...Cost Saving Strategies in Household MRO’s Cost Saving Strategies in Household MRO’s Businesses all have different goals, some are simply trying to make a profit; others are trying to make an impact in their environment. However, the bottom line is that they all need revenue to continue to operate. This revenue is used for all sorts of things from manufacturing, procurement, employee wages and so forth but there is one area that most people do not fully realize and that is the day to day cost of maintenance, repair and operations (MRO). In simple terms MRO is basically the things that are needed to keep the company running from toilet paper and cleaning products to things needed to perform repairs on their machines. However this situation is very similar to how households are run since as in businesses things break down, food runs out, and floors need to be kept clean. Using strategies that global businesses use to help keep their MRO’s in check are also important strategies for households to consider. One of the most important techniques that business’s use is to understand how they spend their revenue. They use what is called spend analysis to gather information about where and how their money is going and from this they can utilize some risk management skills to help alleviate some poor spending habits. A great example of this is to help control maverick buying which is unauthorized buying decisions (Avery, 2009). In a household this also holds true. Typically there...
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...A Need for More Than One Bread Winner Per Family Live to work or work to live? It’s not always easy to choose work over family. However having one breadwinner in a family would make it so that one may have to constantly work in order to provide for that family. That being said having more than one breadwinner or breadwinners a person can choose to work less and spend more time at home. In order to take care of other priorities. It’s not always easy to choose work or spending time at home especially in today’s society, as the cost of living has inflated over the years, one may worbout not saving enough for retirement as well as not having enough money for other necessities such as food gas or maybe even sending their kids to school. Let’s face it, we live in a constantly changing world where it seems the price of just being on this earth is already too high. With budget cuts, war , natural disasters, and everything else that has to do with our modern day society we all have to pay towards them if it’s out of pocket or some other way. The sad reality is we all want a to picture ourselves being retired at an old but still relatively young age to where we can still enjoy our lives with our families, but with the world always at a change and the event you don’t have another partner their to support you, that reality may seem hazy. Having two breadwinner’s in a family however, makes it easier for parents or guardians to provide basic necessities such as food, clothing , and...
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...How to Manage a Household Budget on Low Income Manage a Household Budget on Low Income It can be hard living on a limited amount of money each week for your family. When there's a failing economy or a lack of jobs in your area, it can be hard trying to decide how your family will get by on a limited budget. While life may throw you some hardships that you will have to make it through, there are ways to be able to pay your expenses and get the necessities that you need for living. Read on to learn how you can get by on a limited income, and still enjoy life at the same time. Instructions 1. * 1 Study the expenses of the entire household. Write down costs of utility bills, mortgage, rent, car payments, insurance, medical bills, and costs of food. Compare the bills with the income of the household. Make sure that there is enough income to pay the expenses. If there is not, make a list of the bills that are top priority such as house payments and utilities, and then food. Find other ways to bring in extra income for the household. * 2 Look at the different kinds of services that your household subscribes to. Cancel or cut back on any other entertainment packages that you may have. For example, cut back on current cable subscriptions such as extra movie channels, and only subscribe to basic cable until your household can afford to upgrade. Cancel any extra phone or Internet services that you may have. Purchase phone cards or pay-as-you go cell phones to reduce...
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...Philip Hobsbaum’s poem ‘Household Gods’ describes a desolate, abandoned house, once occupied by a romantic couple that split up near the time of narration. Hobsbaum reinforces the noises of desolation and destruction – of both the relationship of the couple and of the house – by giving the house and several household items a voice, to recount the memories of the former occupants. Through vivid and sensual imagery, and alternating between past and present tenses, Hobsbaum shows the contrast between the former times, the desolation now, and the process in which it happened. There is a touch of irony in the title of ‘Household Gods’, a traditional concept of placing idols to worship, and seek protection from. In this poem, however, the roles are reversed, as the ‘gods’ within the house are dependent on the tenants’ patronage and acceptance. This conveys the idea that the ‘household gods’ are closely tied to the couple, and their split and departure resulted in the neglect of the household items – a metaphorical downfall. The poem is divided into nine stanzas. That each stanza is enclosed by inverted commas reflects that the poem is being narrated by several ‘household gods’, and creates a voice in the reader’s mind. The rhyme of each paragraph is regular ABAB, to show some semblance of order, but is punctuated by several cases of half or slight rhyme to show the neglect and the falling apart of the house. The poem can also be divided roughly into three parts, although each...
