...other human beings just because they own them. It began when masters started setting laws for the master/slave relationship. Which of course did not go in slaves favour? Masters use to abuse, murder, torture, treatment inhumane way, prostitution and many more. Slaves had no choice but to accept all these inhumane behaviors or they can always free themselves by paying the master the amount the master purchased them. This was impossible because slaves did not earn money for the tasks they had to perform. In my essay, I will be discussing two opposing views of the relationship that took place between the master and the slave. It will present if slaves really deserved to be treated in this kind of inhumane manner, or maybe they should have been treated as human beings not necessarily as equal to normal citizens. 1. In the source given below, it describes the inhumane treatment slaves suffered from their masters. Vadius pollio, an equestrian and a good friend of the emperor made sure that slaves would face the most inhumane death a person could ever face. Pollio would dash the slave in a pond full of lamprey eels, in which case the slave would be torn into piece within minutes. Shelton, J. (1998). As the romans did, a sourcebook in roman social history. (2nd ed. ed.). New York : Oxford University Press, USA. Pliny the Elder, Natural History 9.39.77 page 174 2. One of the most frustrating laws slaves had to deal with in Rome, stated if any of the slaves betrays his/her master;...
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...stricter gun laws? Did you know that only in 2011 there were 11,101 people killed by an irresponsible gun owner? Yes, the irresponsibility of gun owner have caused an immense impact in society, based in The International Firearm Injury Prevention and Policy Organization, just since January of 2013 there has been 8,534 cases of people killed by a gun. In fact, to prevent more deaths due to irresponsible gun owners the government of the USA should certainly pass stricter gun laws because it can prevent deaths, it can reduce crimes, and it can make America a better and a safer place to live. There are many reasons for the government to pass stricter gun laws. A perfect example is the shooting that took place in a movie theater in Aurora, Colorado. James Egan Holmes killed twelve innocent people and at least 59 were injured with an AR-15 assault rifle, a shotgun, and a 40- caliber hand gun. These kinds of incidents could be prevented if the government would pass much harsh and stricter gun laws, so that not anyone could obtain a gun so easy. Throughout the country many people are afraid, because of how easy it is for someone to obtain a firearm. These people have all the right to be insecure, but parents are the ones who are most perturbed, and this is due to the school shooting in Connecticut. Adam Lanza killed himself after killing 20 small children and six adults in an elementary school with two 9mm pistols, police officers confirm that Adam had a history of mental illness...
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...culture can become a problem. This becomes an issue that is more than just fundamentals. For a worldwide view, factors have to be considered in order to be successful. This factor would be culture. Cultural views and expectations are crucial in business. Westerner marketers have to come with the knowledge of awareness to the background of the culture, and in which the world they live in. This is the ability that can affect business ethics. USA and China have different ethical behaviors in the way they conduct business. The USA foundation of ethics is based on the origins of Puritan’s. They tend to be based on a foundation of traditional Judeo-Christian and Western socio theological laws and principles (Iseberg, S. 1999). This system is biblical in ethics and morality. Society is based on sovereign authority of moral, that being God. God as the sovereign, declared what was right and what was wrong. This was the bases on the development of providing a legal guideline for moral in a society. Philosophers focused on “natural law”, this produced a person’s “inalienable rights”. Founders identified the three basic rules,...
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...where policy alternatives are discussed, debated, agreed on and then disagreed on. The third phase is policy adoption, where a policy alternative officially becomes a public policy due to our government adopting it. The next phase is the policy implementation phase, which is where the public policies that are adopted in the previous stage are put into operation. The fifth and final stage is the policy evaluation stage where the policy goes through an evaluation stage (effectiveness, efficiency, adequacy, and equity). The USA Patriot Act is just one of many polices that have been passed by our government that has caused great controversy amongst the people. The USA Patriot Act is an act that was signed on October 26, 2011 by former president George W. Bush (George W. Bush Signs the Patriot Act). USA Patriot is an acronym that stands for Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (USA Patriot Act). This act came in response to the September 11 terrorist attacks that left America pushing for our government to do that would prevent future terrorist attacks on our nation. The primary author of this bill was Assistant Attorney General Viet Dinh and was introduced to Congress by Republican Representative Jim Sensenbrenner (Grabianowski). The main goal of the Patriot Act is to prevent, deter and eventually punish any terrorist, including domestic, acts not only in the United States but...
