...A corporate lifetime ago policies and procedures were a nuisance put in place by management as a way to standardize business practices and attempt to use a single set of rules for everything everywhere they did business. And it was a drag. I have clear memories of my formative years on Wall Street with a seemingly endless row of binders on my cubicle shelf that appeared best suited to gather dust rather than provide anyone direction because in the end, well, all they did was gather dust. So the irony isn’t lost on me that here I am a decade or two later standing on my soapbox explaining why having things documented is a good thing. Twenty years ago there really weren’t enforceable regulatory standards such as SOX or GLBA. Frameworks and assessment guidelines such as CobIT and NIST and ISO 17799 were either in their infancy or not yet developed. And so outside of a very few pockets of industry there wasn’t a whole lot of good reason to have to put down on paper what you did, why you did it and how you got it done. Sure there were the auditors that came around every now and again but things were simpler in those days and much of what they needed could either be found in the occasional dusty binder or grabbed from the data center operations library. Today we live in a different world. There are a seemingly endless number of regulations in place that are tested monthly, quarterly, semi-annually and annually. There are rules as to how you must configure your network, your...
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...Advocacy In my care support class we learnt a lot about advocating for a patient. Advocacy – a person who relays the wants/needs of an individual who for reasons cannot speak for themselves. Advocacy commences when a person represents the interests of another person. This requires complete loyalty of the person acting as an advocate, who represents the wishes, needs and interests of the patient as if it was your own needs, and what advocacy means: the one that pleads, defends or supports the cause or interest of the patient for whatever reason they cannot speak for themselves or on behalf of someone in their best interest, e.g. someone who has not got a voice/confidents or cannot be heard, e.g. children, elderly, dementia patients. There are different forms of advocacy: Self-advocacy: is the ability to speak up for yourself and the things that are very important to you, self-advocacy means you are able to ask for what you need and tell other people about your thoughts and feelings. Self-Advocacy means you know your rights and responsibilities, and you are able to make choices and decisions that affect your life. It is important to learn self-advocacy skills because it helps you decide what you want and what to expect. When you have good self-advocacy skills you can have more control and make the life decisions that are best for you. (advocacy.com) Legal advocacy: involves solicitors protecting their client’s rights and interests in a court of law. i.e. a person’s will or their...
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...Prompt: “The knower’s perspective is essential in the pursuit of knowledge.” To what extent do you agree? Imagine, if you will, that you are sitting at a local café in France and happen to overhear the man sitting behind you say “He did it in cold blood.” As an American, the uneasy feeling of apprehension shoots through your body while waiting to sequentially overhear the dark deed belonging to this mysterious “he” the man behind you speaks of. Now, imagine that you are the friend to whom the Frenchman is confiding who also hears the same “Il l’a fait dans le sang froid.” As a Frenchman, your calm but curious ears wait to hear what the mysterious “he” has done with such grace. For though it may be the same idiomatic expression, “cold blood” takes on two drastically different meanings depending on the language and thus perspective of the person hearing it, consequently altering the tone of the subject entirely. To an American, a deed done in “cold blood” is a vicious deed done without empathy, however, to a Frenchman, a deed done in “le sang froid” is one done with self-control. The variation in the two languages is what causes the American to interpret negatively the words the Frenchman says in good spirit with the knowledge of his own language. Their two perspectives changed the meaning of the sentence entirely and it is for this reason why I would agree wholeheartedly that the knower’s perspective is essential in the pursuit of knowledge. The challenges of understanding...
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...1.Non-state actors especially businesses are more vocal in the design of policies that impact on the global economics. Businesses have the power to influence policies adopted that relate to engaging in trading around the globe ( Fusch, p2). The discursive power enables businesses to exert influence both in the public and in private sectors. Businesses can tailor their discursive powers to achieve diverse objectives relating to policy formulation (Fusch, p26) There are enormous changes in the global intellectual property regime that give the businesses a leeway to actively engage in international economics negotiations. The liberalization of knowledge through relaxed protection of the intellectual property works to the advantage of the businesses (Morin p3). The economic and political changes taking place around the world occasioned changes in the political roles. There is an evident decline in the roles of states in the international policing. The business enterprises are increasing taking over from governments in participating in the international economic policing (Fusch, p5). 2. A classic instance of collaboration among businesses was the formation of Basel II. Several bankers from different countries came together to influence the policies formulated around that time. The bankers came from the states that formed G10 at the time (Young, 2012, p665) The rise of academic communities successfully managed to advocate for the scrapping of the monopoly initially exhibited...
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...Chapter 3: Standard Setting Review Questions: 8-If the standard-setting process should achieve better information, what criteria would identify better information? The relevance and reliability are the two main criteria that would identify better information since this would result useful and trustful information. 9-Is the setting of accounting standards desirable for society? If so, who should set standards? Yes, the setting of accounting standard is desirable for society because it provides investors with relevant information. There are a variety of standards that each depends on its setter for example the “Public Interest Theory” aims to satisfy the needs of the Tax authority. Also the standard setters of ”The social Contract Theory” must reflect w composition of society affected by the standard and by the environment they apply. 10-How does good financial reporting add value to organization? Good financial reporting results on accurate information which enhances the image of the organization consequently motivate investors, accountability with creditors and help manager to evaluate the performance of the company. 13-In your opinion, do the benefits from regulating accounting information outweigh the costs? Justify your answer. The benefits resulting from the regulating accounting information are: * Increased efficiency in allocating capital. * Cheaper production of accounting information. * Check on perquisites. * Public confidence. * Standardisation...