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...For the exclusive use of W. Jingcheng, 2015. 9-913-556 APRIL 30, 2013 WILLIAM E. FRUHAN CRAIG STEPHENSON Sterling Household Products Company January of 2013 brought a new year and an important new opportunity to the management team of Sterling Household Products Company. Sterling manufactured and marketed a wide line of consumer goods, including laundry products, soaps, cosmetics, toilet preparations, and cleaning, disinfecting and sanitizing products, which were sold domestically and internationally, and were used every day in millions of households around the world. Sterling’s family of quality products included many highly regarded brand names, and the company had consistently delivered impressive sales and profits to the investment community. Sterling’s financial measures for all recent years showed that the company was successful, but a time series analysis of these same financial measures quickly isolated Sterling’s current challenge: growth rates for unit volume, sales, and profits were very low, and company management was looking to expand into businesses and products with more potential for growth. Sterling had identified health care as an industry with more growth potential, and a detailed search for health care products which could fit well into the company’s existing operations led to discussions between Sterling and Montagne Medical Instruments Company. Sterling was interested in acquiring Montagne Medical’s germicidal, sanitation, and antiseptic...
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...Augustina Asiafor 3/17/14 Household’s Choices Individuals have a household budget line that constantly changes based on the price and income of the budget. Marginal utility causes that definite change. Utility is the benefit from consuming a good or service. In order to have affordable budget, it is important to find the option that makes the greatest total utility. This then maximizes the utility, which makes the individual receive the most out of the good or service. He/she then achieves consumer equilibrium. Also the individual must equalize the marginal utility per dollar for all goods which equals the marginal utility from a good divided by its price. Previous chapters we learned that as the price of a movie falls then the demand curve slopes downwards. This this marginal utility per dollar rises When the price of a good falls the quantity demanded of that good increases—the demand curve slopes downward. For example, if the price of a movie falls, we know that MUM/PM rises, so before the consumer changes the quantities bought, MUM/PM > MUS/PS. To restore consumer equilibrium (maximum total utility), the consumer increases the movies seen to drive down the MUM and restore MUM/PM = MUS/PS. Total utility increases over time as the individual consumes more, however as we learned from the earlier chapters, marginal utility decreases because there less satisfaction obtained from the good. These can be used in preferences and indifferences curves. An individual prefers...
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...The results of global home- and personal-care peers could be tested further this year by currency volatility, the emerging-markets slowdown and inflation. Sales reported by the group are expected to fall 1% in 2015, based on consensus, due to the strong-dollar drag on revenue reported by U.S. companies operating abroad. Yet a weaker euro supported European peers' sales, and a stronger yuan in 1H led to higher Chinese-visitor purchases boosting the sales of Japanese and South Korean beauty and cosmetics peers. Companies Impacted: P&G, Kimberly-Clark and Colgate are among peers whose 2015 sales may have fallen the most. Sales of Amorepacific, Fancl, Kose and L'Oreal may have risen the most. Organic sales, excluding forex translations and M&A impacts, are the growth benchmark in personal and home care. Modest price rises, 2015 cost savings and lower oil costs may ease currency-inflated expenses, curbing margin declines for home- and personal-care peers. Higher pricing, if linked to innovation while ensuring affordability in low and mid tiers, is vital for cushioning volume and gaining market share, especially as currency depreciation and inflation persist in slowing developing markets, like Russia and Brazil. Unilever's 4Q emerging-market volume fell to 2% vs. 3% in the first nine months. (Corrects timeframe.) Peer Comparison: Unilever has the most emerging-market sales exposure among BI personal- and home-care peers, with 58% of group sales in these areas. Colgate has more than...
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...(e) Discuss the suggestion that the family has become more symmetrical (24 marks) AO1 Skill Knowledge and understanding = 8 marks AO2 Skill Identification, analysis, interpretation & evaluation = 16 marks According the recent media hype, the 1990’s have given birth to the phenomenon of the ‘new man’. This suggests that men are now doing more housework and childcare, while women are increasingly selling their labour in the labour market, and consequently contributing economically to family life. Willmott and Young predicted that the family, are becoming symmetrical. They claimed that the family has evolved from an institution based on patriarchy, to one characterised by equality and democracy. This essay will claim that, although relations in the family may have change the ‘new man’ and symmetrical family are nothing but an exaggerated myth. Willmot and Young argue that the family has changed from that of an industrial form, traditional Nuclear family to that of a modern form, symmetrical family. The Nuclear family is defined by specialised division of labour whereby the adult male sold his labour in the labour market in exchange for a wage, while his wife became primarily responsible for childcare and housework. In comparison the symmetrical family is an institution where partners play equal roles. This suggests that the family has evolved from having gender-segregated roles to joint-conjugal roles. Willmott and Young’s suggestions can be supported by the...
