...single day, millions of packages are delivered in almost every country around the world. Who delivers them? Take your pick between three main competitors in this type of service. When running a background to check, and discussing the history of the three air cargo leaders, we can date back over one hundred years. UPS, FedEx and DHL have evolved their air cargo technologies with the use of sorting, tracking and controlling air freight shipments to remarkable levels. Each of the companies facilitate these processes and advancements uniquely in their own respective way. FedEx, DHL and UPS, with their different backgrounds and approaches have become undoubtedly great competitors. The three of them are considered the largest global air cargo companies, and are recognized for their widespread services delivering shipments worldwide. In the year 1971, Federal Express Corporation was founded in Little Rock, Arkansas. A few years later 1975, FedEx installed the first drop box for the public. Since achieving that milestone the company developed and maintained a “strategic leadership in managing a broad group of transportation services, e-commerce and other business services.” (About FedEx: Website - http://about.van.fedex.com/our-story/history-timeline/history/) Going back all the way to “1913, C.J. Tower & Sons, forerunner to FedEx Trade Networks subsidiary FedEx Trade Networks Transport & Brokerage, begins operation as a customs broker in Niagara Falls, N.Y.” The company offers integrated...
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...civilizations had either controlled or attempted to control Egypt. The Nubians, Persians, Macedonian Greeks had all invaded Egypt over the years but it was the Roman rule that helped to unify Egypt. As far back as 5,500 BC early humans settled the area known as Lower Egypt (the northern section of the Nile) because the Nile such a dependable source of water, transportation, and irrigation which supported agriculture which in turn supported settlements. The unification of the upper and lower Nile (the Nile is one of the few rivers in the world that flows South to North, therefore the “upper” section is actually South and the “lower” section is actually North) to create Ancient Egypt is believed to have taken place around 3150 BC. (“Egyptian History Before & During Roman Rule”, http://www.muhlenberg.edu/library/papyri/egyptian_history.html) The fact that Romans or Greeks were in Egypt does not in itself prove that the Egyptian culture was affected by Rome. To prove that theory I’d like to point to three historical findings that show a definitive Roman influence on the Egyptian way of life. The first historical finding comes in the form of a boat. The Ploion Hellenikon was a style of Nile transport craft which was very different from other Nile vessels of the time. Though the boats both discovered and described vary in size and carrying capacity they are very similar in the fact that they store their...
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...UPS and FedEx Air Hubs: Comparing Louisville and Memphis Cargo Hub Operations by Alex Cosmas and Bastien Martini The economies of scale afforded to passenger airlines by the use of a hub-and-spoke model are also enjoyed, sometimes to an even greater extent, by cargo carriers. The world’s two largest integrated carriers, UPS and FedEx, run their central air hubs in Louisville (SDF) and Memphis (MEM), respectively. We present a case study of the air hub operations at SDF and MEM. The land-side and air-side operations are contrasted between SDF and MEM, and generalizations are drawn regarding issues prevalent to cargo versus passenger hubs. I. Air Cargo in History The beginning of the last century saw the dawn of flight. Since the Wright brothers’ first flight, the transfer of goods through air mail and air freight has grown tremendously. The first cargo flight ever took place between Dayton and Columbus, Ohio in November 1910, when a department store shipped a bolt of silk. Even though the shipment was of small size, the flight stayed in the records because it was achieved in less time than possible by train. Some time elapsed before the first commercial cargo airline was created. In the 1920s passenger carriers created entities to carry freight, but it remained a very low fraction of their business. In fact, the first all-cargo airline was created after World War II, but bankruptcies and accidents in the early 1950s made most of the carriers quit the business...
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...Count: 774 How did guns, germs, and steel shape the history of the world? Jared Diamond’s journey to discover equality began in the rainforest of Papua New Guinea. In the Prologue Diamond tells the readers about how he became intrigued when Yali, his New Guinean friend posed the question: “Why is it that you white people developed so much cargo and brought it to New Guinea, but we black people had little cargo of our own?” (Pg. 14) When Yali talks about cargo he is referring to technology i.e. tools, accessories, and other complicated inventions. So Diamond rephrases the question as such: “Why did human development proceed at such different rates on different continents?” (Pg. 16) Yali’s question gets Diamond motivated to research and write this book on the history of everyone for the past 13,000 years. He attempts to peel back the layers of the past like an onion and explore the roots of power in the modern world. The question motivating the book is that: “Why did history unfold differently on different continents?” (Pg. 9) Diamond has traveled the world for the past 30 years looking for answers to eventually come up with this well thought out theory to this question; it is not because of intelligence due to racial differences but rather environmental differences. As stated before this book emphasizes on the search for ultimate explanations, and on pushing the causes of history as far back as possible. Modern history has been shaped by conquest, conquest of the world by Europeans...
