...History and Transistor Count In: Computers and Technology History and Transistor Count 1. Search the Internet using keywords such as “Intel Processor Transistor Count.” 2. Create a table that presents the processor model, year and transistor count for Intel processors from 1971 to the present. 1982 Intel 286 Processor 134K Transistors 1982 Intel 286 Processor 134K Transistors 1978 Intel 8086 Processor 29K Transistors 1978 Intel 8086 Processor 29K Transistors 1974 Intel 8080 Processor 4500 Transistors 1974 Intel 8080 Processor 4500 Transistors 1972 Intel 8008 Processor 3500 Transistors 1972 Intel 8008 Processor 3500 Transistors 1971 Intel 4004 Processor 2300 Transistors 1971 Intel 4004 Processor 2300 Transistors 2003 Intel Pentium M Processor 55 Million Transistors 2003 Intel Pentium M Processor 55 Million Transistors 2001 Intel Xeon Processor 42 Million Transistors 2001 Intel Xeon Processor 42 Million Transistors 2000 Intel Pentium 4 Processor 42 Million Transistors 2000 Intel Pentium 4 Processor 42 Million Transistors 1999 Intel Pentium III Processor 9.5 Million Transistors 1999 Intel Pentium III Processor 9.5 Million Transistors 1998 Intel Celeron Processor 7.5 Million Transistors 1998 Intel Celeron Processor 7.5 Million Transistors 1995 Intel Pentium Pro Processor 5.5 Million Transistors 1995 Intel Pentium Pro Processor 5.5 Million Transistors 1997 Intel Pentium II Processor 7.5 Million...
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...The integrated circuit was invented in 1958 and 1959 by Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce. Before the integrated circuit was created, computers used single transistors and before transistors vacuum tubes were used. However, vacuum tubes were inefficient as they gave off so much heat and used enormous amounts of energy which is why the invention of transistors, which used semiconductors, was a breakthrough in the technology. Transistors are used on integrated circuits and scientists have been able to increase the amount that can fit on a circuit in record numbers. Gordon Moore, a cofounder of Intel, noticed a trend of the capacity of each new chip that was created compared to its predecessor. He found that the size nearly doubled every two years and this still holds true for today. Below is a graph showing the transistor count vs. the year the transistor was introduced and we can see that every year the count increases in a linear fashion. This is actually amazing because not only is the count of transistors increasing the chips themselves are decreasing in size. This is the result of new materials being used such as silicon and graphene. The amount of transistors that can fit on a single chip is somewhere between 2.5 billion to 3 billion, however if Moore’s law continues to hold true, which history shows that it has, this number is expected to increase in years to come. The progression of technology is really incredible as computers have gone from the size of a large...
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...Assignment 1: Integrated Circuit Technology Year | Transistor Count | Processor Model | 1971 | 2,300 | Intel 4004 | 1972 | 3,500 | Intel 8008 | 1974 | 4,500 | Intel 8080 | 1976 | 6,500 | Intel 8085 | 1978 | 29,000 | Intel 8086 | 1979 | 29,000 | Intel 8088 | 1982 | 55,000 | Intel 80186 | 1982 | 134,000 | Intel 80286 | 1985 | 275,000 | Intel 80386 | 1989 | 1,180,235 | Intel 80486 | 1993 | 3,100,000 | Pentium | 1995 | 5,500,000 | Pentium Pro | 1997 | 7,500,000 | Pentium II | 1999 | 9,500,000 | Pentium III | 2000 | 42,000,000 | Pentium 4 | 2008 | 47,000,000 | Atom | 2002 | 220,000,000 | Itanium 2 McKinley | 2006 | 291,000,000 | Core 2 Duo | 2003 | 410,000,000 | Itanium 2 Madison 6M | 2004 | 592,000,000 | Itanium 2 with 9MB cache | 2008 | 731,000,000 | Core i7 (Quad) | 2011 | 1,160,000,000 | Quad-Core + GPU Core i7 | 2010 | 1,170,000,000 | Six-Core Core i7 (Gulftown) | 2012 | 1,400,000,000 | Quad-Core + GPU Core i7 | 2006 | 1,700,000,000 | Dual-Core Itanium 2 | 2008 | 1,900,000,000 | Six-Core Xeon 7400 | 2010 | 2,000,000,000 | Quad-Core Itanium Tukwila | 2011 | 2,270,000,000 | Six-Core Core i7/8 Core Xeon E5 | 2010 | 2,300,000,000 | 8-Core Xeon Nehalem-EX | 2011 | 2,600,000,000 | 10-Core Xeon Westmere-EX | 2012 | 3,100,000,000 | 8-Core Itanium Poulson | 2012 | 5,000,000,000 | 62-Core Xeon Phi | In 2010, the processor model that was the first to have two billion transistors on its chip was known as the Quad-Core Itanium...