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...The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris)[2][3] is a subspecies of the gray wolf (Canis lupus), a member of the Canidae family of the mammalian order Carnivora. The term "domestic dog" is generally used for both domesticated and feral varieties. The dog was the first domesticated animal[4] and has been the most widely kept working, hunting, and pet animal in human history. The word "dog" can also refer to the male of a canine species,[5] as opposed to the word "bitch" which refers to the female of the species. MtDNA evidence shows an evolutionary split between the modern dog's lineage and the modern wolf's lineage around 100,000 years ago but, as of 2013, the oldest fossil specimens genetically linked to the modern dog's lineage date to approximately 33,000–36,000 years ago.[4][6] Dogs' value to early human hunter-gatherers led to them quickly becoming ubiquitous across world cultures. Dogs perform many roles for people, such as hunting, herding, pulling loads, protection, assisting police and military, companionship, and, more recently, aiding handicapped individuals. This impact on human society has given them the nickname "man's best friend" in the Western world. In some cultures, however, dogs are also a source of meat.[7][8] In 2001, there were estimated to be 400 million dogs in the world.[9] Most breeds of dogs are at most a few hundred years old, having been artificially selected for particular morphologies and behaviors by people for specific functional roles. Through...
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...Fact or Fiction? The trucks that collect recycling burn more energy and produce more pollution than recycling saves. Fact or Fiction? All the paper, plastic, metal and glass dumped in recycling bins has to be painstakingly (and expensively) sorted by hand. Fact or Fiction? Thanks to sky-high prices of raw materials, cities are getting rich by selling recyclables. Lay of the Land (No pun intended!) What & Why Recycle? Recycling involves processing used materials into new products to: • • • • • Prevent the waste of potentially useful materials, Reduce the consumption of fresh raw materials, Reduce energy usage, and air pollution (from incineration) Reduce water pollution (from land filling) by reducing the need for "conventional" waste disposal, and Lower greenhouse gas emissions as compared to virgin production Why is it important? • Saves Energy • Saves Land Space • Saves Money • Reduces Air and Water pollution • Creates Jobs • Preserves Wildlife • Fewer trees cut down to make virgin materials or to make space for landfills → habitat for wildlife remains It is complicated... http://www.aboutmyplanet.com/environment/importance-recycling/ But important … Supply & Demand National Benefits – Public Goods 1980 to 2008 Solid Waste Generation per person 4.50 lbs 33% Recycling Rate < 10% 3.66 lbs Municipal Solid Waste Generation, Recycling, and Disposal in United States: Facts & Figures for 2008; US EPA National Benefits...
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...Functionalist Sociologists believe that the family benefits society and the individual within it. They believe that society is based on value consensus and shared norms and values. Functionalists also see the family and other social institutions as working together like the organs of a body. However, other sociologists disagree. Feminists see the family as oppressive to women rather than being beneficial for all. Functionalist Murdock agreed that the nuclear family was so important that it occurred everywhere in all societies. He believed it was a universal institution. However, today there are many different types of families like single parent families and homosexual families which do not fit in with Murdock. Murdock also believed that the family performed 4 functions. These were socialisation, economic, reproductive and sexual. For instance, he believed that the family was where sex should take place. This would limit tension caused by jealousy and anger if people slept with many partners. Thus conflict is avoided and harmony is created. In many ways the family in pre-industrial societies was like a Swiss army knife – it was multifunctional. However Parsons disagrees with Murdock and argues that after industrialisation the family has lost functions. It now only provides socialisation of children and the stabilisation of adult personalities. These functions are very important to help society to continue. Other institutions have taken over the roles which used...
