...Honey Bees are Disappearing The drastic decline of honey bees in the United States is a marvel that has many individuals making inquiries. A famous thinker, Albert Einstein, quoted, “If the bees disappear from the surface of the earth, man would have no more than four years to live.” Is this true? Need I remind us that these little creatures play an extremely important role in pollinating many, if not most of our food crops. Bees are a primary source for farming over two-thirds of our food by pollinating them, and they are the most important group in moderate climates (Palmer). Without the correct balance, humanity would slowly wane in population, as our food production and supply will decrease. As small as they may seem, they render a critically...
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...Medical Use of Honey Bee Products Apitherapy is the use of honey bee products in treating illnesses and diseases. Apis means “bee” while “therapy” is a treatment intended to relieve or heal a disorder. The different products derived from the beehive which can be used in apitherapy are: honey, pollen, propolis, venom, wax and royal jelly. Being from different cultural and ethnic backgrounds, we all have been exposed to honey bees and their products in unique ways. Despite our differences, collectively, we share great interest in the application of honey, bee venom (BV) and propolis in contemporary medicinal practices. In the following paragraphs each member shares their personal exposure with bees and why they have an interest in the medicinal use of BV. Mai As a young boy, my father intentionally interfered with bees in order to get stung. Now, being an adult, he is immune to bee stings, showing no signs of inflammation after a bee sting. The first time I got stung by a bee I was 7 years old. It hurt so badly and one thing was sure: “I would not walk in my father’s footsteps, when it comes to the subject bee stings.” In university, a classmate mentioned that BV contains certain chemicals which are beneficial to multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Although my first experience was unpleasant, I started to believe that bees can be useful. Good story: it reveals the sources of your curiosities and it draws out social issues. Morayo “They sting! Keep away!” this was my...
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...“The bees are disappearing!” I have heard this in almost every sci-fi movie or series I’ve watched. I always laughed and shrugged it off thinking it was a joke till I started to do some research and I found out…it’s true. You think oh don’t worry they are just bees!! No they are SOO important to our agriculture system and do you know what agriculture is, it is food! More than 100 US crops rely on honey bees to pollinate them; these crops make up approximately 1/3 of our U. S. diet. The work of honeybees increases the amount and the quality of the US crops by around $15 billion annually. That is a lot of money to be relied on something as simple, yet intricate as honeybees. Commercially managed colonies in the United States have declined...
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...NATIONAL CENTER FOR CASE STUDY TEACHING IN SCIENCE The Case of the Missing Bees: High Fructose Corn Syrup and Colony Collapse Disorder by Jeffri C. Bohlscheid, School of Food Science, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID Frank J. Dinan, Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Canisius College, Buffalo, NY Part I – Changes in the Lives of Bees Almond butter is a delicious, upscale alternative to peanut butter and we love it. But its price has increased nearly three-fold over the last two years while that of peanut butter has changed very little. The reason for this is surprising: almonds are much more dependent on honeybees for pollination than are peanuts. The California almond crop, by far the world’s largest, used an unbelievable 40 billion honeybees to pollinate it in 2005 and about a third of that number of bees is no longer available (Benjamin and McCallum, 2009). Since 2007, nearly a third of the honeybees in North America, Europe, and South America have died for unknown reasons. How important is this to our lives? A U.S. Department of Agriculture/Cornell University study estimates that honeybees pollinate nearly a third of everything that we eat (beeculture.com, 2000). If these bees disappear, fruits, vegetables, and nuts will go with them, meat production will severely decline, and we will be in very bad shape, indeed. Two significant changes have occurred in the world of honeybees in the United States since the mid1970s: (1) there has been a steady increase in the...
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...world. Ones of different size, shape, and color. Yet, the one most humans do not think about is the honeybee. A quick Google search of honey bee defines the insect as, “a stinging winged insect that collects nectar and pollen, produces wax and honey, and lives in large communities. The honeybee was domesticated for its honey and usually lives in hives.” While researching information about the honeybee I realized just how helpful and interesting the insect is. However, they can be a huge burden. My goal in this paper is to state accurate information and inform a reader about the unique creature, the honeybee. Honeybees are important to our wold. Not only are they one of the biggest pollinators, they also provide some people with food and a source of income. They live in large colonies called hives. In those hives there are millions of bees, called worker bees. Worker bees are female honeybees that are not sexually developed. It takes approximately twenty days for an egg to hatch. After the first three days of being birthed the egg turns into larvae. They older and mature worker bees take care of the larvae, feeding it royal jelly, pollen, and honey. Royal jelly is the leakage of the bees that provides the larvae with the nutrients they need. The worker bees tend to larvae and forage for food. They forage for three main types of food: honey, propolis, and nectar. Propolis is a sap type mixture that is used for sealing small holes in the honeycombs. They collect propolis form...