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...erode and eventually completely eradicate entire civilizations such as the rural Ecuadoreans seen in this powerful documentary. Since these peoples are primarily indigenous and have little to no voice as to what a powerful destructive corporation can and will do to them, in order to counteract rampant negligence by corporations in their globalized quest for maximized profit, it is crucial that the growth and evolution of transnational advocacy networks give the people who matter a venue to be heard on a large scale. People all over the world, both nationally and internationally are often silenced or disregarded because as many say, “money talks”, however this all changes when these individuals or small groups of people create coalitions, whether they are near each other, or simply someone on the other side of the planet who is trying to help them and make a difference. It all starts with one person and once the movement gains momentum, it is much harder for corporations and money to stifle and silence. The key to creating these transnational advocacy networks, as seen in Crude, is the presence and backing of a Non-Governmental Organization, or NGO, as Steven R. Donziger (the American Lawyer seen in the case) helped get the popularly called “Amazonian Chernobyl” into the headlines and eventual coverage support by Vanity...
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...parents in advocating for proposed school regulation Background of this idea ABC’s mission is to advocate for the rights of people with disabilities. In the past few years, we have been concerned about how to best advocate for young parents with children who have disabilities—especially since a recently proposed school regulation will have a huge impact on their lives. To sufficiently influence policy makers, these parents need to be educated on the issues and involved in advocating for the new regulation. Their involvement will give ABC’s advocacy work the necessary visible support of young families. However, few young parents participate in ABC’s advocacy programs, preferring to join XYZ for their relevant information and support groups or LMN for their help in addressing problems in the school system. ABC recognizes that young parents have a limited amount of free time and wants to make it easy for them to participate in its advocacy efforts. In addition, ABC needs to be a good steward of its resources and not compete for clients with other organizations that are providing excellent complementary services. Purpose of the alliance The purpose of this alliance is to • Share information about the proposed school regulation • Recruit young parents into the project • Provide training to young parents so that they can assist in revising the proposed school regulation • Defray the costs of parent involvement in the project Outcomes An alliance of ABC, XYZ, and LMN (and perhaps...
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...Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proposed Policy The purpose of this paper is to propose a policy for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) through modification of existing law or creation of new legislation and how existing regulation could affect advocacy. It will examine utilization methods based on the three legs of lobbying to aid in advocacy efforts, as well as any potential objectives and how to overcome them. The proposed policy for reducing the spread of HIV in at-risk areas would require physician's clinics to offer routine rapid-testing for early detection, provide education on prevention, provide items to decrease the risk of infection, and supportive services for those with an HIV positive diagnosis. Offering methods of testing and...
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...DIFFERENT FORMS OF ADVOCACY IN MODERN SOCIETY: Advocacy is defined as public support for or recommendation of a particular cause or policy. It is also defined as the profession or work of a legal advocate whose responsibility is to plead or argue in favour of a course, idea, or policy. There are three forms of advocacies namely case advocacy, self advocacy, peer advocacy, paid independent advocacy, citizen advocacy and statutory advocacy. Case advocacy This at times is referred to as crisis or short-term advocacy. The advocacy focuses on one issue or set of issues which are not intended to have long-term objectives. It may be provided alongside peer, citizen, or self-advocacy to give extra support in dealing with a particular problem due to a break down in an advocacy partnership, or because of issues requiring special expertise e.g. in law, child protection, education, housing, employment, and financial matters. Self advocacy This is when people come together to speak up for themselves. This is the norm for most of the population especially when people feel empowered. It takes the form of societies or special interest groups. People with disabilities tend to be introverts hence find it hard to express their challenges to the rest of the community; Self advocacy is the best way to address these vice. The advocacy groups are run by thee vulnerable themselves with the support of other members of the society. Self advocacy groups comprise of people with sharing common locally;...
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...INTRODUCTION Grassroots-based advocacy movements are not new and continue to be politically contentious. However, since the mid-1990s there has been an increasing interest in advocacy on the part of both NGOs and Northern donor agencies. Firstly, influencing macro-level policy and regulatory frameworks is now seen as essential to increasing opportunities and removing constraints at the micro-level for both enterprise programmes and entrepreneurs themselves. Secondly, multilateral and bilateral donor agencies have increasingly emphasised civil society development and democratisation as a means of effecting this macro-level change. Underpinning both these trends are related debates about rights-based approaches to development and pro-poor growth. Advocacy organizations have also used advances in communications and information technology to increase global as well as national visibility and influence. Impact assessment has had a two-fold role in these trends: • • Firstly action research and impact assessments of the effects of macro-level policies, legislation and regulatory environments have been used to support advocacy campaigns. Secondly donors, NGOs and advocates themselves have been concerned to assess the impacts of their advocacy strategies either to justify funding them and/or to improve future strategies and campaigns. There are now a number of manuals by NGOs and donors presenting models, tools and frameworks for both advocacy itself and advocacy impact assessment.1 There...