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...Unit 1 Assignment: Integrated Circuit Technology 2) Processor | Transistor count | Date of introduction | Manufacturer | Intel 4004 | 2,300 | 1971 | Intel | Intel 8008 | 3,500 | 1972 | Intel | Intel 8080 | 4,500 | 1974 | Intel | Intel 8085 | 6,500 | 1976 | Intel | Intel 8086 | 29,000 | 1978 | Intel | Intel 8088 | 29,000 | 1979 | Intel | Intel 80286 | 134,000 | 1982 | Intel | Intel 80186 | 55,000 | 1982 | Intel | Intel 80386 | 275,000 | 1985 | Intel | Intel i960 | 250,000 | 1988 | Intel | Intel 80486 | 1,180,235 | 1989 | Intel | Pentium | 3,100,000 | 1993 | Intel | Pentium Pro | 5,500,000 | 1995 | Intel | Pentium II Klamath | 7,500,000 | 1997 | Intel | Pentium II Deschutes | 7,500,000 | 1998 | Intel | Pentium III Katmai | 9,500,000 | 1999 | Intel | Pentium II Mobile Dixon | 27,400,000 | 1999 | Intel | Pentium III Coppermine | 21,000,000 | 2000 | Intel | Pentium 4 Willamette | 42,000,000 | 2000 | Intel | Pentium III Tualatin | 45,000,000 | 2001 | Intel | Pentium 4 Northwood | 55,000,000 | 2002 | Intel | Itanium 2 McKinley | 220,000,000 | 2002 | Intel | Itanium 2 Madison 6M | 410,000,000 | 2003 | Intel | Pentium 4 Prescott | 112,000,000 | 2004 | Intel | Itanium 2 with 9 MB cache | 592,000,000 | 2004 | Intel | Pentium 4 Prescott-2M | 169,000,000 | 2005 | Intel | Pentium 4 Cedar Mill | 184,000,000 | 2006 | Intel | Dual-core Itanium 2 | 1,700,000,000 | 2006 | Intel | Core 2 Duo Conroe | 291,000,000 | 2006 | Intel | Core...
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...Intel Processor Transistor Count | Processor model | Transistor Count | Year | Intel 4004 | 2,300 | 1971 | Intel 8008 | 2,500 | 1972 | Intel 8080 | 4,500 | 1974 | Intel 8085 | 8,500 | 1976 | Intel 8086 | 29,000 | 1978 | Intel 8088 | 29,000 | 1979 | Intel 80186 | 55,000 | 1982 | Intel 286 | 134,000 | 1982 | Intel 386 | 275,000 | 1985 | Intel 486 | 1,200,000 | 1989 | Intel Pentium | 3,100,000 | 1993 | Intel Pentium II | 7,500,000 | 1997 | Intel Pentium III | 9,500,000 | 1999 | Intel Pentium 4 | 42,000,000 | 2000 | Intel Itanium | 25,000,000 | 2001 | Intel Itanium 2 | 220,000,000 | 2003 | Intel Itanium 2 | 592,000,000 | 2004 | Core 2 duo | 291,000,000 | 2006 | Core i7 (quad) | 731,000,000 | 2008 | Quad-core Itanium | 2,000,000,000 | 2010 | Six-Core core i7/8 | 2,270,000,000 | 2011 | 8-Core Itanium | 3,100,000,000 | 2012 | 62-Core Xeon Phi | 5,000,000,000 | 2012 | Six-core Core i7 Ivy Bridge E | 1,860,000,000 | 2013 | Quad-core + GPU Core i7 Haswell | 1,400,000,000[21] | 2014 | 8-core Core i7 Haswell-E | 2,600,000,000[27] | 2014 | 15-core Xeon Ivy Bridge-EX | 4,310,000,000[28] | 2014 | 18-core Xeon Haswell-E5 | 5,560,000,000[29] | 2014 | Duo-core + GPU Core i7 Broadwell-U | 1,900,000,000[23] | 2015 | Computer Processor Historyhttp://www.computerhope.com/history/processor.htmIntel Chips Timelinehttp://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/history/history-intel-chips-timeline-poster.html | I think the growth is going surprisingly...
