...History of state and federal prisons The histories of the state and federal prison systems have some connections which both systems has something distinctive. The State is usually operated by the state governments and consists of prisoners that are considered blue collar criminals and the federal systems are mainly associated with white collar criminals. Both prison systems have security levels which include minimum, low, medium, and high levels of security. History of punishment dates back to the origin of various civilizations. The former colonial criminal edicts were a inquisitive blend of English barbarity, religion, and pragmatism. Ever since the beginning of the world people have devised ways to punish individuals who commit offensive and intolerable acts. The idea of prisons however came later and the use of jails and detention methods was seen as more humanitarian process when compared to formal corporal methods to punish an offensive individual. In 1700 century the former philosophy of prison was presented and was accepted widely. In 1790 first ever prison was constructed in United States named as Walnut Street Jail. As the time went by the framework and processes of prison systems were devised and by 1930 The Federal Bureau of Prison was developed by congress that was headed by President Herbert Hoover .The original impartial United States prison was an old army penitentiary at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas and started accommodating offenders in 1895 (Keve,1995). In1880s...
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...History of State and Federal Prisons The history of state prisons start with the concept on which the institution was based upon, the penitentiary. The penitentiary was based on the eighteenth-century legal reforms where scholars searched for a more humane and reform-oriented alternative to death and other physical punishments that seemed inhumane, according to our textbook. (Foster, 2006) In the late 1700’s, principles of isolation, work, and humble attitudes were instilled upon inmates in order to change the nature of confinement. Some penitentiaries incorporated large open spaces with a glass-top ceiling for better lighting and to help cut costs of electricity. This also helped officers to supervise inmates. The early 1900’s and the Great Depression brought forth agricultural prisons, which included gigantic plantations and farms where inmates could work. This idea developed into inmates working in other areas, such as public roads, clearing forests, and other public projects where inmates earned the name of slaves. Maximum security was the norm for the early penitentiaries, which included high walls, guard towers, cell blocks stacked in tiers, and massive concrete and steel construction. Prisoners were controlled with isolation and high levels of intimidation. (Foster, 2006) Federal prisons began in 1930 however, before this date federal prisoners served their time in state and local institutions. There weren’t many federal crimes or federal criminals back...
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...History of State and Federal Prisons Latoya Morris CJS/230 6/25/2014 Anthony McBride History of State and Federal Prisons History of State Prisons. Today, the state prison systems are based off of the legal reforms in the 18th century, but founded in the 19th century. The state jail has held another name for the recent years which is the Department of Corrections and with that it holds many levels of security that is needed for the separation of different prisoners. The three levels of security are maximum, medium, and minimum security. Each level has a different way of handling and dealing with the inmate and not overstepping boundaries to make sure that inmate is treated accordingly. The state prison also has a lot of security guards. There are programs and society services that help the inmate with rehabilitation such as work release programs and placing them in a halfway house to get them back on their feet and acclimated to society and the communities. History of Federal Prisons. The federal prisons are under the administration of President Hoover in the early 1930s. Federal prisons did exist in the 1890s but there was no core system to make sure that these prisons were being run accordingly. Not many federal crimes were executed till after the civil war, so they really didn’t have a use for a federal prison. The new system was brought up and made up of multiple institutions with thousands of inmates. The federal prison is similar...
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...History of State and Federal Prisons Melissa Undisclosed Raymond Delaney Jr. CJS/230 May 11, 2012 University of Phoenix History of State and Federal Prisons The prison system today is run by both the State and Federal Government. The State and Federal Government has known to be a very strict authority that watches our prisons closely. The State and Federal Prison Systems have a lot of similarities with a few differences. Both of these systems are unique in their own kind of way. In this paper, I will guide you through the history of State and Federal Prisons, along with their uniqueness. The State Prison System has been around since the early 1800’s, and was ran by the State Government. What I find really unique about the State Prison System is that they classified their criminals as “Blue Collar Criminals.” The Federal Prison System started back in the 1890’s, but actually wasn’t signed until the 1930’s. In the 1930’s, the Federal Prison System was established and they started the construction of actual “Federal Facilities”. The Federal Prison System classified their criminals as “White Collar Criminals”. The State Prison Systems consists of different levels of security; minimum, low, medium, and maximum. The facilities decide where they need to put the inmates depending on the severity of their offense and depending on their prior history being incarcerated such as trying to flee or escape if applicable. Minimum security facilities usually hold criminals that classified...
