...Fundamentals of Accounting: Managerial verses Financial Accounting Fundamentals of Accounting acct122 Fundamentals of Accounting: Managerial verses Financial Accounting What has the organization in its focus; futuristic planning, financial control, and data based decision making affecting its reports and suggestions; and an emphasis on relevance and timeliness in its decision making (2012)? The answer to this question is managerial accounting. According to J. W. Jones (2013), a retired managerial accountant, her job and other positions with the title are responsible for reporting financial information to the company’s administration and parties outside of her organization such as stockholders or creditors; however, her focus was the internal accounting services and needs of the business’s management. Mrs. Jones confirms there is a difference between managerial and financial accounting. Her career choice was managerial accounting which specialized in helping gather and communicate the information needed to set the company’s long term objectives and goals for cost control, revenue strengths and weaknesses, and profit data statistics within in local departments, regional and often territorial plants. At times, Mrs. Jones found herself working with certain data regarding customer groups and how they would be affecting that business segment in the future. This differed from financial accounting in that the latter would handle the matter from a historical account...
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...1.0 ABSTRACT Managerial Accounting is tools for business decision making. The use of management accounting information is a key for organizational success. This essay will explain on the importance of managerial accounting process in organization to successfully carrying out the day to day as well as long term activities and goals. First, it describes how the evolution and change in managerial accounting. Second, the essay looks at the role of managerial accountants. Third, it explains several function of managerial accounting that tend to contribute the adds value to organization. 2.0 INTRODUCTION According to the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants ( CIMA ), Management Accounting is defined as the process of identification, measurement, accumulation, analysis, preparation, interpretation and communication of information for both financial and operating used by management to plan, evaluate and control within an organization and to assure use of and accountability for its resources. The Institute of Management Accountants ( IMA ) defined Management Accounting is a profession that involves partnering in management decision making, devising planning and performance management system and providing expertise in financial reporting and control to assist management in the formulation and implementation of an organization’s strategy. Managerial accounting applies to all types of business such as service, merchandise and manufacturing. It also applies to all forms...
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...April 30, 2012 Learning team objective reflection: Week Five Last week, we focused on four main topics – benchmark analysis, managerial versus financial accounting, the effects of technology on business, and the effects of globalization on business. All team members felt they gained a lot from the readings and teaching this week, despite having some areas that caused us to struggle. There were many lessons that we will be able to apply to our places of employment in the future. Benchmarking Analyses Last week we focused on benchmarking. "Benchmarking compares and organizations practices, processes, and products against the world's best," (Nickels, McHugh, & McHugh, 2010). Benchmarking can be used to gain a competitive advantage by allowing an organization to compare existing performance against their competitors to identify areas for improvement. If your competitor out performs you in an area, you evaluate that process and see how you can improve to become better than your competitor. For example, "Target may compare itself to Wal-Mart to see what, if anything, Wal-Mart does better. Target will then try to improve its practices or processes to become even better than Wal-Mart" (Nickels & McHugh, 2012). So if Wal-Mart were to be better at shipping items than Target, Target would evaluate that process to see how they could be better at shipping than Wal-Mart. In conducting a benchmark analysis this week between Sam’s Club and Costco,...
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...A STUDY ON VARIOUS ACCOUNTING PRACTICES FOLLOWED AT LAXMIPATI SAREES A Project Report Submitted for the partial fulfillment of the Bachelor of Business Administration 2011-2014/15 SEMESTER IV Page 1 In the subject of MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING Submitted by Karishma Chandak Nishit Deora Chinmay Jariwala Sameer Iyer Submitted to Mrs. Meghna Dangi AURO UNIVERSITY TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgment .......................................................................................................................................... 3 1 2 3 4 5 6 Introduction:.......................................................................................................................................... 4 Company profile ................................................................................................................................... 6 Production and Operations carried out at Laxmipati Sarees: ................................................................ 8 Answers to the Questions:..................................................................................................................... 9 Recommendations: .............................................................................................................................. 14 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................... 15 Page 2 ACKNOWLEDGMENT The success of any project depends...
