1660, while still under British rule, laws were passed that made African Americans slaves for life (Schaefer, 2012). These laws led to the development of what was known as "slave codes." Schaefer (pg. 177) defines slave codes as "laws that defined the low position held by slaves in the United States." According to Schaefer (2102), these codes were used as racial formation to solidify the African Americans as an inferior race. Slavery was eventually abolished after the Civil War but this abolition did not increase the standing of the Black Community. Schaefer (pg. 177) theorizes that slavery set the foundation for the problems with racial equality that we face today. After the Civil War, the African American community did not become the equal American citizens they imagined they would become. Segregation became common practice after the Reconstruction...
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...Kayla Johnson ETH/125 04/06/2014 Fartun Mohamud Historical Report on Race We as African Americans have always had a struggle throughout American History. They were brought to America as slaves and had no say at all in their relocation or even separation from their families. Most African Americans today are the descendants of captive Africans held in the United States from 1619 to 1865. In the past, African Americans were referred to and self-identified as the American Negro. Our history is celebrated annually in the United States during the month of February which has been designated as Black History Month. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American_history) The majority of African Americans descended from slaved brought in directly from Africa, or from the Caribbean. These slaves descended from prisoners of war that were captured by African states and sold to Arab, American, or European slave trades. The American slave population was made up of the various ethnic groups from western and central Africa, which includes Bakongo, Igbo, Mande, Wolof, Akan, Fon, and Makua. Before the Atlantic Slave Trade there were already people in America who was of the African descent. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African-American_history) Africans first arrived in 1619 when a Dutch ship sold 19 blacks as indentured servants to Englishmen at Point Comfort. Point Comfort, which is known as Fort Monroe in Hampton, Virginia in 1619. The majority of these people came from the West African...
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...Historical Report on Race Steven Pope-Coney ETH/125 July-Sunday 08, 2012 Pauline Little Historical Report on Race Based on Gerald Horne the experience of the African Americans throughout US history has been neutral. (Horne, 2011) African Americans in the beginning were dragged across the Atlantic to North America as Europe reached a certain stage in socio economic revolution. African Americans have been sold, and traded as live stock for money and other things. African Americans were also beaten if they did not listen to the Europeans orders. Some African Americans tried to escape to get away from the abuse but were killed if founded trying to escape. African Americans were not afforded the same opportunities as whites, whites has access to top educational schools, voting rights, and were allowed to sit at the front of the bus. African Americans had to go to poor graded schools, could not share the same restaurants, bathrooms, and etc. Whites have felt like the African Americans do not belong and that their rights were being threatened. African Americans have come a long way from George Washington Carver inventing the peanuts, and President Obama becoming the First black president of the United States. Some of the concerns have been that African Americans were forced in to low poverty neighborhoods and were not able to live in the upper class neighborhoods like whites did. (Horne, 2011) According to Gerald Horne In 2010 one of the big political cases involving...
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...Historical Report on Race Latesha Hagger May 17, 2015 ETH/125 Dr. Welcher African Americans African Americans migrated to the United States between 1500s-1800s, but not of their own free will. They were brought here through the means of slavery. The South is the origin where slavery begins. Slavery stripped African Americans of all their rights and privileges. Slaves could not marry each other, legally buy or sell anything, and they were not allowed to own property these are just some of the harshness that slaves endured. Although, Abraham Lincoln abolished slavery in 1863 when the Emancipation Proclamation was issued, slavery did not officially end until it became law in 1865. The Thirteenth Amendment was introduced to abolish slavery forever. African Americans are finally free citizen but were still not being treated as equals. They were treated as second class citizens by whites who believe they are the superior over blacks. Blacks were not allowed to vote in any elections. This injustice causes another amendment to be added to the Constitution. The Fifteenth Amendment ensures that individuals could not be barred from voting based on race or any other factor. Now that blacks are able to vote, they have elected some blacks into political offices. African Americans are still faced more adversity and injustice. According to Schaefer (2006) during the 19th century the term Jim Crow was very popular in the south. Jim Crow laws were meant to keep blacks in their subordinate...