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... Intel Processor Transistor Count Processor Model Year Transistor Count Intel 4004 1971 2,300 Intel 8008 1972 3,500 Intel 8080 1974 4,500 Intel 8085 1976 6,500 Intel 8086 1978 29,000 Intel 8088 1979 29,000 Intel 80186 1982 55,000 Intel 80286 1982 134,000 Intel 80386 1985 275,000 Intel 80486 1989 1,180,235 Pentium 1993 3,100,000 Pentium Pro 1995 5,500,000 Pentium II 1997 7,500,000 Pentium 4 2000 42,000,000 Itanium 2 McKinley 2002 220,000,000 Itanium 2 Madison 6M 2003 410,000,000 Atom 2008 47,000,000 Itanium 2 with 9MB cache 2004 592,000,000 Dual-Core Itanium 2 2006 1,170,000,000 Core 2 Duo 2006 291,000,000 Core i7 (Quad) 2008 731,000,000 Six-Core Xeon 7400 2008 1,900,000,000 Quad-Core+GPU Core i7 2011 1,160,000,000 Six-Core Core i7 (Gulftown) 2010 1,170,000,000 Quad-Core Itanium Tukwila 2010 2,000,000,000 8-Core Xeon Nahalem-EX 2010 2,300,000,000 Six-Core Core i7/8-Core Xeon E5 2011 2,270,000,000 10-Core Xeon Westmere-EX 2011 2,600,000,000 Quad-Core+GPU Core i7 2012 1,400,000,000 8-Core Itanium Poulson 2012 3,100,000,000 62-Core Xeon Phi 2012 5,000,000,000 Source: Wikipedia August 29, 2013 A History of Microprocessor Transistor Count. Retrieved from www.wagnercg.com Once the transistor was introduced to the processing unit for computers our interactions with information will never...
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...Moore’s Law states that the number of transistors in microprocessors will double every two years. Since the introduction of the personal computer in 1971 the number of transistors in the microprocessors that make up the CPU has roughly followed Moore’s Law. There have been times when it has progressed slightly slower and there have been times that it has progressed slightly faster but overall you could use Moore’s Law as a median average for growth from the first microprocessor to the present. Unfortunately if this growth progresses at this rate it will sooner or later become unviable as a constant. Partially because the fact that current technology is on a trend towards making things smaller so unless we develop quantum transistors then at some time in the future, I would venture that somewhere around 100 trillion transistors (which if Moore’s law continues to be the median average to predict those numbers would be in about 2041) that Moore’s law will become an unmaintainable trend. I personally am a little surprised that to this day Moore’s Law has stayed as the trend as it places a large demand on the makers of computers and other personal electronics to develop new technology to stack and put a lot more processors into the CPU in a relatively short amount of time. The amount of money that has to be poured into the research to do just that has to be enormous. The transistors have to continually get smaller and we have to be able so stack more and more of them without losing...
