...[CCNA] Cisco Commands Cheat Sheet #1 CCNA RnS, Cisco, Network September 16, 2013 Comments: 13 In this serie of 4-5 posts, we’ll try to create a simple Cisco Commands Cheat Sheet as a reference for CCNA students. * Cisco Commands Cheat Sheet #2 * Cisco Commands Cheat Sheet #3 * Cisco Commands Cheat Sheet #4 * Cisco Commands Cheat Sheet #5 Router Modes: * Router>: User mode = Limited to basic monitoring commands * Router#: Privileged mode (exec-level mode) = Provides access to all other router commands * Router(config)#: global configuration mode = Commands that affect the entire system * Router(config-if)#: interface mode = Commands that affect interfaces * Router(config-subif)#: subinterface mode = Commands that affect subinterfaces * Router(config-line)#: line mode = Commands that affect in lines modes (console, vty, aux…) * Router(config-router)#: router configuration mode Changing switch hostname: Switch(config)# hostname SW1 Configuring passwords: SW1(config)# enable secret cisco ! MD5 hash SW1(config)# enable password notcisco ! Clear text Securing console port: SW1(config)# line con 0 SW1(config-line)# password cisco SW1(config-line)# login Securing terminal lines: SW1(config)# line vty 0 4 SW1(config-line)# password cisco SW1(config-line)# login Encrypting passwords: SW1(config)#...
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...The History of IPv4 And Beginning of IPv6 Mathew J. Jones ITT Technical Institute IPv6 is the future of Internet Protocol, but first, it is important to recognize and identify IPv4 and talk a little about its history. The history of IPv6 is also something that needs to be discussed as even though it has not been implemented yet, it does have a brief history. Also, we can compare and contrast the two Internet Protocols with the advantages and disadvantages of both. There will also be mention of DHCP, and how DHCP servers can be configured to use IPv6. First, it is important to talk about the history of IPv4, but first IP’s, or Internet Protocol, main principle is routing network packets. This essentially creates internetworking, which establishes the Internet. In IP, or at the IP level, the main task is to deliver packets from the host to the destination host. But to do this the host and the destination host needs an address, and this is where IPv4 (and later IPv6) comes into play. IPv4 was then created to hand this, “In the 1980s, when the Internet went live to the public, IPv4 was the fourth revision of Internet Protocol, and the first offered to the public. IPv4 is the general standard of delivery of information between devices connected to the Internet.” (Dooly, 2013) After this, the Department of Defense eventually took on IPv4 as it’s own preferred method. It became the universal method of addressing of the world. IPv4 uses a 32-bit address of numbers and...
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...Router Passwords Step 4. Configure the router to require a password of ciscopress when connecting through the console. To do so, start by issuing the line con 0 configuration command, which moves you to console line configuration mode. What does the command prompt look like after using this command? The command line now says: Router(config-line)# Step 11. Press Enter. Does the router prompt you for a password? Does the password ciscopress work? Yes and yes Step 12. Use the enable command to move from user mode to enable mode. Which of the two passwords (fred or barney) works? Which configuration command did you use to con- figure that password? Barney was the password that worked, and enable secret barney Lab 10: Configuring Router IP Settings Step 4. Use the show ip interface brief command to view all interfaces. Which interfaces have an IP address configured? What are the addresses and the corresponding masks? None of the interfaces have an IP address configured Step 10. Use the show ip interface brief command to view all interfaces. Is the router’s Fa0/0 IP address now listed? What is the IP address? Yes the IP address is now listed. The IP address is 10.1.1.4 Step 11. Confirm that R1’s Fa0/0 interface is working by pinging PC1 (10.1.1.1). Did the command output imply that R1 can send packets to and from PC1? Yes it implies that R1 can send packets Lab 22: Terminal History Step 5. Press Up Arrow again to bring up your show ip route connected command...
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...Analyses of Industry International Paper Company (IP) is one of the world’s largest manufacturers of paper and paper products. Their products include a wide variety of paper products, consumer packaging materials, industrial packaging materials, and pulp products. In addition, IP collects and recycles recovered paper. History IP began in 1898 as a merger of 17 pulp and paper mills from Massachusetts to New York. IP led the newsprint industry until 1913, when trade regulations revised to promote Canadian imports and later, in 1921, labor conflicts within IP contributed to a decline in IP’s market share. However, IP rallied by creating a Canadian subsidiary, expanding into the South by acquiring and building new mills, consolidating its northern operations, and diversifying its product line from primarily newsprint, to book and bond products, and later, corrugated containers. This diversification aided IP in surviving the Great Depression, and continued through the 1930’s. IP continued to reap profits and expand the company through the 50’s and 60’s, into North American and overseas, eventually expanding into places such as French West Indies, Mexico, and France. The 1970’s found IP divesting itself of several plants and mills, and in 1976, J. Stanford Smith, facilitated a major company reorganization revised the geographic area divisions into business units dedicated to a specific function or product. Over the next twenty years, IP proceeded to make significant capital changes...