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...History of State and Federal Prisons Joshlyn Aday CJS/230 John Feltgen November 14, 2013 Since the beginning of the criminal justice system, when the English brought over the concept that is the foundation for our criminal justice system today, there has been a sought out concept: There must be a reason for punishing criminals other than simple vengeance. This usually happens within the criminal justice system, but not often do people have to pay for the crimes that they’ve done. As a result, the first penitentiaries, predecessors of prisons today, were built with a view to behavior modification procedures (Foster, 2006). Today we have these institutions called state and federal prisons. They’ve had their number of changes throughout the years for modification. Just as any one thing throughout the world, they have their differences as well as their similarities. Looking to the past, we can pinpoint some sort of starting line for the development of what we call the prison system. In Norfolk, England circa 1875, nearing the end of the Age of Enlightenment, Sir Thomas Beever announced the grand opening of Wymondham Gaol. Towards the end of the Enlightenment, the Western civilization, looking inward, believed it was more civilized and reformations began to touch every aspect of life, including dealings with criminals. Belief in the scientific method drove society to find more humane ways of dealing with the lawless while perhaps transforming these into law-abiding, productive...
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...History of State and Federal Prisons Your Name Here CJS 230 July 7, 2011 Jean O’Gallagher Axia College of University of Phoenix State prisons are primarily operated by state governments. Overcrowding is a persistent problem in most state and federal prisons. By the end of 2001, state prisons were operating between 1 and 16 percent over capacity. This makes the prisons more difficult to operate, and puts the health and safety of inmates and staff at risk. The prison systems known today are based on eighteenth century Age of Enlightenment. The Walnut Street Jail was the first “so-called” penitentiary opened in the United States. The most common name for this system of prisons today is the “Department of Corrections.” There are merely more than 1 million men and women housed in the confinements operated by the states. Most of the states started with only one state prison, and now they have grown to as many as 100 in the state of Texas. The type of institution that the states used to start their initial prison on was based off of the Auburn model, and was expanded from their based on the special needs (women and younger offenders) was accepted. May 14, 1930 marked the birth of the Federal Bureau of Prisons which was created by an act of Congress by President Herbert Hoover. The first U.S. Penitentiary was an old military prison in Fort Leavenworth, Kansas; this penitentiary began to house prisoners in 1895. The third penitentiary was the first newly constructed federal...
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...Future of Policing Heather Kyzer CJS 210-Fundamentals of Policing October 30, 2011 Stephen Slaughter Future of Policing When I think of the future, I think of the cartoon shown on television “The Jetson’s.” I think of the flying cars and homes that you can raise up in the sky if you don’t like the weather. I like the jet pack in which you can fly from place to place instead of drive or walk. My favorite episode of this cartoon is when George gets pulled over for breaking line in traffic by flying his car over the line of traffic and rear ending a police car. I remember that the officer gets out of car and flies over to George and prints him a ticket out of his belt buckle. Also when I when I think of the future I think about the old “Terminator” movies and “Robocop.” The future is hard to picture during these times when the economy is in such terrible conditions. There is one thing that I know that the future will have is teachers, doctors, nurses, lawyers, and law enforcement officials. As adults we all know that we do not know what the future will in tell for any of us, but there is one thing that I am for sure that will change and that is technology. Technology is changing every day around the world. There are several trends currently affecting policing in today’s society that will affect the future of how things operate and function. The most important trends that have the largest impact on policing currently are drugs, corruption, gangs, training...