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...This paper presents a life cycle assessment of beeswax candles in the effort to confirm that beeswax candles are more sustainable and environmentally friendly than other comparable variations. Various types of candles are burned every year by millions of consumers; the United States Environmental Protection Agency reports that candle and incense sales exceeded a million dollars in 1999 (Knight, Levin, & Mendenhall, 2001). Beeswax candles, however, are one of the few sustainable and environmentally friendly types of candles available to consumers. Through the exploration of how the collection beeswax affects bees, the energy used and pollution created through candle production and transportation, and the effects burning candles and their disposal have on the environment, a thorough life cycle assessment will support the claim that beeswax candles are the most sustainable and environmentally friendly candle available on the market. To support the aforementioned claims, the environmental effects of other types of candles will be compared to those of beeswax candles. The collection of beeswax can be traced back millions of years and these traditional ways of beekeeping are still used today (Bradbear, 2009, p.1). Breadbear describes that beekeepers have found that the end of a flowering season is the best time of the year to harvest the honey (2009, p. 42). She explains more thoroughly, The honeycomb can be simply cut into pieces and sold as fresh, cut comb honey. Alternatively...
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...bins out on the curb once a week or maybe even pick up trash we see in our parks (which the average person refuses to do), but I feel that we need to take more responsibility and create a more healthy environment. We need to take charge and start promoting a more all-around environment conscious lifestyle to keep this blessing that God gave to us alive. Statistics have shown that the effects humans have on Earth are ever-growing and if we don’t change our ways now, who knows what the future may be like. The toll for not being “green” will definitely have a detrimental effect on us and our next generations. Environmental issues are growing before our eyes. Coral reefs are losing life which causes fish to have to survive without shelter, bees are disappearing leaving a huge dent in our food production, and the list goes on. Most people don't really hear about these issues due to the fact that it's hardly ever broadcasted. How can we learn and find solutions if the people aren't aware? As Christians we should educate others about the problems our Earth is facing. I can admit that sometimes I find myself ignoring issues that don't directly affect me. Though in...
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...amboinicus Loureiro (oregano) as attractant of the parasitoid, Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead. This project aimed to test the effect of oregano extract on the orientation and stimulation activity of the parasitoid, Trichogramma japonicum. Specifically, it aimed to determine which concentration of the extract (5 mL extract to 500 mL distilled water, 10:500, 15:500 or pure oregano extract) is the most efficient attractant of the parasitoid. The effect of the Coleus amboinicus extract on the attraction response of the parasitoid was determined by the amount of time the Trichogramma japonicum spent inside the treated filter paper during the petri dish bioassay, while its effect on the parasitization of the parasitoid was determined through the number of Corcyra eggs parasitized by the Trichogramma japonicum in a vial still containing treated filter paper. The study showed that Treatment 3 (15:500) was the most attractive concentration for the parasitoid, and Treatment 5 (control) as the least attractive. Treatment 3 also yielded the most significant effect on the parasitization of the Trichogramma japonicum. Thus, the researchers conclude that Coleus amboinicus extract,...
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...Service Executive Resources and Employee Development ■ Performance Management Implementation ■ September 2011 table of contents FOREWORD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 contents CHAPTER 1 PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT: BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Employee Performance Plans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 CHAPTER 2 DISTINGUISHING ACTIVITIES FROM ACCOMPLISHMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 The Beekeepers and Their Bees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Using Balanced Measures ................................................. Categories of Work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 18 CHAPTER 3 DEVELOPING EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE PLANS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Step 1: Look at the Overall Picture ....................................... Step 2: Determine Work Unit Accomplishments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Method A: Goal Cascading Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Method B: Customer-Focused Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....
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...1 A Critical Evaluation of the Use of Neonicotinoid Insecticides on Human Health Jess A. White School of Health, University of Northampton (2015). Insecticides are universally used, not just by farmers, but by household gardener’s as a way to prevent, mitigate or repel pests. Due to outbreaks of infectious disease in honey bees and amphibians, the use of systematic insecticides has significantly increased over the last 20 years (Mason et al., 2012). And is now thought to be the preferred choice; because of their toxicity and mechanistic action. One type, in particular, seen to show a usage increase is – neonicotinoids - a class of agrochemicals derived from nicotine (a substance found in cigarettes). It is thought this derivative form is solely based on the chemical similarity of the two (Calderon-Segura et al., 2012). First introduced within the 1990’s, neonicotinoids were principally used for their systematic nature. While most insecticides are placed on the surfaces of yielding crops, neonicotinoids are taken up by the roots and translocated to separate areas. This, therefore, makes the plant toxic to certain insect species (Pisa et al., 2014). It is this mechanism of action that has now simultaneously been linked to the adverse impacts on several other invertebrate and vertebrate species (Sluijs et al., 2014). There are currently, five authorised neonicotinoid insecticides available for use in the UK, including (1) acetamiprid, (2) clothianidin, (3)...