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...the product because then I would not know if it is safe or not. Lab 3.1 Review 1 1. Why would a three- layer model of communication that has the layers physical, network, and application be insufficient to adequately describe network communication? 2. What is the history of the OSI reference model? How did it come about and why was it created? ` 3. What is the history of the TCP/ IP model? Why was it created? TCP/IP has two different names that come from. These key protocols two are usually considered the most important. The internet Protocol is the primary OSI network layer protocol that provides addressing, Datagram routing and other functions in a network. They were developed together with TCP/IP providing the mechanism for implanting the internet. Lab 3.2 the OSI Reference Model 3.2.1 Using Figure 3- 1, define each layer of the OSI model in your own words and state what each layer provides. Use your textbook or Internet research to support your answer. 1. Physical: Physical parts that communicate and energy over those parts. 2. Data Link: Rules about when to use physical links: addressing specific to the physical links. 3. Network: Logical addressing routing. 4. Transport: Communicates functions useful to apps, but likely useful to many app. 5. Session: The...
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...should be obtained via the 3GPP Organisational Partners' Publications Offices. 3GPP Postal address 3GPP support office address 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis Valbonne - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Internet http://www.3gpp.org Keywords UMTS, radio Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. © 2002, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, CWTS, ETSI, T1, TTA, TTC). All rights reserved. Contents 1 Scope 5 2 References 5 3 Abbreviations 6 4 Data Link Layer 7 4.1 ATM Transport Option 7 4.2 IP Transport Option 7 5 RNSAP Signalling Bearer 7 5.1 Introduction 7 5.2 Signalling Bearer 8 5.2.1 ATM Option 1 8 5.2.2 ATM Option 2 8 5.2.3 IP Transport Option 9 5.3 Services Provided by the Signalling Bearer 9 Annex A (informative): Change history 10 Foreword This...
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...Operating and Configuring a Cisco IOS Device Lab Assignment SwitchAA> SwitchAA>? Exec commands: access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry clear Reset functions connect Open a terminal connection crypto Encryption related commands. disable Turn off privileged commands disconnect Disconnect an existing network connection enable Turn on privileged commands exit Exit from the EXEC help Description of the interactive help system lock Lock the terminal login Log in as a particular user logout Exit from the EXEC name-connection Name an existing network connection ping Send echo messages rcommand Run command on remote switch resume Resume an active network connection set Set system parameter (not config) show Show running system information ssh Open a secure shell client connection systat Display information about terminal lines telnet Open a telnet connection terminal Set terminal line parameters traceroute Trace route to destination tunnel Open a tunnel connection where List active connections SwitchAA>enable Password: SwitchAA#? Exec commands: access-enable Create a temporary Access-List entry access-template Create a temporary Access-List...
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...Chinese Law The legal history of china started with the Tang Code that was invented around 619 AD to 906, it contained a structure of laws for punishments and crimes but this code was very much a militarist law code seeing the historical time of that era was militarist in nature. It has subsequently been developing and advancing the rules which were seen in the in the Qin Dynasty which was in 221-206 BC which gave in an insight into a structured and advanced legal system. China has culturally been at the centre of many western studies because so much of china has remained unknown to the rest of the western world. This was brought up subsequently studying Chinese law and being asked ‘what is china and what is your image and view of these people’. This question given by Mr Ken Shao showed the class that none of the students had any idea of what china really was. In one instance there was an image of a traditional family and on the other a communist militarist dictatorship, this was only because there was very little information on China and that China was very much the unknown to many countries. The history of China is shown to display that this country has been a highly progressive country within the scope of law but also being one of the slowest countries to implement Intellectual Property Law which has sparked an interest into where the progression in the legal system relating to Intellectual Property Law went into disrepute and the arrival of Intellectual Property Law within...