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...Jai Jail and Prisons Comparison Paper Mary Ann Everett CJA/234 Introduction to Corrections 12/15/13 Steven Nance This paper use some information found in the CJi Interactive Multimedia and weeks readings. Have a description of jail’s place in corrections its role throughout history; a summary of the history of state and federal prisons. Comparison of the similarities and differences between security levels in jails, state prisons and federal prisons. Explanation of factors influencing growth in jails, state, and federal prisons. In colonial america where humiliation, workhouses, and corporal punishment to was used to punish criminals by 1790 where penitentiary era begins. In 1786, Pennsylvania Quakers said honest labor was a humane way to deal with convicts and to provided labor for public projects wearing thee ball, chain and bright unstylish clothes to prevent escapes. In other colonies had replaced public humiliation with incarceration and early lockups were under local control with mixing convicts of both genders from petty thieves to violent offenders. Our nation took shape each county and state maintain its own incarceration system where jails were maintain by the local sheriff’s department housed small infractions like loitering to severe crimes like murder until disposition. State or federal authorities in prisons provided confinement for offenders sentenced to over one year of incarceration. Penitentiary Era in 1790, attribute to separate and silent system...
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...History of Prisons CJA/234 February 3, 2014 Robert Bennett This week’s readings reflected the history of prisons and the eras in which they have evolved. Within this document the evolution of today’s prison systems will be discussed, along with the complications of prison overcrowding. Finally the comparison of today’s prison to the prisons of the past. The penitentiary era changed using the Quaker’s system converting the Walnut Street jail into use instead of using the older method of stocks, flogging, and public humiliation. This was a more humane way to deal with the individuals who chose to break the laws set before them. The inmates were able to work on crafts to keep themselves occupied and their sanity level was maintainable. The mass prison era changed the ways of the jail to a prison in which there were more solitude and less rehabilitation. Inmates were not allowed to speak to make contact with each other, but vocational job training was introduced. Not until the reformatory era was the idea of education introduced into prisons to allow children and adults to become educated with incarcerated. Also the ability for early release for good behavior was introduced. The industrial era introduced prison work labor. Inmates within the prison system would create goods for the public for a minimal wage. The punitive era did away with the industrial aspect of prisons. The ability for education became a luxury, and maximum security prisons were built. As the restrictions...
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...The State and Federal Prison System Axia College Both state and federal prison systems have a long history in the United States as well as a significant presence in modern times as the prison populations for both state and federal prisons continue to grow. State and federal prisons each have their own types of institutions and security levels and house different types of criminals due to their differing jurisdictions over state versus federal prisoners. This paper will discuss the state and federal prison systems and their respective histories, recent growth in prisoner populations, different types of facilities, security levels, and types of criminals. American state prisons were originally used as workhouses where prisoners could work off what they owed to the state for their crimes through hard labor, but the purposes for state and federal prisons eventually shifted towards using prisons with the intention of punishment and incapacitating the criminal by removing them from society. Not surprisingly, many of the ideas for the development of the first prisons in the United States came from England. The history of the American prison system began with the Walnut Street Jail in Philadelphia, which served as the first prototype for the Pennsylvania model for prisons where prisoners worked at tasks in solitary confinement in order to pay off their debt to society and theoretically reflect upon what they had done (Johnston, 2010). The Pennsylvania...
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...The History of Prisons R May 23, 2012 The History of Prisons Both state and federal prisons were designed to serve the same purpose. They are alike in the sense that they both confine criminals. At the same time there many differences in which make each system unique. Both are primarily operated by state governments. Adults convicted of felony crimes may be imprisoned in one of the approximately 1,800 state, federal, local, or private prisons in America. State prisons confine felons with more than a year to serve with an array of offenses. Federal prisons confine federal offenders. State prison systems have been in use since the early 1800’s. The state prison system is made up of several small prisons that house most of the United States prison population. The criminals within the state prison system are charged with an array of offenses from drug offenses to violent crimes and have more than a year to serve. One of the major problems within the state prison system is overcrowding. The use of federal prisons began in the 1890’s. The Federal Bureau of Prisons confines felons convicted of federal crimes and houses pretrial defendants in federal jails in several large cities. At one time, the federal system was considered a model for state systems, but it has suffered from many of the same problems plaguing state systems in recent years, including an influx of drug offenders that has caused pervasive overcrowding and continuous...