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...of Management Accounting Techniques in Decision-making: An Empirical Study on Manufacturing Organizations in Bangladesh Farjana Yeshmin* and Md. Amran Hossan** Management accounting is concerned with gathering and reporting internal financial information to facilitate decision-making process. As management accounting is not required to conform to national accounting standards, it allows business to customize the management accounting techniques as per demand of company. As a process of this customization, some advanced quantitative as well as number of qualitative techniques accompany with the traditional techniques, have been emerged to cater the information need in decision making. This study attempts to measure the significance of management accounting techniques in decision making of the selected manufacturing organizations in Bangladesh. In doing so, a total of 74 manufacturing organizations have been surveyed with a structured questionnaire by using 5 point Likert Scale measurement from different categories of manufacturing organizations. Findings reveal that cash flow statement analysis, ratio analysis, budgetary control, CVP analysis, variance analysis and fund flow analysis have been frequently high-ranking techniques. Secondly, the authors have recognized five factors to calculate the variability in decision-making with the help of rotated component matrix which shows that 75.125 % of the total variability has found in the usage of management accounting techniques. Finally...
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...ISSN: 2277 – 100X RIJBFA RADIX INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BANKING, FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING DECISION MAKING AND THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING FUNCTION – A REVIEW OF EMPIRICAL LITERATURE Fitsum Kidane (Phd. Research scholar), Lecturer in Accounting and Finance College of Business and Economics Mekelle University Mekelle, Ethiopia Abstract This study examines decision making and the role of management accounting function in a business organization. Using the review of literature, I identify management accountants perform a wide variety of tasks. Only a part of management accounting activity is directed at performance improvement. Some of the activities they perform are related to the statutory reporting requirements of the organization. Some of these are related to the operational requirements of the finance function itself such as processing transactions receiving money and paying bills. Literature foresees new management accounting techniques and changes in organizational and business environments having a huge impact on management accountants’ roles, yet empirical evidence on fundamental shifts in these roles remains relatively scarce. Journal of Radix International Educational and Research Consortium www.rierc.org RIJBFA KEYWORDS Volume 1, Issue 4(April 2012) ISSN: 2277 – 100X Decision making, management accountant, management accounting INTRODUCTION Accounting can be defined as "the process of identifying, measuring and communicating economic...
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...Effects on Accounting Practices William Conder Accounting 5233 November 26, 2013 Abstract in Climate change is a subject that invokes many different opinions and reactions from different people in different regions. Although there is a general consensus in the scientific and environmental advocate communities as to that the worldwide climate is changing, specifically warming, and that the activities of man are the primary cause, as for the degree of change and the possible effects, there is anything but a consensus. There is a fairly new concept that is taught in many businesses, colleges, and universities called the triple bottom line. This is referring to the three things that businesses should concern themselves with and strive to achieve excellence in if they wish to be sustainable; they are “profit, people, and the planet” (Elkington, 1995). The purpose of this research is to find out and explore some different ways that businesses today are utilizing good sustainability practices, and dive into some other areas like accounting for carbon emissions, and also seeing how accounting for predicted outcomes might work in the business environment. The environment affects us all and any sort of change, contingency, or preparation has to be accounted for, so this work is designed to find out how it is being done, and things that could be done to improve business. The triple bottom line The age old practice of businesses being concerned strictly with profits and how it affects...
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...Importance of Cost Accounting? ACC310: Cost Accounting I (BBJ1220A) Instructor: Ashley Harper Melissa Little June 18, 2012 This paper seeks to explain the practices and principles of cost accounting and their overall effectiveness in assisting a company in minimizing costs where possible and optimizing the return on the costs that are necessary. Every year, no matter the overall state of the economy, businesses both old and new experience huge successes and huge failures. Every business has the potential and the intention to capitalize on profits and to become perpetually successful. What is the difference between the businesses that are able to do this and those that fail? What do successful businesses do to capitalize on and expand their profits? Many things contribute to successful business enterprises, but the bedrock principle of every successful business venture is honest accounting practices. Accounting is the information system which assesses an organization’s undertakings, computes the figures into reports, and imparts the outcome to an influencer. Accounting is a general, all-encompassing term that can mean many things to many people, so there are a few sub-categories that have been created to delineate specific areas or specialties within the accounting world itself. These are the areas of management accounting and cost accounting. Management accounting refers to the practice of gathering and analyzing accounting information in order...