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...How did he set up REVE Systems 4 Specialization of REVE Systems 4 Target customers 4 Competition in the industry 4 Choosing IT Sector 4 History of his company 5 Working environment in REVE Systems 5 M Rezaul Hassan advice to the budding entrepreneurs in Bangladesh 5 References 6 Introduction M Rezaul Hassan is the founder CEO of REVE Systems. Under his leadership, REVE Systems has become the leading software and solutions provider in IP communications domain. REVE Systems was awarded with the Red Herring’s Top 100 Global Company in 2012. REVE Systems is headquartered in Singapore, has software development facilities in Dhaka and New Delhi and offices in the UK and the USA. Right now, REVE Systems has 2000 plus carriers from more than 75 countries as their customer. Profile Mr Rezaul Hassan is the CEO of REVE Systems. He founded this company in 2003 after working in the IT/ Telecom industry for many years. As the founding CEO, Hassan, along with a dedicated team of colleagues, has helped to build REVE Systems into a major solution provider in the VoIP industry. Under his leadership, the company has expanded its footprint globally. He played a key role in the development of good customer relationships, ensuring flexibility in response to an increasingly demanding marketplace. An engineering graduate, Mr. Hassan earned an MBA from IBA, University of Dhaka. He is recognized as an expert in the IP communications space and...
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...(CPU) uses RAM like people g ( ) p p use notepad Stores binary value so can use it later Can read data from RAM to recall value stored earlier CPU sends electrical signal over bus (electrical pathway) to communicate with RAM 4 Random Access Memory (RAM) (cont.) RAM uses address for each unique memory location where byte can be stored To write to RAM: CPU sends signal to RAM over the bus g to write (store) value into byte of RAM Address in RAM Value to be written To read from RAM: CPU uses similar process (see example in Figure 1-3 on next slide) 5 CPU Reads Byte 4 from RAM The CPU uses the same bus to read the current value of a byte in RAM as it does to send a message to RAM. The read request lists the address of the particular byte, asking for its value. RAM returns the binary value stored at that address. CPU Reads Byte 4 from RAM 6 Figure 1-3 Writing Individual Bits in Byte 4 of RAM RAM circuitry sends a slightly different electrical input to the bits that need to store a 1 versus a 0 to control the capacitors . Essentially, RAM chooses one of two inputs to each bit, which results in either a full or partial charge in the capacitor, which in turn represents either a 1 or 0, respectively. Writing Individual Bits in Byte 4 of RAM 7 Figure 1-4 Converting Binary...
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...INTRUSION DETECTION AND PREVENTION SYSTEM: CGI ATTACKS A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of Computer Science San José State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science by Tejinder Aulakh December 2009 © 2009 Tejinder Aulakh ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ii SAN JOSÉ STATE UNIVERSITY The Undersigned Project Committee Approves the Project Titled INTRUSION DETECTION AND PREVENTION SYSTEM: CGI ATTACKS by Tejinder Aulakh APPROVED FOR THE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE Dr. Mark Stamp, Department of Computer Science Date Dr. Robert Chun, Department of Computer Science Date Ms. Sunitha Thummuri, Cisco Systems Date APPROVED FOR THE UNIVERSITY Associate Dean Office of Graduate Studies and Research Date iii ABSTRACT INTRUSION DETECTION AND PREVENTION SYSTEM: CGI ATTACKS by Tejinder Aulakh Over the past decade, the popularity of the Internet has been on the rise. The Internet is being used by its clients to access both static and dynamic data residing on remote servers. In the client-server interaction, the client asks the server to provide information, and, in addition, the server may also request that clients provide information such as in “web forms.” Therefore, the Internet is being used for many different purposes which also include the web servers collecting the information from the clients. Consequently, attacks on the web servers have been increasing over the years. Due to the fact that web servers are now...
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...[pic] TITLE: Legacy MS Domain Step 1 DATE: February 4, 2002 SOURCE: |Serge Manning |[pic] [pic] | |15405 College Blvd. | | |Lenexa, KS 66219 | | |Phone: 913-890-4253 | | |Email: smanni05@sprintspectrum.com | | ABSTRACT: This contribution proposes a fresh document as a starting point for development of the LMSD that leverages existing published standards whenever possible. It is applicable to Step 1 of the LMSD. RECOMMENDATION: Discuss and adopt as the foundation for N.P0023/PN-4934. | | | |[pic] | | TSG-N TR-45.2 N.P0023 PN-4934 (to be published as TIA/EIA/IS-872) Chair: Betsy Kidwell Chair: Terry Watts Lucent Technologies SBC Technology Resources 263...