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...1996-2014). Acute inflammation lasts only a few days, it is short-lived whereas chronic inflammation lasts longer; like weeks, months, and maybe even years. When the inflammatory process is involved in healing and repair it may cause tissue damage. Inflammation can play a role in many disorders; for example Alzheimer’s, asthma, diabetes, osteoporosis, and even HIV/AIDS. According to U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. (2012), “More than 1.1 million people living in the United States are infected with HIV and almost 1 in 6 are unaware of their infection.” Gay and bisexual men of all races are affected by HIV the most. Those are a couple of statistics to think about. HIV stand for human immunodeficiency virus. HIV hinders the body’s ability to fight the organisms that cause disease by harming the immune system. HIV is a sexually transmitted infection and it can also be spread by contact with infected blood or from mother to child during pregnancy, childbirth, or breast-feeding (Mayo Clinic Staff, 1998-2014). This virus can lead to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome also known as AIDS, but it can take years before the HIV weakens the immune system to where the person has AIDS. AIDS is a disease that will never go away. Once a person has it, they have it for...
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... The first day of December commemorates World AIDS Day, a celebration for HIV-AIDS awareness. People all over the world have gathered to honor this day and to support this advocacy. But what is HIV and AIDS? How much do people really know about this disease? Why is it such an important matter for the world? These are just some questions which most people, especially the youth, cannot answer. HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), HIV is a type of retrovirus that affects the cells of the immune system. Once a person is infected with HIV, his immune system becomes weaker and more susceptible to other infections. The Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, or more commonly known as AIDS, is the most advanced stage of HIV infection. However, a person infected with HIV does not necessarily develop AIDS immediately, but it could take 10-15 years before he does. HIV can be transmitted in five ways: through unprotected sexual intercourse, transmission of contaminated blood, sharing of contaminated needles, mother to child transmission during pregnancy, and breastfeeding. Contrary to popular belief, HIV cannot be transmitted through kissing, hugging, or shaking hands. In addition, sharing eating utensils or bathroom facilities does not transmit HIV. As of 2011, UNAIDS has recorded an estimated 34 million adults and children living with HIV. This figure has increased from 29.4 million during 2001. However, the number...
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...among young homosexual men. By the end of 1981, of the 270 reported cases of unexplained immunodeficiency, 121 individuals had died. The unknown disease was dubbed GRID (Gay-Related ImmunoDeficiency) by the American media, and this was the root of much stigmatization against HIV-positive individuals and homosexuals that unfortunately remains today. It was obvious that a national health crisis was developing, however, current United States President Ronald Reagan remain oddly silent, no national response or policy was established, and stigma was allow to run rampant, severely impacting...
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...Issues Confronting ‘Them’ (People with HIV/AIDS) The issues confronting ‘them’—a metaphor society uses to refer to people with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is not only a physical health crisis but also a social crisis that has and continues to affect every sector of the United States. Accompanying the disease is an acute fear in society that fosters gross assumptions and a lack of education about AIDS. . Because social issues confronting the HIV population presents a series of critical civil rights problems, it is imperative that individuals living with HIV/AIDS are aware of their civil rights as well as know the resources to advocate for themselves when a provider threatens their rights. National legal organizations, like the ACLU AIDS Project is available to enforce their civil rights through litigation, public education, and legislative advocacy (America Civil Liberties Union, 2009). The main social iniquities attached to HIV are those of stigma and discrimination. Social stigmatism toward persons with HIV/AIDS is an infliction of suffering, which thwarts any attempts to fight the AIDS epidemic. Stigma, as a form of social control is a means to marginalize, set limitations, and exercise power over individuals who society considers different through certain characteristics. Social stigma rejects the social groups associated with HIV, (e.g. homosexuals, illegal drug users, sex workers (Bardj, 2012)...
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...PROMOTE HIV/ AIDS AWARENESS TO YOUNG PEOPLE One of the most cliché expressions that we commonly used is the term, “Prevention is better than cure.” This is because it is easier to do precautions and avoid the difficulties, rather than experiencing the conflicts and dealing with all the complications that it will bring. With that being said, comes the best solution that we can possibly suggest to all, and that is awareness. As the cases of HIV, STIs and AIDS continue to increase not only here in the Philippines, but also around the world, certain precautions and measures must be implemented in order to counter the consequences. Those who are suffering from this crisis are those aged 15-24 years old, of which fifty percent are women. According to the research and studies, it has been said that HIV and AIDS in the Philippines has an adolescent face. This means that those who are greatly affected by this are the adolescents or the youths of today. This brings us to the question, “why are the youths the ones who are greatly involved in this kind of cases?” I suppose the reason for that is the fact that the youths of today are different. They are more energetic, enthusiastic, they love to explore a lot of things and thus, they are more vulnerable to the dangers of being misled when it comes to the information they acquire. Because of that behaviour, it is up to those who are knowledgeable about the topic to provide them with accurate information about sexual, reproductive...
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