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...America has not worried much about self-defense or in this case homeland security. Due to the actions on September 11th homeland security has been the main goal of many politicians and voters. Homeland security builds coalitions and partnerships, protects civil rights and civil liberties, and develops human capital. History The foundations and principles of homeland security are rooted deeply in American history. The preamble of the Constitution, as written by Governor Morris (1776), references the need to “insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense”, which are basic tenets of homeland security. Prior to the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) in 2002, the vehicle used to insure this tranquility and common defense was the U.S. military. Three factors have significantly contributed to the development of this field: Executive Orders, legislation enacted in the wake of 9/11, and bringing the mission of ensuring domestic safety of United States personnel and assets under the aegis of one unified agency: the U.S. Department of Homeland Security. Executive Orders have long been a method for a President to de facto create law or further define the powers of the Executive branch. The first Presidential proclamation issued in response to domestic unrest was the suspension of the writ of habeas corpus, done by President Abraham Lincoln on April 27, 1861. This influential proclamation would...
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...Why Cannot The USA Have a Stricter Gun Control? The 44th president of the United States of America, Barack Obama, wants to apply more gun control in the states. He has on several occasions indicated his opinion against firearms and crimes committed with firearms. Obama said after the Sandy Hook Elementary School tragedy, “We won’t be able to stop every violent act, but if there is even one thing that we can do to prevent any of these events, we have a deep obligation, all of us, to try.” (McDonough 2012) Usually the American citizens agree with their president, but never before has one presidential opinion created so much outcry. In my research paper, I will look at why the American citizens cannot agree with their president. 47 American states have turned against their recently re-elected president’s opinion on gun control. How can the opinions of a democratically elected president offend so many American citizens? Eric Reed of Texas is encouraging Americans to rally against their president in the “Guns Across America” association. He felt offended by the president when Obama expressed his wish to ban assault rifles. He said to the New York Times: “He’s essentially restricting and punishing all law-abiding American citizens. He’s taking people who have never committed a crime in their lives and he’s trying to tell them that these guns are ‘assault weapons.’ Well, I’ve got guns in my home. If they’re ‘assault weapons,’ then mine must be defective because they haven’t assaulted...
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...History Essays American Congress The American Congress is one of the three arms of the American Government. The other arms of the Government include the Executive headed by the American President who is elected on a four-year term that is eligible for the re-election. The third arm is the Judiciary that adjudicates the policy process as well as interprets the US Constitution. The US Congress that is the core of the legislative arm of the American Government has a long history tracing back to over 200 years since the establishment of the USA. The revolution of the 1776 gave the American s an opportunity to provide the legal framework that would steer them to their management of their public affairs. It traces to the 13 North American States that were colonies of the British who after intense effort had managed to declare their independence in the famous Declaration of Independence that followed the birth of the USA in 1776. The USA constitution was a document that was written basing on the colonial experience that they had under the British since the discovery of America and the establishment of the plantation agriculture in the 16th century. After frantic efforts, the 13 colonies went ahead to have a unilateral declaration of their independence from Britain. Today, the USA is the model of an ideal democratic outlook of the modern times. The USA Constitution for which legalizes the presence of the Congress has become the model of the modern democracy. It has withstood the test...
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...impression on Eastern and Western civilization as we know it today At the height of the Roman Empire it had close to nineteen provinces stretching as far as Syria. "The simple mention of the Roman Empire is sometimes enough to conjure up an image of something that is immensely stable." Roman's had an emperor which ultimately controlled everything. As same to the Han dynasty the emperor came to power with no regards to the law. The Roman empire had a different way to govern a provinces and a cities. they had some freedom on running their government but always had to pay tax and had to take command from a assigned governor. Then Han dynasty like the Roman's used their military power to take over their land. At the height of the Han dynasty they had thirty-one districts, creating law, currency, a weight system and a measurement system. These systems where to overtake old ones in all of the China. This did not go as well as the Romans approach. The Roman empire took control of areas but did not try and change their culture as much. They still had their own law, taxes and leaders put into effect. But there was more freedom in a sense. One of the major differences is the time spent at war. "One calculation puts the number of wars between the major states between 656 and 221 b.c.e. at 256."This is also a big factor in the decline of both the Roman empire and the Han dynasty. In the Han/Qin rule, warriors had a want to go to war because they would...