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...Consistent with Hamilton’s rule, the theory that the closeness of biological ties governs altruistic behavior, outcomes for orphans depend on the relatedness of orphans to their household heads. The lower enrollment of orphans is largely explained by the greater tendency of orphans to live with distant relatives or unrelated caregivers. I n a follow-up to the 2001 noted that nearlyGeneral Assembly Specialare suffering HIV/ United Nations Session on AIDS, UNAIDS researchers 40% of the countries that from a generalized AIDS epidemic lack a national policy to support children “orphaned or made vulnerable by AIDS” (Joint United Nations Programme 2003:12). This is an important issue in sub-Saharan Africa, where the death of prime-aged adults from HIV/AIDS has led to pronounced concentrations of orphans. Recent Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) have indicated that in Uganda, Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, nearly 15% of all children under age 15 have lost one or both parents, and more than 20% of 15-year-old children in these countries are orphans. Are orphans more vulnerable than other poor children in sub-Saharan Africa? Understanding the risks that orphans face is important for policy: if extended families insure each other, then governmental policies may not need to target orphans specifically. Households could be singled out for help on...
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...Guidelines on Identifying the Same Household during the Survey This work was carried out by the PEP Asia-CBMS Network Team of the Angelo King Institute for Economic and Business Studies (AKI) of De La Salle University, Manila with support from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC) and the UK Department for International Development (DFID) Generating Panel Data Using CBMS What is Panel Data (Longitudinal or cross-sectional time series data)? Data where multiple cases ( p (individual, households, etc.) , , ) were observed at two or more time periods. What is the main purpose of Panel Data? Helpful in monitoring the status of each household over time through analysis of several phenomena such as dimensions of poverty di i f t Generating Panel Data Using CBMS Advantages of pre-survey panel data preparations ti 1.Saves more time compared to matching the households after the data collection 2.Helps ensure that all households will be covered 3.Facilitates identification of new households (Note: (N t new households should b given a h h ld h ld be i new HH ID) Generating Panel Data Using CBMS CBMS Panel Data Household panel data is a collection of several information about the same household over time. Generating p g panel data entails a rigid definition of g what constitutes the same household. Generating Panel Data Using CBMS Definition of “same household” over time In CBMS, a household i 1stt round i th same I...
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...only in the work place, the military, or the government, should their be true sense of leadership but also in our households. The boss is the leader in the workplace, the President is the leader in the military, the people are supposed to be the leaders in the government, and moms and dads should be the leaders in a household. People look up the these people not as just humans but as people who will further their career or end it. They see them as people who will save their lives, or save their kids' lives. They see them as people who will mold the world into what we "the people" see best, or like right now to some, make it worse. With this these people are put into leadership roles, and as followers we don't want to see them as shady or not trustworthy. Therefore leaders need to be honest, dependable, and presentable. The people you lead are a reflection of yourself. Therefore you need to hold your morals, such as honesty to a higher level. Put faith into your employees and they will put faith into you and know that they will get an honest answer. This will ensure better profits, and loyal followers. For a business that means greater chance of success. For the government it means loyalty and less riots or government shut downs. For the military it could mean as much as saving a whole companies lives, or having fewer indiscrepencies with soldiers. In the household it could mean the world to a child, and will set the moral standard for the rest of their life. "Honesty is the...
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...SOLID GOLD AND NEW HORIZONS: A PRICING EXERCISE W. MORRISON ∗ 1. Introduction You have been asked to advise the Lanport Symphony Orchestra (a professional company) as to how they should price two concerts planned for next year. The first concert entitled ‘Solid Gold’ (SG) features the music of Beethoven, Mozart and Mendelssohn. The second concert entitled ‘New Horizons’ (NH) features the music of Stravinsky, Schoenberg, and Cage. Each of the concerts offers ticket-holders admission to a reception (drinks and appetizers) with a guest speaker, prior to the performance. The reception costs are the only costs that can be meaningfully allocated as a cost per audience member (all other costs are assumed to fixed costs). The SG concert will appeal to lovers of popular classics while the NH concert will have more appeal to ‘serious’ classical music lovers and those who prefer more contemporary and potentially dissonant (atonal) compositions. Howard, the orchestra box-office and marketing manager has provided you with profiles of four representative customer groups and their willingness to pay for the two types of concert. Some of the orchestra’s patrons are the Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart lovers or as Howard calls them, ‘WAMs’. WAMs have a strong demand for “light” classical programs and place a low value on most music composed after 1900. Another identifiable group of patrons are the ‘Melody Lovers’, who like popular classics but are likely to give more contemporary composers such as Stravinsky...
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