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...Processor | Transistor count | Date of introduction | Manufacturer | Process | Area | Intel 4004 | 2,300 | 1971 | Intel | 10 µm | 12 mm² | Intel 8008 | 3,500 | 1972 | Intel | 10 µm | 14 mm² | MOS Technology 6502 | 3,510 | 1975 | MOS Technology | | 21 mm² | Motorola 6800 | 4,100 | 1974 | Motorola | | 16 mm² | Intel 8080 | 4,500 | 1974 | Intel | 6 μm | 20 mm² | RCA 1802 | 5,000 | 1974 | RCA | 5 μm | 27 mm² | Intel 8085 | 6,500 | 1976 | Intel | 3 μm | 20 mm² | Zilog Z80 | 8,500 | 1976 | Zilog | 4 μm | 18 mm² | Motorola 6809 | 9,000 | 1978 | Motorola | 5 μm | 21 mm² | Intel 8086 | 29,000 | 1978 | Intel | 3 μm | 33 mm² | Intel 8088 | 29,000 | 1979 | Intel | 3 μm | 33 mm² | Intel 80186 | 55,000 | 1982 | Intel | | | Motorola 68000 | 68,000 | 1979 | Motorola | 4 μm | 44 mm² | Intel 80286 | 134,000 | 1982 | Intel | 1.5 µm | 49 mm² | Intel 80386 | 275,000 | 1985 | Intel | 1.5 µm | 104 mm² | Intel 80486 | 1,180,000 | 1989 | Intel | 1 µm | 160 mm² | Pentium | 3,100,000 | 1993 | Intel | 0.8 µm | 294 mm² | AMD K5 | 4,300,000 | 1996 | AMD | 0.5 µm | | Pentium II | 7,500,000 | 1997 | Intel | 0.35 µm | 195 mm² | AMD K6 | 8,800,000 | 1997 | AMD | 0.35 µm | | Pentium III | 9,500,000 | 1999 | Intel | 0.25 µm | | AMD K6-III | 21,300,000 | 1999 | AMD | 0.25 µm | | AMD K7 | 22,000,000 | 1999 | AMD | 0.25 µm | | Pentium 4 | 42,000,000 | 2000 | Intel | 180 nm | | Atom | 47,000,000 | 2008 | Intel | 45 nm | | Barton | 54,300,000 | 2003 | AMD...
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...A History of Microprocessor Transistor Count 1971 to 2013 Source: Wikipedia, August 29, 2013 Processor Intel 4004 Intel 8008 MOS Technology 6502 Motorola 6800 Intel 8080 RCA 1802 Intel 8085 Zilog Z80 Motorola 6809 ARM 1 ARM 2 Intel 8086 Intel 8088 ARM 6 Intel 80186 Motorola 68000 Intel 80286 Intel 80386 ARM 3 ARM 7 Intel 80486 R4000 Pentium AMD K5 Pentium Pro Pentium II AMD K6 Pentium III Transistor count 2,300 3,500 Date of introduction 1971 1972 3,510[citation needed] 4,100 4,500 5,000 6,500 8,500 9,000 25,000[1] 25,000 29,000 29,000 30,000 55,000 68,000 134,000 275,000 300,000[2] 578977[3] 1,180,235 1,350,000 3,100,000 4,300,000 5,500,000[4] 7,500,000 8,800,000 9,500,000 Manufacturer Process Area Intel Intel 10 µm 10 µm 12 mm² 14 mm² 1975 MOS Technology 8 μm 21 mm² 1974 1974 1974 1976 1976 1978 1985 1986 1978 1979 1991 1982 1979 1982 1985 1989 1994 1989 1991 1993 1996 1995 1997 1997 1999 Motorola Intel RCA Intel Zilog Motorola Acorn Acorn Intel Intel ARM Intel Motorola Intel Intel Acorn ARM Intel MIPS Intel AMD Intel Intel AMD Intel 6 μm 6 μm 5 μm 3 μm 4 μm 5 μm 16 mm² 20 mm² 27 mm² 20 mm² 18 mm² 21 mm² 3 μm 3 μm 33 mm² 33 mm² 3 μm 4 μm 44 mm² 1.5 µm 49 mm² 1.5 µm 104 mm² 68.51 mm² 1 µm 173 mm² 1.0 µm 213 mm² 0.8 µm 294 mm² 0.5 µm 251 mm² 0.5 µm 307 mm² 0.35 µm 195 mm² 0.35 µm...