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...Contents: Page No. 1. Introduction 3 2. Company Overview 3 3. Services offered by Legato. 4 4. Software used by Legato (CosmoCall Universe™ from CosmoCom™) 4 5. CosmoCom™ -Legato strategic Alliance 5 6. CosmoCall Universe™ Features 5 • Multi-Channel ACD with Universal Queuing (UQ) 5 Phone Calls (traditional ACD) Videophone Calls Email Web Calls (chat, voice, video, collaboration) • Interactive Voice and Video Response (IVR, IVVR) 6 • Interaction History 6 • Outbound Dialing 6 • Recording and Quality Monitoring 7 • Integration Capabilities 8 • Reporting 8 • Agent Interface 8 • Supervisor Interface 9 7. Advantages of CosmoCall Universe™ 9 8. Architecture Overview of CosmoCall Universe™ 11 9. Selected partners of CosmoCom™ 11 10. Different Awards won by CosmoCall Universe™ 11 11. Why did the company choose this system 13 12. How the system was implemented 14 13. Issues faced by Legato due to CosmoCall Universe™ 14 14. Recommendation for Legato 15 15. Conclusion 15 16. References 16 Introduction: Businesses are outsourcing their services to different corners of the globe these days in order to cut down on costs. Most foreign countries are outsourcing their services to countries where the minimum wage is low. India is recognized as one of the leading countries when it comes to the...
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...Kenneth Williams NT2640 LAB2 Setting Router Password Step 4 Router(config-line)# Step 11 Yes it ask for a password and it work with clscopress Step 12 Barney works Config router ip Step 4 It says unassigned Step 10 The ip is 10.1.1.4 Step 11 Yes it did Config SSH Step 4 R1 config-line # Step 7 Config-line now I am in config Step 11 It connect me to R2 user command Terminal history Step 5 It shows 192.168.54.0/29, 3 subnets/192.168.54.64.[120/1] via 192.168.54.34, 00:45:35 Step 6 I see 5 commands I put in Step 8 I see two commands Rebuild a config Step 2 Ip 10.22.1.1, 255.255.0.0,hostname clock rate 1536000, password ciscopress, router config 10.0.0.0,its shutdown on each Step 3 Yes the ping worked Step 4 No it didn’t work Step 5 No it didn’t work Step 6 Yes it did work SSH and Telnet Step 1 10.21.1.1,10.23.2.2,10.21.1.254,10.23.2.254,10.21.0.1,10.23.0.2 Step 2 Yes for use no for enable mode Step 3 SSh and telnet Step 4 Step command incomplete Basic router config I can not find this lab on here. Switch and router security Step 2 No not any subcommand showed up Step 3 No the same happened here Subnetting lab 3 Step 1 I have no clue Step 9 No it does not...
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...TO A MODEL? A. APPLICATION LAYER, PRESENTATION LAYER, SESSION LAYER, TRANSPORT LAYER, DATA LINK LAYER AND PHYSICAL LAYER. 3.1.4 – WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF A MODEL IS TOO GENERAL? TOO GRANULAR? A. THE MODEL WOULD NOT BE FLEXIBLE IF TOO GENERAL; IF TOO GRANULAR, A LOAD IMBALANCE WOULD OCCUR. 3.1 REVIEW – 1. WHY WOULD A 3-LAYER MODEL OF COMMUNICATION THAT HAS THE LAYERS PHYSICAL, NETWORK AND APPLICATIONS BE INSUFFICIENT TO ADEQUATELY DESCRIBE NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS? A. THE 7-LAYER COMMUNICATION MODEL WAS TESTED AND SUCCESSFULLY PROVEN TO WORK. IF A LAYER IS MISSING THE MODEL WILL NOT WORK PROPERLY. 2. WHAT IS THE HISTORY OF THE OSI REFERENCE MODEL? A. TO SERVE AS THE FOUNDATION OF THE ESTABLISHED WIDELY ADOPTED SUITE OF PROTOCOLS THAT ARE USED BY INTERNATIONAL INTERNETWORKS. 3. WHAT IS THE HISTORY OF THE TCP/IP MODEL? A. BOTH DEVELOPED TOGETHER (INTERNET AND TCP/IP) AND PROVIDED THE STANDARD FOR IMPLEMENTING THE INTERNET AND CONTINUES TO ENVOLVE MEETING STANDARDS BY THE INTERNET AND PRIVATE NETWORKS. 3.2.1 – DEFINE EACH LAYER OF THE OSI MODEL. A. PHYSICAL LAYER – THE PHYSICAL TRANSMISSION OF BITS – PROVIDES ELECTRICAL, MECHANICAL AND PROCEDURAL INTERFACE TO TRANSMITTED DATA. DATA...
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