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...Historical Report on Race October 20, 2012 ETH/125 Native Americans have been known to be the first people to live in the U.S... Native Americans where known to be the indigenous people to America. They were said to receive the name “Indian” from Christopher Columbus. Native Americans were nearly wiped out in 1550 by disease, only 500 survived. Over the years Native Americans became more like the races that come to America. Native Americans started going by American Indians. The Native Americans have changed the way they live. For example you want see them living in teepee’s anymore. Native Americans had to deal with all the hardships as well as anyone else that was not white. Some of the social and culture issues started when the European explorer’s and colonizers, this was a start of a conflict. These explorers took the land they want and placed the native where they wanted them, they did not have the freedom to roam the lands anymore. In 1924 the American Indians gained their citizenship. Many American Indians still live on reservations and still practice the old ways. They earn their own money through casinos, which is divide between the whole trib. Many think that they use to the money for other things. In reality they help the trip thrive and serve. They even donate the money to people and places in need. Even after everything the American Indians have been through, they still find a way to help out the...
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...Historical Report on Race ETH/120 November 17, 2014 Although many hardships have been endured, people of the African descent have shaped the course of American’s history for over 500years. From the justice of the Jim Crow Era to the struggles of the civil rights movement, each moment of the African American history has shaped the face of modern America. African Americans present a classic example of what happens when a minority group becomes defined as weaker and less intelligent and overall, less valued. Overtime, those prejudices have become long-lasting behavior patterns that have been carried down from one generation to the next. In the mid 1500’s Black Africans were brought to America as slaves by Europeans mariners. This force of migration was unique in American history. Slaves were captured and sold at auctions and at American slave markets to owners who wanted them primarily as plantation workers. Slave owners would break up families by selling off family members. They were also harshly punished. In the eyes of the slave owner, they were no more than livestock. Despite these rough times, slaves managed to develop a strong cultural identity. The introduction to Christianity helped them develop their own form of worship. The music of worship expressed both slave endurance and religious belief. In time, African culture contributed to much of America’s music, theater, and dance. By 1700 there were about 25,000 slaves in the American colonies. The slaves that weren’t...
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...Historical Report on Race ETH/125 May 5, 2013 Historical Report on Race Paper African American During the mid-1500’s, European mariners started bringing African people to America as slaves. These individuals were forced in this movement from one area to another, over long distances or in large groups to be slaves. At this time slaves were traded, with that the slave trade was not new to Europe or Africa. These slaves were traded during the eighth century by Moorish merchants as merchandise throughout the Mediterranean. The West African people kept slaves. West African slaves were usually prisoners of war, criminals, or the lowest-ranked members based on their birth. (Constitutional Rights Foundation, 2013). Once in America, slaves were auctioned off to owners, which often times punished them harshly. These auctions broke up families by selling off family members, however, slaves managed to develop a strong cultural identity. The political, social, and cultural issue throughout American history is poor, black, and is an American. According to McCray (1994), “The repository for the culture of any people is the family, and in the African-American family resiliency, adaptability, and sheer strength are primarily responsible for this group's survival in an alien and hostile environment. The strength of African-American people is found within. Within the family, within its segregated communities and churches, and within the individual.” (pp. 1-3). McCray...
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...Historical Report on Race Chris Caputi ETH 125 April 6, 2014 Eleanor Branch Historical Report on Race Throughout United States history, the Native Americans have been the victims of racism since the day Christopher Columbus landed on North America. It is important for all people to understand that the Native American Indian was well established in North America for thousands of years. The nomadic ancestors, scientists believe, that modern day Native Americans migrated over a “land bridge” from Asia into what is now Alaska (Native American History, 2014). It is believed that when Christopher Columbus arrived, there were about 50 million Indians already living in North America and 10 million living in the area now known as the United States. This information is important because it shows that the Native American Indian was well established ling before Europeans arrived and that technically this was their land and homes. “From the west coast to what we now know as New England, tribes built their own societies and sustained themselves through agriculture, trade and hunting,” (Native American History, Native American History Facts, 2014). The Native American history has been somewhat “clouded”, as much of the history was written by the viewpoints of whites or Europeans. With the Native American Indian being illiterate, much of their history was passed on through stories or verbally rather than written documents. As a result, much of their true history was lost, altered...