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...Airlines History of Southwest Airlines History and Key Defining Moments Southwest Airlines was founded in 1966 when a group of Texas investors pooled together 560,000 to form the Air Southwest Company, incorporated in 1967 the company was envisioned as a commuter airline serving the cities of Texas, Dallas, Houston and San Antonio. Although the Texas Aeronautics Commission (TAC), the body responsible for overseeing aviation within the state granted the company permission to fly the routes requested in February 1968, three competing airlines filed suits to prevent the airlines form getting off the ground. An attorney, who stake in the company was a mere 20,000, took the case all the way to the U.S. Supreme court and in December 1970 this court ruled in the favor of Air Southwest. Early in 1971, Air Southwest changed its name to Southwest Airlines, the fledgling airline began operations on June 18, 1971 under the stewardship of President M. Lamar Muse, the airline offered six daily roundtrip flights between Dallas and San Antonio, and twelve daily roundtrip flights between Dallas and Houston. The start of service in June 1971 was accomplished with three 737-200 aircrafts that had been obtained from Boeing on favorable terms, and a fourth aircraft was obtained in September of 1971. The rest of 1971 and 1972 saw operating losses, Southwest turned its first annual profit in 1973, and has done so every year since a record unmatched in the commercial airline industry history. By...
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...Running head: GEOGRAPHY AND THE DEVELOPMENT AND DIFFUSION OF Geography and the Development and Diffusion of Human Societies GKE1- Western Governors University Geography and the Development and Diffusion of Human Societies Evaluating and researching how environmental and geographical factors, such as the availability of resources and location of land have affected and continue to affect the human race through development, distribution, and diffusion is not only intriguing but complex as well. The ancient site of Mesopotamia, appears to have been the first look at the world’s civilization. Mesopotamia; is Greek for between two rivers. This actually created a significant physical geographical factor that contributed to the Mesopotamian people, the land being fertile, and the beginning of civilization and urbanization. Mesopotamia was flat land that was situated between the Tigris and the Euphrates Rivers. The land was rich in nutrients and clay that allowed for the Mesopotamian people to plant crops, build shelters to live in and store their harvested crops, also allowed for the benefits of domestication of animals. Even through all of the development of their lands it was not without transgression, they did have to overcome many environmental issues: floods, droughts, storms, dust, heat, disease and even death. The Mesopotamian people held strong and allowed them to overcome and prosper (Mark, 2009) (Guisepi, 1998) (Historical TV, 2013). With...
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...I. INTRODUCTION. At the top of the corporate structure will be a Board of Directors headed by a chairman or President and a Managing Director. It is their task to determine the overall policy of the business and future direction that the company will take. Policy areas which will be decided the by top management might include. The philosophy of the company’s logistics strategy. The routes that the company will serve. The type and size of vessels used. Fleet replacement policy (owning and chartering). Flag policy. Membership of alliances and conferences. In house ship management or contracted out. Marketing and pricing strategies, in house or independent agency. Financial performance. Having established the policy the board will delegate the management of these functions to various operating departments. An agent is a person who acts for or behave of another in such manner that the principle is legally liable for all acts under agency. An agent function is to bring his principle into contractual relationship with third parties. Under the English law an agency relationship arise when one person, who is called the agent is authorized or considered by law as authorized to represent another person called the Principal in such a way to be able to affect the principal’s legal position. This is the general principle of any agency agreement. However, this situation can be extended by agreement and terms of the appointment can sometimes give the agent rights of lien also...