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...CHAPTER 1 MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING IN THE INFORMATION AGE CHAPTER Introduction FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING STRESSES ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS AND PROCEDURES THAT RELATE TO PREPARING REPORTS FOR EXTERNAL USERS OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION. IN COMPARISON, MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING STRESSES ACCOUNTING CONCEPTS AND PROCEDURES THAT ARE RELEVANT TO PREPARING REPORTS FOR INTERNAL USERS OF ACCOUNTING INFORMATION. THIS CHAPTER PROVIDES AN OVERVIEW OF THE ROLE OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING IN PLANNING, CONTROL, AND DECISION MAKING. IT ALSO DEFINES IMPORTANT COST CONCEPTS AND INTRODUCES KEY IDEAS THAT WILL BE EMPHASIZED THROUGHOUT THE TEXT. THE CHAPTER CONCLUDES WITH A DISCUSSION OF THE INFORMATION AGE AND THE IMPACT OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ON BUSINESS, A FRAMEWORK FOR ETHICAL DECISION-MAKING AND THE ROLE OF THE CONTROLLER AS THE TOP MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTANT. NOTE THAT YOU CAN ENHANCE AND TEST YOUR KNOWLEDGE OF THE CHAPTER USING WILEY’S ONLINE RESOURCES, THE SELF-ASSESSMENT QUIZ AND REVIEW PROBLEMS AT THE END OF THE CHAPTER. Objectives, Terms, and Discussions LO1 State the primary goal of managerial accounting. GOAL OF MANAGERIAL ACCOUNTING Managers need to plan and control their operations and make a variety of decisions. The goal of managerial accounting is to provide the information managers need for planning, control, and decision making. LO2 Describe how budgets are used in planning. Planning A plan communicates a company's goals to employees and specifies the resources needed...
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...written to inform of the difference in financial accounting and managerial accounting. What is account first and foremost accounting is an information system that reports on the economic activities and financial condition of a business or other organization. Financial accounting and managerial accounting plays different roles in society. This essay is also written to inform the readers of the financial statements used in accounting and what impact each statement has on the accounting process. Accounting provides information that helps answer such questions, by taking a look at what it would cost, and how the costs are relevant to the survival of a business. Accounting is an information system that reports on the economic activities and financial conditions of a business or other organization. Do not underestimate the importance of accounting information. Communicating economic information is so important that accounting is frequently called the language of business. (Edmonds, 2012) Here are some questions about the role of accounting in Society according to Edmonds, Olds, McNair, and Tsay (2009). How should society allocate its resources? Should we spend more to harvest food or cure disease? Should we build computers or cars? Should we invest money in IBM or General Motors? Accounting provides information that helps answer such questions, by taking a look at what it would cost, and how the costs are relevant to whether a business survive or not. (Edmonds, 2012) A market is a...
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...------------------------------------------------- Management accounting From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia | This article contains wording that promotes the subject in a subjective manner without imparting real information.Please remove or replace such wording and instead of making proclamations about a subject's importance, use facts and attribution to demonstrate that importance. (February 2012) | Accounting | | * Historical cost accounting * Constant purchasing power accounting * Management accounting * Tax accounting | Major types of accounting[show] | Auditing[show] | People and organizations[show] | Development[show] | Business portal | * v * t * e | In Management accounting or managerial accounting, managers use the provisions of accounting information in order to better inform themselves before they decide matters within their organizations, which aids their management and performance of control functions. Contents [hide] * 1 Definition * 2 Scope, practice, and application * 3 Differences between financial accountancy and management accounting * 4 Traditional vs. innovative practices * 5 Role within a corporation * 6 Specific methodologies * 6.1 Activity-based costing (ABC) * 6.2 Grenzplankostenrechnung (GPK) * 6.3 Lean accounting (accounting for lean enterprise) * 6.4 Resource consumption accounting (RCA) * 6.5 Throughput accounting * 6.6 Transfer pricing * 7 Resources...