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...Historical Report on Race: African Americans Frederik Seixas ETH 125 Jennifer Friedrich, Ph.D. 01/26/2014 It is an undeniable fact that, throughout history, the African American community has dealt with its fair share of discrimination. This is of particular historical significance to those living in the United States because it is an essential component of the founding of this country, and will continue to be a reoccurring theme in the curricula of educational institutions and in the headlines of current events. Historically, Africans were first brought into the Jamestown colony in 1619 for the purpose of harvesting tobacco (Slavery in America, 2012). Their arrival had a huge influence on the course of American history, so much so that it is no exaggeration to say that, without the presence of the African American people, our country would not be what it is today. Unfortunately theirs is a tale of enslavement and mistreatment, and with current-day discrimination still posing a threat to this particular race, it is impossible to deny that African Americans have weathered some of the most horrifying struggles possible. In many ways, the battle for freedom and equality is still very much alive, and, as a historian, I simply cannot ignore my duty to share the story of one of the most resilient races our country as ever known. Let us begin with some historical references on the matter of the African American community's experience in the United States. In terms of politicAfrican...
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...Historical Report on Race ETH/125 Historical Report on Race African Americans have had to endure many of things throughout history from navigator Pedro Alonso Niño traveling to the New World with Christopher Columbus, slavery, the Civil Rights Movement, and finally the election of an African American president. With all of this in mind it is obvious that the African American race has come a long way from where they began. In 1492, navigator Pedro Alonso Niño traveled to the New World with Christopher Columbus, but not even 200 years later, a Dutch ship brought 20 African indentured servants to Jamestown, Virginia. In 1775, George Washington allows free “blacks” to enlist in the Continental Army and the British governor of Virginia promises freedom to the slaves who enlist with the British. In 1793 Congress passed the Fugitive Slave Act; this made it a crime to harbor an escaped slave. Over a 30 year span, between 1831-1861, around 75,000 slaves escaped to the North claiming their freedom using the Underground Railroad. In 1857, the Dred Scott Case, took place and the Supreme Court decided that African Americans weren’t United States citizens and Congress couldn’t restrict slavery in federal territories; this meant that if a slave made it to a free state the person would still be considered a slave. The Civil War began in 1861 and after 4 years the Union’s victory meant the end of slavery in the United States. In 1863, President Abraham Lincoln presented the Emancipation...
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...Historical Report on Race As a descendant of the Native American race, I feel it is necessary to discuss the history of the Native American race with you. The Native American people have had many experiences over the years and many political, social, and cultural issues have been addressed through legislation. I hope this information will assist you in deepening your understanding of your Native American friends and gain additional insights into the state of the Native American people. The Native American people have suffered greatly over the last 200 years, but the situation is improving quickly. The history of what has happened contains both discriminatory legislation as well as new laws that reversed them. For the most part, the Federal Government has been conscientious of the problems faced by the Native Americans and has responded to the needs of the people. Before immigrants from all over the world began to arrive on the land now known as the United States, The Native American people lived in relative peace with each other. We never really knew what hate felt like until the immigrants came. As more and more travelers showed up, they began to take our lands from us and push us further into the wilderness, away from the lands we called home. Over time, the Native American people were soon outnumbered and new laws were beginning to be passed to limit our basic civil rights and our rights to religious freedom. Many believed the Native Americans were going to be in the way...