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...History of State and Federal Prisons The State and Federal Prison Systems have a lot of similarities with a few differences. Both of these systems are unique in their own kind of way and have a rich history in the United Sates. The following paper will be a short discussion of the history of the state and federal prison systems. The state prison systems of today were founded on the nineteenth-century penitentiary, which was based on the legal reforms of the eighteenth-century Age of Enlightenment. The penitentiary was based on legal reforms where scholars searched for a more humane and reform-oriented alternatives to death and other physical punishments that were all too common in that time. Principles of isolation, work, and compliant attitudes were implanted upon inmates in order to alter the nature of confinement. Maximum security was the norm for the early penitentiaries, which included high walls, guard towers, cell blocks stacked in tiers, and massive concrete and steel construction. Prisoners were controlled with isolation and high levels of intimidation and swift punishment if rules were broken. Security level that have been created over time to separate criminals by the type of crime they have committed and whenever or not they are a risk to themselves or others are maximum security, close-high security, medium security, minimum security, and open security prisons. The federal Bureau of Prisons was created in 1930 by an act of Congress signed into law by President...
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...University of Phoenix. Introduction: For more than two hundred years the United States has used incarceration to punish any and all criminals. Jails and prisons are the institutions that judges send criminals to so they can serve time depending on the seriousness of the crime that the individual has committed. Being incarcerated is the humane form of punishment that is used considering how they used to punish individuals back in older times, when criminal justice was looked at differently. So we will be learning about the history of the jails, state and federal prison system we will learn how they are different from one another. Jails Jail is a place where a criminal is confined to temporarily while awaiting trial or conviction of any type of minor offenses. The first jails were created in England in 1166 by King Henry II. Jails were used to house poor people, displaced people, mentally ill people, and criminals and the conditions in which the jails were; dirty, little and poor food, little or no medical attention, and full of violence. When John Howard became sheriff in 1773 he was appalled by these conditions and created the Penitentiary Act of 1779. “This act created four requirements for English prisons and jails: (1) secure and sanitary structures, (2) systematic inspections, (3) abolition of fees charged to inmates, and (4) a reformatory regime in which inmates were confined...
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...History of State and Federal Prisons Kamiah Merchant CJS/230 6/21/2015 Both federal and state prisons are different in their own way. They also share some of the same values such as crowdiness in both prisons. Both prisons basically share the same purpose and that is to incarcerate those that have done wrong. Prisons confine felons serving sentences of longer than a year. They are operated primarily by state governments, although the Federal Bureau of Prisons confines federal offenders, three large cities operate their own prisons, county jails in several states now hold felons serving long sentences alongside pretrial defendants and sentenced misdemeanants, and private prisons hold contracts to house state and federal prisoners. Since they are both ran by the federal government they all are considered by one name and that is the Department of Corrections. It was established as an office within the federal Justice Department, where it remains today. Some time ago there were not too many federal crimes and very few criminals doing federal prison time. When the Civil War ended both offenses and offenders began to climb at a high. Once many crimes were starting to be committed, our prisons started to overcrowd rapidly. Not only the prisons took on the crowdiness but the local jails did as well. In the federal prison system there were many levels of security. These levels ranged from minimum to administrative security. Depending on the crime you would commit then this was...
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...An Overview of Federal Prisons Stephen Hayden CRJ 101: Intro to Criminal Justice Post University 4/19/15 Abstract Federal Prisons in the United States have evolved since 1930. The United States Federal Prisons range in security levels to house inmates that have been incarcerated on a federal level. Based upon the security level in a facility, inmates are given more freedom and have lower staff to inmate ratios. Inmates are required to work so long as their health is cleared, and some prisons offer inmate labor that can contribute to them returning to society. Prisoners are required to have their basic needs met while housed in a federal correction facility, which includes education, health care, and religious demeanor. While federal prisons are trying to maintain standards they face issues such as overcrowding, which can largely effect how the facilities are ran. Recommendations to overcome overcrowding and better facilitate a prisoners release to society will be provided. History of Prisons in the United States “Pursuant to Pub. L. No. 71-218, 46 Stat. 325 (1930), the Bureau of Prisons was established within the Department of Justice and charged with the "management and regulation of all Federal penal and correctional institutions." This responsibility covered the administration of the 11 Federal prisons in operation at the time.” (Federal Bureau of Prisons, n.d.). Since correctional facilities were mandated they have grown and evolved to this current day, and still...
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