Throughout history, there have been many different approaches of management theory. These theories exist because they are no longer relevant in today's environment, but a number of theories have been implemented as scientific management and human relations. Classical management emphasizes productivity by promoting efficient employees with bonuses. Human Relations emphasis on the motivation of the employees of both financial rewards and a variety of social factors , such as praise , a sense of belonging , and a sense of accomplishment .
Scientific management uses incentives to encourage workers. This idea comes from Henry Gantt who introduced a bonus system, where workers have an incentive to complete their daily tasks by rewarding them with bonuses. Scientific management assumes employees as a “Rational Economic Man” are motivated by nothing else but money. Employees are paid more on the level of output, bonuses to achieve goals. Nevertheless, Human relations approaches, which are also focused on the welfare of workers, look after, and health needs will increase productivity, as Mayo said. Importantly, it means that workers are generally happier, thus enhancing their work productivity, as demonstrated in the Hawthorne studies .Therefore, this essay will compare and contrast the “Scientific management” and “Human Relations” approaches.
During the term of the management classic, it is called a formal management science. The classical theory has focused on a decentralized management system and the relationship officially organized, and Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1915) was a management theorist. His theory focuses on the relationship between the employees the machine-based production systems. He refers to the principles of management employees will be motivated by getting the highest possible salary.
According to Taylor’s theory, scientific management uses