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...Historical Report on Race Alan Wollschlager ETH/125 03/10/2012 Instructor Deborah Mata In this paper, I will be playing a role as a member of an Asian American young adult. I will write about some of the different things, in which I have experienced living here in the United States of America. I am twenty-three and living in Necedah, Wisconsin with my mother, father, grandparents, and three younger sisters. My family and I are considered to be part of a minority group in the United States, even though I was born and raised in Necedah. I am labeled Asian Indian because of my ancestral background. However, I just like to tell people I am American. I continue to practice my family’s cultural traditions and religion. I am a believer in Hinduism. My family is from a city in India, in which is known as New Delhi. The city is India’s capital. My family and I visit New Delhi at least once a year to see family. India is a peninsula located in South Asia. India is surrounded by the Himalaya Mountains, Pakistan, the Indian Ocean, and the Bay of Bengal. There are about 900 million people that live in India today, which makes it the most populated country in South Asia, and covers about 1.5 million square miles of land. The only other country in Asia larger in population is China. The first Asian Indians came to the United States was in the middle of the 19th century. Most of the Asian Indians, during that time, came to the United States...
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...Many people have not really thought of Middle Eastern Americans as a significant racial group in the United States until after the attacks on September 11, 2001. What people do not realize is that this group of people has been in the United States for a very long time and it is usually not until something big happens that we tend to notice them within our ranks as Americans. During this paper, I will give a very brief history of the Middle Easterners immigration to the United States. There will also be talk of what their experiences have been like in the country, as well as the political, social, and cultural issues and concerns that have proven evident throughout American history. This paper will also talk about legislation enacted to constrain and then later alleviate prejudicial boundaries. The first known rush of Middle Eastern decent individuals immigrating to the United States on their own free will was in the 1880’s, during the Great Migration. Before this, the Middle Easterners were usually of slave decent, as Spanish traders around the late 15th century brought them for trade in the Americas. During the Great Migration, this group immigrated to the United States for many of the same reasons others did. The main driving factors were religious, political, and economical factors. It has been sad that most of the immigrants, almost 70 percent, that came to the United States from the Middle East during the period of 1899-1910 were mostly illiterate and poor. As the...
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...October 1, 2014 Dear Sarafina, Hello my dearest pen pal. I hope this letter finds you well and in good spirits. Since we are still in the getting to know you phase of our correspondence I thought it would be a good idea for us to relay some information about my heritage and cultural history as you have done for me about yours. I thoroughly enjoyed reading about the Italian history through your eyes, experiences and historical research. Are you ready for a historical walk through of my African-American culture? Although I reside in the United States now my history starts in Africa where my people were sold off and enslaved to the white Americans. The first African slaves were brought here to the United States in the Colony of Jamestown Virginia in 1619. Slaves were brought here to help aid in the production of mass crops such as tobacco. Slavery continued and ultimately ended on December 18, 1865. During the slavery era there were things that aided slaves like the under ground rail road. This was an avenue that helps slaves escape to freedom. One of the most famous escaped slaves was Harriet Tubman. She escaped in 1849 and was one of the most celebrated and effective leaders of the Underground Railroad. President Lincoln was a key element when it came to dealing the freeing of the slaves when he released the emancipation proclamation in 1863. Although Lincoln accelerated the movement of freeing the slaves he knew it would take a constitutional amendment to let the...
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...African Americans have been through many things during the history of the United States. Early in American History African Americans were involuntarily made to endure slavery. Although slavery began long before the United States was founded it had a devastating effect on the U.S. Slavery is defined as using people whom were required to serve as slaves by capturing and then sold at auctions. They were then forced to work on plantations as a slave labor which was a legal institution in North America. The bad experiences of African Americans continue and include the raping of an African slave, this was not only legal, but it was also a normal thing for owners to do to their slaves ("Scholastic", 2012). The severe treatment of slaves was not right by any means, no matter how people explained what they were doing. It is cruel and takes the rights of people away, and this is not the way to treat anyone or anything that is one of God’s creatures. In 1865, following the American Civil War, slavery was banned in the United States and slaves were emancipated or set free. African Americans were treated very poorly in ways other than slavery, between 1877 and the mid 1960’s they lived under the Jim Crow Laws. Jim Crow was not a person but a series of rigid anti-black laws. African Americans were downgraded to the social status of second class citizens. This law incorporated things like; black men were not allowed to shake hands with or offer a hand to a white man and were allowed...
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