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...Professional Ethics Training Responsible Conduct of Research (PET-RCR) The University of Oklahoma Block 1 2 Professional Ethics Training – Responsible Conduct of Research Thank you for signing up for the Professional Ethics Training – Responsible Conduct of Research (PET-RCR) seminar. Certification: All training participants are expected to attend and actively participate on both days of training. A certificate of completion will be issued to trainees who complete the two-day training. Purpose: Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) training is part of an effort by the University of Oklahoma to provide graduate students with superior educational opportunities for professional growth. This training has been developed to increase your awareness of ethical issues, to convey common problems in ethical decision-making, and to provide strategies for managing ethical dilemmas that may occur while conducting research. At the end of this training, you will have acquired tools that will help you in conducting research and managing ethical dilemmas. Contents of this Packet: This training packet contains materials that will introduce you to ethical decision-making in research and will be used throughout the training. Please bring your completed packet with all of the enclosed materials to each training session. This packet contains a number of items including: 1) Training Agenda & Packet Instructions 2) Ethical Guidelines for the Conduct of Research 3) Cases & Questions Packet If you have...
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...Dictionary (1985), is "to furnish with a right or claim to something." The legal definition of entitlement as defined by Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2007), is “an individual’s right to benefits by law or contract.” “Entitlement Mentality” as defined by our textbook is the general belief that someone is owed something (for example, a job, an education, a living wage, or health care) just because she or he is a member of society (Carroll & Buchholtz, 2008). In this paper we will discuss the entitlement mentality of various demographic groups along with the other generations we have labeled, and how the idea of Pluralism plays a part in the Entitlement way of thinking as well. Along with how this mentality is perceived, why and how it’s been acquired by our new generation and how other generations played a part in this new mind set and the potential effect and how or what we can do to remedy the situation. Introduction I would like to explain my background as I feel this will lay the groundwork for this paper and portray my personal beliefs as to why the various generations have played a part in my life and others lives as well. I myself was born in 1964 in Chicago the last year of the “Baby Boomer Generation” (1946-1965) one year before “Generation X’ (1965-1981) and from parents of the “Silent Generation” (1928-1945) and I now have children from the “Millennial” (1982-2009) or “Generation Y” (Pew, 2010). I am the oldest of 6 children my father is the son of Sicilian immigrants...
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...i Вторая страница обложки ii Cambridge Practice Tests for IELTS 1 Vanessa Jakeman Clare McDowell C AMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS iii PUBLISHED BY THF PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building Trumpington Street Cambridge CB2 1RP United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, United Kingdom 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia © Cambridge University Press 1996 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1996 Third printing 1997 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge ISBN 0 521 49767 1 Self-Study Student`s Book ISBN 0 521 49766 3 Set of 2 cassettes Copyright The law allows a reader to make a single copy of part of a book for purposes of private study. It does not allow the copying of entire books or the making of multiple copies of extracts. Written permission for any such copying must always be obtained from the publisher in advance. iv Contents Acknowledgements iv Introduction 1 Practice Test 1 12 Practice Test 2 34 Practice Test 3 54 Practice Test 4 75 General Training Reading and Writing Modules Tapescripts Answer keys 94 107 130 ...
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...i Вторая страница обложки ii Cambridge Practice Tests for IELTS 1 Vanessa Jakeman Clare McDowell C AMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS iii PUBLISHED BY THF PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE The Pitt Building Trumpington Street Cambridge CB2 1RP United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, United Kingdom 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia © Cambridge University Press 1996 This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1996 Third printing 1997 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge ISBN 0 521 49767 1 Self-Study Student`s Book ISBN 0 521 49766 3 Set of 2 cassettes Copyright The law allows a reader to make a single copy of part of a book for purposes of private study. It does not allow the copying of entire books or the making of multiple copies of extracts. Written permission for any such copying must always be obtained from the publisher in advance. iv Contents Acknowledgements iv Introduction 1 Practice Test 1 12 Practice Test 2 34 Practice Test 3 54 Practice Test 4 75 General Training Reading and Writing Modules Tapescripts Answer keys 94 107 130 ...
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...THE ECONOMIC VALUE OF THE ENVIRONMENT: CASES FROM SOUTH ASIA ECONOMIC VALUATION OF THE MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM ALONG THE KARACHI COASTAL AREAS Samina Khalil Applied Economics Research Institute, Karachi January, 1999 This paper is forthcoming in Joy E. Hecht, ed., The Economic Value of the Environment: Cases from South Asia, to be published by IUCN in 1999. This paper is copyrighted by IUCN/US. It may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or non-profit uses, without special permission from the copyright holder, provided acknowledgement of the source is made. All four papers in the forthcoming volume are available on the web at http://www.iucnus.org/publications.html. ECONOMIC VALUATION OF THE MANGROVE ECOSYSTEM ALONG THE KARACHI COASTAL AREAS Samina Khalil Applied Economics Research Institute, Karachi ABSTRACT The mangroves of the Indus River Delta in the Karachi, Pakistan coastal areas provide a wealth of goods and services to people who live and work among them. However, these products are not sold in established markets, so their economic importance goes unrecognized. As a result, the expansion of regional industry, agriculture, and population are permitted to threaten the sustainability of the mangrove ecosystems. This study describes the broad array of goods and services provided by the mangroves, and uses market data to estimate the economic value of a few of them. It then argues for the importance of more thorough ...
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