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...ASSIGNMENT DUBAI AIRPORT COMPANY STUDENT NAME: ID: DATE: SUBMITTED TO: Dubai Airports Company * Introduction: I am working as a coordinator between the department and its employees and my objective is help the employees and the management to remove the communication gap. In this research we will analyze the history of the company, its organizational environment, governance structure, strategy and performance and as a result of our discussion and result, the way forward for the future. My detailed research about the company is as follows: Dubai Airport Company was established to take control of: * Dubai Cargo Village It is the first cargo handling facility of Middle East to be awarded with ISO 9002 and was build in 1990. It is considered as most technologically highly developed handling cargo facilities. The company is designed to handle about 150,000 tonnes of cargo each year. * Dubai International Airport Dubai International Airport is the world busiest airport serving Dubai, United Arab Emirates and all over the world. It is ranked as 3rd busiest airport of world and on 6th number due to busiest cargo activities. The airport was inaugurated in 1966. The airport has capacity of 75 million passengers annually and consists of three terminals and is major contributor toward increasing economy of Dubai. * Al Maktoum International Airport Is the international airport in Jebel Ali which is situated 37km southwest of Dubai and was opened...
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...United States Customs and Border Protection Mr. Angelo, Joseph CJ 355 Jonathan Mesngon July 20, 2014 Abstract This paper explores an overview of the mission and the overall organization of the United States Customs and Border Protection (CBP). It will also discuss the roles and responsibilities of the organization, its history, and how they support the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). This paper will provide you with facts, highlights, and challenges germane to CBP. You will understand how CBP interacts and operates with the intelligence community and the Armed Forces in order to meet up to their responsibilities. U.S. Customs and Border Protection History The origin of Customs and Border Protection can be dated back as early as the mid-1789, when U.S. congress passed the third of three acts that provided for administering customs tariffs and collecting duties. The Tariff Act of July 4, 1789 had also been passed by Congress followed by the Duties on Tonnage statute on July 20. Another landmark in the history of CBP is the establishment of the 1891 Immigration Act, which created the Office of the Superintendent of Immigration in the Treasury Department. The act allowed for the superintendent to have oversight of the new corps of immigrant inspectors stationed at the country’s principal ports of entry (CBP.Gov, 2014). On May 28, 1924, Congress established the Border Patrol as part of the Immigration Bureau in the Department of Labor through the...
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...Exxon Valdez and Prince William Sound Case Keller Graduate School of Management – Online AC573 Anthony Mucheru Instructor – Frank Pidgeon November 2011 Shortly after midnight on March 24, 1989, the oil tanker Exxon Valdez ran aground on Bligh Reef in Alaska’s Prince William Sound, spilling 11 million gallons of crude oil. At the time of the grounding, the vessel had departed from normal shipping lanes to avoid ice in the water and had failed to make a corrective turn in time to avoid the submerged reef. The ship was piloted by third mate Gregory Cousins, who did not hold a required license; the captain, Joseph Hazelwood, was in his quarters. Hazelwood, whose driver’s license was at the time suspended for driving while intoxicated, later failed a sobriety test. At the time, the pipeline was opened and strict traffic lanes were established in the Sound to guarantee safe tanker passage. But, in recent years, disintegration of the Columbia Glacier had filled the lanes with ice. To avoid slowing down to dodge icebergs—thereby delaying the oil’s delivery to market—tanker captains routinely moved out of the shipping lanes (Brooks, L. J., 2010 p. 505). On shore, no one was keeping watch. Although the Coast Guard was charged with monitoring vessels through Prince William Sound, in fact, its outdated radar system did not reliably track vessels as far out as Bligh Reef. An earlier proposal to upgrade the radar system had been rejected as too expensive. And the Coast Guard’s oversight...
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...between the Mediterranean basin and India and China made it an important hub of international trade. Egypt’s ambition is to develop its air cargo sector into a larger and more profitable industry with Cairo International Airport serving as a successful international cargo hub. The major objective of the national strategy for air cargo is to stimulate and to develop a financial & healthy air cargo industry in Egypt in the long term. This requires all airports with modern, well organized and operated cargo facilities and that’s what “Egypt air cargo” tries to implement in this field. First, Logistics is the process of planning, implementing and controlling the efficient, cost-effective flow and storage of raw materials, in-process inventory, finished goods and related information from the point of origin to point of consumption for the purpose of conforming to customer requirements. But as we all know that Logistics is the backbone of supply chain of any company so today In this project Let’s discuss how Egypt air starts investments in this career and how it extended its business to include the managing and operating of other related projects , then let’s talk talk about Borg el Arab airport and the logistical activities in it determining the whole processes which is done to the cargo starting from the structure of “the cargo village building” and the steps made by its crew in declaration of it till it reaches the other airport even if it is going to be an export or...
