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HISTORY PROJECT

Islam came to India with Turks. The interaction that took place between Turks and Indians resulted in the development of a syncretic culture. Mutual understanding and assimilation of each other’s culture took place in all fields. This process of assimilation saw lots of ups and downs.
The new rulers built palaces and places of worship. Arabs borrowed the principles of arch and dome from Rome through the Byzantine Empire and adopted them. The use of arch and dome was seen in the new structures as they helped in the construction of lofty and impressive buildings. Now large halls could be constructed with a clear view. A fine quality mortar was another technique put to use in these structures. Decoration of buildings was done with geometrical and floral designs, combining them with panels of inscriptions of verses from the Quran. The combination of floral and geometrical designs with verses from Quran was called Arabesque.
Earlier motifs like the bell motif, swastika, lotus etc. were also a part of the decoration. Animal and human figures were not used because it was considered unIslamic. Red sandstone, yellow sandstone or marble was used in constructing these buildings. Qutab minar was an amalgam of local features and new techniques, was constructed by Iltutmish. It is said that he dedicated this mosque to the Sufi saint, Qutab-ud-din Bhaktiyar kaki.
Guru Nanak was born in a Khatri household at Talwandi on the bank of river Ravi. He was an accountant. He composed many hymns and sang them while his companion Mardana played rabab. He also laid emphasis on the single god opposed distinction based on caste and achieved salvation with love and devotion. One need not renounce a householder’s life to follow a spiritual path. This ideology was conducive for bridging the distinctions between Hindus and Muslims. As time passed Nanak’s ideas took the form of

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