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...Economic Terms and Health Care History HCS 440 December 19, 2011 Lori Geddes Economic Terms and Health Care History This summary will show the history and evolution of health care economics. The readers will also get a timeline of health care funding. Once you have read everything the summary shows you then you will have an insight to economical terms can help to understand the history and the timeline the terms are going to be: Economics, supply and demand, microeconomics, macroeconomics, elasticity, inelasticity, and gross domestic product. With these words this will show you about economics in the health care history. Once the American Medical Association (AMA) was founded healthcare was just getting off the ground with hospitals and doctors (American Medical Association, 2011). During this time doctors would see patients on a bartering system. The doctors at this time would make house calls and for the services they gave to the patients the patient at this time would give the doctor goods. The supply and demand at that time would be food, and anything that the people would not have. During this time they would pay with cooked meals, animals, things that they made, and their time such as working for the doctor however he wanted them to. During the time frame of 1901 to 1940’s healthcare and medicine took made great improvement. Medicine and hospitals became very important at this time. President Truman proposed a national health care plan, but it was shot out of...
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...information can be found on the internet by almost anyone unless it is well protected. These laws help protect personal information from unauthorized users. Additionally, it gives the person providing the information certain rights. Each of the following laws have been enacted to provide protection of a person’s private information from unauthorized access. The first law is the Privacy Act of 1974 (PA74). This requires an agency to obtain written permission from the individual providing the information before sharing it with another agency. It is also the right of an individual to access their own information for review and changes, and they may also determine what records pertaining to them are collected, maintained, used or distributed. There are exceptions that allow access to personal records and include law enforcement with a need to know, investigations, or administrative purposes just to name a few. An organization that may use the PA74 would be medical personnel when collecting medical information that will be recorded in a system of records. Another law enacted in 1986 is the Electronic Communications Privacy Act (ECPA). This applies more directly with electronic storage including protection of communications during transport from sender to receiver, electronically stored information, and restricting how the government is allowed to collect information during investigations. When law officials record by phone, collect computer data or monitor any other electronic device...
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...introduced. These groups cite the constitution in the USA, which forms the foundation of all political decisions; if a proposed law is found to go against the constitution, it is rejected. Supporters of a codified constitution for the UK say that this will give citizens inalienable rights which cannot easily be manipulated or even overturned by the government. A constitution is based around a general consensus of what people should be able to do or not do. Constitutional agreement forms the foundations of the concept of a rule of law. In the USA, their written constitution means that the relationship between citizens and the law is clearly defined. If a constitutional law is violated, there can be no debate over it. This means that the law has more authority in the land. However, in the UK, there is not one legal standard of our constitution and thus whether or not it was violated can be questioned. This can potentially lead to a moving of the goalposts – if the constitution is not entrenched, it is easy to change. Therefore it is impossible to hold everyone to the same standard even though the rule of law states that everyone is bound by it, because the government can essentially do what it likes in terms of manipulating or changing the constitution to fit its views. Some may argue that this makes a mockery of legal authority. Because the terms of the UK constitution are not defined, it means that unlike the USA, we have no official separation of powers. In America both...