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...COURIER: A courier delivers messages, packages, and mail. Couriers are distinguished from ordinary mail services by features such as speed, security, tracking, signature, specialization and individualization of express services, and swift delivery times, which are optional for most everyday mail services. Considering it as a premium service, couriers are usually more expensive than standard mail services, and less typically faster delivery. Courier services operate on all scales, from within specific towns or cities, to regional, national and global services. Large courier companies include DHL, FedEx, EMS International, TNT, UPS, and Aramex. These offer services worldwide, typically via a hub and spoke model*. *NOTE: The hub and spoke model is a system which makes transportation much more efficient by greatly simplifying a network of routes. It is extensively used in commercial aviation for both passengers and freight, and the model has also been adopted in the technology sector as well. SOME TYPES OF COURIER SERVICES: 1. International Courier: The name of the service somewhat gives it away, but the International Courier service is all about providing customers with a solution to get their package from one country to another no matter the requirement for transportation by air or sea. 2. Same Day Express Courier: This service includes the delivery of the parcel/freight/mail within one working day. This service can often come in different disguises...
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...people and the other is the movement of cargo using more than one type of mode of transportation. In the paper the goal is to share the information about the types of shipping methods that makes the transportation industry a much improved industry. Intermodal transportation has changed the transportation industry The intermodal transportation is about using more than one mode of transportation when shipping cargo or passengers. As far as passenger travel goes a good example of intermodal transportation is a family vacation to somewhere like Hawaii. The family drives an automobile to either to an airport or shipping port depending on whether the family wants to fly or take a cruise. The modes of transportation used in this example here is automobile and airplane or cruise ship. Now looking at an example of intermodal transportation as it pertains to moving cargo; let’s say Wal-mart has ordered a shipment of goods from China the shipment will go onto a truck to get to the shipping port or to an airport go across the ocean then back onto a truck and then to the store or distribution warehouse. The shipping and transportation industry was revolutionized in 1950 by a man named Malcolm McLean by the invention of containerization. This is basically when you are unloading difficult or hard to handle cargo. The philosophy is to put this cargo into a large container about the size of a semi-tractor trailer. Once the cargo is loaded into the steel container then...
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...Abstract The history of convoy security necessitated design through ingenuity throughout history. By applying initiative and ingenuity, Leaders developed concepts, tactics and vehicle designs to protect their supplies moving throughout their area of operations. This produced innovations from the effective hybrid vehicles developed and used in Vietnam to the common use security platforms used in today’s modern Army. Further dialogue will ensure future doctrine should include funding and discussion. Forgetting the lessons learned, with the lives of Soldiers at stake, would be unconscionable. 3 3 The History of United States Army Convoy Security United States (US) Army doctrine has addressed convoy security since the mid 1800’s. The debate over convoy security operations as a hazardous undertaking of war has been a challenging topic throughout US Army history. The first published discussion of convoy operations described challenges that 19th century convoy commanders had to deal with. To conduct a convoy in safety through an enemy’s territory, where it is exposed to attacks either of regular, or of partisan troops, is one of the most hazardous operations of war; owing to the ease with which a very inferior force may take the escort at disadvantage in defiles (Mahan, 1861, p. 155). The US Army has a history of convoy experience. Most early instances relate to the Indian campaigns conducted prior to and after the Civil War. The American Indian had a completely...
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...Competitor Analysis of Cathay Pacific Airlines Cathay Pacific Airways is an international airline registered and based in Hong Kong, offering scheduled cargo and passenger services to more than 110 destinations around the world. The main competitors of Cathay Pacific are Singapore Airlines and China Southern Airlines . In this competitor analysis for Cathay Pacific we will assess China Southern Airlines only. 1. What are the objectives of this competitor? The objectives of China Southern Airlines are as follows: * To build an international network-oriented airline with core competitiveness and sustainable profitability. * Core value of "customer first * striving for excellence * continuous innovation and contributing to the society", and the vision and mission of "becoming the most favorite airlines for both customers and employees 2. What is its current strategy? Currently, China Southern operates more than 460 passenger and cargo transport aircraft, including Boeing 777, 747, 757 & 737 and Airbus A380, 330, 321, 320, 319. The airline fleet is ranked among the world’s top six airlines (in terms of fleet size) and with Guangzhou and Beijing as its central hubs, the carrier boasts a substantial route network spanning more than 150 destinations in China and more than 40 destinations in Asia with service to Europe, America, Australia and Africa.. * Substantial Flight Capabilities China Southern continues to be a leader in the Chinese aviation...
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