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...Garrett Jones Unit 1 Assignment 1 Date: 3/20/14 Unit 1 Assignment 1: Integrated Circuit Technology Intel Transistor Table Year | Processor | Transistor Count | 1971 | Intel 4004 | 2,300 | 1972 | Intel 8008 | 3,500 | 1974 | Intel 8080 | 4,500 | 1976 | Intel 8085 | 6,500 | 1978 | Intel 8086 | 29,000 | 1979 | Intel 8088 | 29,000 | 1982 | Intel 80186 | 55,000 | 1982 | Intel 80286 | 134,000 | 1985 | Intel 80386 | 275,000 | 1988 | Intel i960 | 250,000 | 1989 | Intel 80486 | 1,180,235 | 1993 | Pentium | 3,100,000 | 1995 | Pentium Pro | 5,500,000 | 1997 | Pentium II Klamath | 7,500,000 | 1998 | Pentium II Deschutes | 7,500,000 | 1999 | Pentium III Katmai | 9,500,000 | 2000 | Pentium III Coppermine | 21,000,000 | 2000 | Pentium 4 Willamette | 42,000,000 | 2001 | Pentium III Tualatin | 45,000,000 | 2002 | Pentium 4 Northwood | 55,000,000 | 2002 | Itanium 2 McKinley | 220,000,000 | 2003 | Itanium 2 Madison 6M | 410,000,000 | 2004 | Pentium 4 Prescott | 112,000,000 | 2004 | Itanium 2 9MB Cache | 592,000,000 | 2005 | Pentium 4 Prescott-2M | 169,000,000 | 2006 | Dual-Core Itanium 2 | 1,700,000,000 | 2006 | Pentium 4 Cedar Mill | 184,000,000 | 2006 | Core 2 Duo Conroe | 291,000,000 | 2007 | Core 2 Duo Allendale | 169,000,000 | 2007 | Core 2 Duo Wolfdale | 411,000,000 | 2008 | Atom | 47,000,000 | 2008 | Core 2 Duo Wolfdale 3M | 230,000,000 | 2008 | Core i7 Quad Core | 731,000,000 | 2008 | Xeon 7400 Six Core |...
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...A History of Microprocessor Transistor Count 1971 to 2013 Source: Wikipedia, August 29, 2013 Processor Intel 4004 Intel 8008 MOS Technology 6502 Motorola 6800 Intel 8080 RCA 1802 Intel 8085 Zilog Z80 Motorola 6809 ARM 1 ARM 2 Intel 8086 Intel 8088 ARM 6 Intel 80186 Motorola 68000 Intel 80286 Intel 80386 ARM 3 ARM 7 Intel 80486 R4000 Pentium AMD K5 Pentium Pro Pentium II AMD K6 Pentium III Transistor count 2,300 3,500 Date of introduction 1971 1972 3,510[citation needed] 4,100 4,500 5,000 6,500 8,500 9,000 25,000[1] 25,000 29,000 29,000 30,000 55,000 68,000 134,000 275,000 300,000[2] 578977[3] 1,180,235 1,350,000 3,100,000 4,300,000 5,500,000[4] 7,500,000 8,800,000 9,500,000 Manufacturer Process Area Intel Intel 10 µm 10 µm 12 mm² 14 mm² 1975 MOS Technology 8 μm 21 mm² 1974 1974 1974 1976 1976 1978 1985 1986 1978 1979 1991 1982 1979 1982 1985 1989 1994 1989 1991 1993 1996 1995 1997 1997 1999 Motorola Intel RCA Intel Zilog Motorola Acorn Acorn Intel Intel ARM Intel Motorola Intel Intel Acorn ARM Intel MIPS Intel AMD Intel Intel AMD Intel 6 μm 6 μm 5 μm 3 μm 4 μm 5 μm 16 mm² 20 mm² 27 mm² 20 mm² 18 mm² 21 mm² 3 μm 3 μm 33 mm² 33 mm² 3 μm 4 μm 44 mm² 1.5 µm 49 mm² 1.5 µm 104 mm² 68.51 mm² 1 µm 173 mm² 1.0 µm 213 mm² 0.8 µm 294 mm² 0.5 µm 251 mm² 0.5 µm 307 mm² 0.35 µm 195 mm² 0.35 µm...