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...The Traitorous Tyco Scandal: Sentencing of L. Dennis Kozlowski and Mark Swartz Business Law 447-A Written By: Lindsey Proffitt White collar crime is not a victimless crime, and affects many people. These crimes can devastate a company, force investors to lose billions of dollars, and destroy people’s life savings. Through L. Dennis Kozlowski’s and Mark Swartz’s scandal reported in 2002, the Tyco Company lost over $28 billion dollars in debt. However, the biggest lash came to its shareholders who lost over $90 billion. The Tyco two were tried and found guilty in 2005, and are currently serving a 25- year- sentence. Crime never pays and it is only a matter of time before one is caught. The damage done affects all people involved including the innocent families of the victims and criminals. These two may not have ruined the company, but they ruined themselves. The question is was it worth it? Partners in Crime: The Tyco Threesome When people think of criminals; they tend to stereotype this to involve thugs and the lower class. However, this is not always the case. Participants of the privileged society are also capable of criminal behavior, but usually in a more complex manner. One of the more popular high society crimes involves business scandals and is termed “white-collar.” These crimes stem from greedy business and government professionals who become financially motivated to commit a nonviolent work related crime that usually includes hoarding large amounts of money...
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...Correctional systems Essay topics * Winston Church once said: “We shape buildings, and then the buildings shape us.” Compare the architecture and management styles engendered by Jeremy Bentham and the Panopticon and modern campus style prisons * Should the same “Duty of Care” obligations for a Prison Officer be imposed on a Community Corrections Officer managing an offender in the community? Defend your answer. * Is there a case for the re-introduction of Capital Punishment? Defend your answer. * Should Prison Officers have greater disciplinary powers to control prisoner Behaviour? Defend your answer * Should prisoner classification be based on categories of crime, or is placement by individual case merit more effective? Defend your stance by argument and example. * Is there a case for privately run prisons, or should the government re-claim those prisons currently in private hands. Analyze and defend your position. * Is there a case for the number of categories of offences eligible for a home detention sentence to be increased? Analyze and defend your answer. * Should prisoners be forced to pay for their time in custody? Should there be a sliding scale of repayment? Defend your answer. Reading List Attached is a sample of materials “out there.” I encourage you to look at the range of e-books now available though Sage publications and Blackwell’s which you can access through the Library for 2012 editions Criminal...
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...World History since 1945 Truman Doctrine The doctrine is named after the then-president Harry Truman. The speech made by the president before Congress in 1947 gave birth to the doctrine. The reason President Truman made the speech was because Britain had announced that they will no longer support the Greek government economically and military wise. Through the doctrine, the government of United States of America (USA) promised to provide political, army and economic aid to all democratic countries under threat from authoritarian powers. It further outlined the change in the USA foreign policy from its usual withdrawal stance from regional conflicts not directly touching on the country, to one of intervention in conflict all over the world. The doctrine also promised to help Turkey and Greece economically and through military actions against the communists this after Britain announced that they would be withdrawing their support. These countries were to receive $400,000,000 aid. The doctrine contents were justified by the need to help free people in their fight against totalitarian rule which would undermine international peace and hence affect the security of the USA (Jones, 36). NSC-68 The National Security Council Paper NSC-68 was a top secret report meant to confront the treat the hostile design of the Soviet Union had on the USA. The report banned the regeneration of US isolationism arguing that it will result in Soviet Union supremacy of Eurasia, and leave the USA stranded...
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...Reinstatement Of the Death penalty 2/6/2016 On the issue of death penalty the suggestions and thinking of justice Marshall and Brennan, that the death penalty is unconstitutional. After this decision the court has decide to leave the decision on the states to make their laws on the issue of capital punishment. Now advocates are trying to make new laws to end the autocracy and 35 states including Florida they enact the new laws of death penalty. Death penalty was imposed by Supreme Court in 1976 with some reforms which were come from all the states. They provide some guidelines for judge & jury on which behalf death penalty should impose. The guidelines were accepted in 1976 by supreme court in in Gregg v. Georgia (428 U.S. 153), Jurek v. Texas (428 U.S. 262), and Proffitt v. Florida (428 U.S. 242) and commonly this decision is known as Gregg decision. This death penalty decision is imposed or we can say reinstated first on Florida, Georgia & Texas. It came under the 8th amendments of the constitution. Under these reforms there were three procedures which is going to follow every time when someone came under death penalty. First bifurcated trials happened in which there is separate comment for the guilt and number of phases of the trial. Then after it second one is to see whether the crime require death penalty or lesser punishment. Last reform is to review convictions and punishment made. These procedural reforms will helps to states to eliminate the death penalty...
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