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...Moore's law is the observation that, over the history of computing hardware, the number of transistors on integrated circuits doubles approximately every two years. The law is named after Intel co-founder Gordon E. Moore, who described the trend in his 1965 paper.[1][2][3] His prediction has proven to be accurate, in part because the law is now used in the semiconductor industry to guide long-term planning and to set targets for research and development.[4] The capabilities of many digital electronic devices are strongly linked to Moore's law: processing speed, memory capacity, sensors and even the number and size of pixels in digital cameras.[5] All of these are improving at (roughly) exponential rates as well (see Other formulations and similar laws). This exponential improvement has dramatically enhanced the impact of digital electronics in nearly every segment of the world economy.[6] Moore's law describes a driving force of technological and social change in the late 20th and early 21st centuries.[7][8] The period often quoted as "18 months" is due to Intel executive David House, who predicted that period for a doubling in chip performance (being a combination of the effect of more transistors and their being faster).[9] Although this trend has continued for more than half a century, Moore's law should be considered an observation or conjecture and not a physical or natural law. Sources in 2005 expected it to continue until at least 2015 or 2020.[note 1][11] However, the...
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...Processor Model Year Transistor Count Intel 4004 1971 2,300 Intel 8008 1972 2,500 Intel 8080 1974 4,500 Intel 8085 1976 8,500 Intel 8086 1978 29,000 Intel 8088 1979 29,000 Intel 80186 1982 55,000 Intel 286 1982 134,000 Intel 386 1985 275,000 Intel 486 1989 1,200,000 Intel Pentium I 1993 3,100,000 Intel Pentium II 1997 7,500,000 Intel Pentium III 1999 9,500,000 Intel Pentium 4 2000 42,000,000 Intel Itanium 2001 25,000,000 Intel Itanium 2 2003 220,000,000 Intel Itanium 2 (9MB Cache) 2004 592,000,000 Core 2 Duo 2006 291,000,000 Core i7 (quad) 2008 731,000,000 Quad-core Itanium 2010 2,000,000,000 Six-Core i7/8 2011 2,270,000,000 8-Core Itanium 2012 3,100,000,000 62-Core Xeon Phi 2010 5,000,000,000 The processor chip to hold 2 billion transistors is the Intel Itanium 9300 Processor announced February 8, 2010. The growth is reasonable, computing power has grown every few years and will continue to rise in the future just as it has done since its first Intel Processor in 1971. My opinion on the growth moving fast or slow I would say it’s moving very fast every two years a new processor is out and technology is evolving with it every day. Reaching 100 billion even a trillion transistors will probably be around 2022 since looking at history every chip doubles every two years. References:...
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...------------------------------------------------- This study argues that patents explain the extent of innovation between incumbent firms and new entrants in the hearing aid industry. In the year 1953 the transistor was introduced to the hearing aid industry, the knowledge behind the transistor was free of charge and open to every firm. This had a huge impact on the innovative activity of incumbent firms and new entrant in the hearing aid industry. 1. Introduction Inventions throughout the history prove their economic value each and every time (Maclaurin, 1953). In the year 1920 a scientist named Earl C. Hansen invents and patents the first vacuum tube hearing aid. The vacuum tubes are very big of size, which made it not easy to carry. With the arrival of the transistor invented by the American firm Bell Labs in 1948 it was possible to minimize the size, it requires much less energy input, and it was more durable in application of the hearing aid (Nelson, 1962). In the early 1950’s the transistor hearing aids were introduced, at the same time they also began replacing the vacuum tube hearings aids. The smaller transistor size and the lower battery voltage requirements made it possible to have a remarkable miniaturization in hearing devices. In 1956 Bell labs was forced to license the patent of transistors free of charge. This resulted to free access to the architectural invention for all firms in the hearing aid industry. There are different kinds of innovations. Incremental...
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...DEVELOPMENT OF COMPUTER THECHNOLOGY INTRODUCTION Computers are the most complex machine that have ever been created. Very few people really knows how they work. The simplest computer described consists mainly of a processor and main memory. Though most explanation of how computers work are a lot of analogies or required a background in electrical engineering. In this book we are going to describe the development of computer. The earlier computers are very big in size. Even its operation is not possible for one person. History of Computer Even before humans could read and write, they need to count. First they use their fingers to count but when they needed to count,...
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