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...Journal of International Business and Cultural Studies Human resource accounting and international developments: implications for measurement of human capital Maria L. Bullen Clayton State University Kel-Ann Eyler Wesleyan College Abstract Human Resource Accounting (HRA) involves accounting for expenditures related to human resources as assets as opposed to traditional accounting which treats these costs as expenses that reduce profit. Interest and contributions to growth in HRA have been evident in a number of countries. The strong growth of international financial reporting standards (IFRS) is an indication that the environment for international financial accounting is one that potentially encourages the consideration of alternative measurement and reporting standards and lends support to the possibility that future financial reports may include nontraditional measurements such as the value of human resources using HRA methods. Keywords: Human Resource Accounting, Human Capital, Intellectual Capital, International Accounting, International Financial Reporting, International Financial Reporting Standards Human Resource Accounting, Page 1 Journal of International Business and Cultural Studies Introduction Human Resource Accounting (HRA) involves accounting for the company’s management and employees as human capital that provides future benefits. In the HRA approach, expenditures related to human resources are reported as assets on the balance sheet as opposed to the...
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...MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING: AN OVERVIEW Learning Objectives Distinguish between managerial & financial accounting. Understand the evolution of management accounting. Explain about the IFAC model. Understand how managers can use accounting information to implement strategies. Explain about Relevant Lost & Relevant Regained. 2 Learning Objectives Distinguish between managerial & financial accounting. Understand the evolution of management accounting. Explain about the IFAC model. Understand how managers can use accounting information to implement strategies. Explain about Relevant Lost & Relevant Regained. 3 Accounting System (accumulates financial and managerial accounting data) Managerial Accounting Information for decision making, and control of an organization’s operations. Internal Users Financial Accounting Published financial statements and other financial reports. External Users Managerial Accounting Users of information Managers within company Regulation Financial Accounting Interested outside parties Required. Must comform to Not required because for internal GAAP which is regulated by use only FASB and SEC. Basic accounting system plus Almost exclusively from the Source of Data various other sources basic accounting system Reports often focus on subunits. Reports focus on the enterprise Nature of Reports Based on a combination of in its entirety. Based on and...
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...CHAPTER 1 The Changing Role of Managerial Accounting in a Dynamic Business Environment ANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS 1-1 The explosion in e-commerce will affect managerial accounting in significant ways. One effect will be a drastic reduction in paper work. Millions of transactions between businesses will be conducted electronically with no hard-copy documentation. Along with this method of communicating for business transactions comes the very significant issue of information security. Businesses need to find ways to protect confidential information in their own computers, while at the same time sharing the information necessary to complete transactions. Another effect of e-commerce is the dramatically increased speed with which business transactions can be conducted. In addition to these business-to-business transactional issues, there will be dramatic changes in the way managerial accounting procedures are carried out, one example being e-budgeting, which is the enterprise-wide and electronic completion of a company’s budgeting process. 2. Plausible goals for the organizations listed are as follows: (a) Amazon.com: (1) To achieve and maintain profitability, and (2) to grow on-line sales of books, music, and other goods. (b) American Red Cross: (1) To raise funds from the general public sufficient to have resources available to meet any disaster that may occur, and (2) to provide assistance to people who are victims of a disaster...
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...Management Accounting April 10, 2013 Management Accounting Nepalese Perspective Management accounting is the method of measuring the performance of the organization through both quantitative and non-quantitative approach. Financial accounting and cost accounting both give the quantitative measures based upon which decisions are made but it will not be correct to make decisions based solely upon numbers thus only considering financial terms is considered the old method of decision making in management. Decisions made at both the operational level or management level are not always the outcome of financial numbers. Most of the decisions have other factors which make greater impact than the numbers given by the financial accounting. At present the tendency to measure performance on the overall basis rather than just looking at the size of the profit made by the company has tremendously increased the importance of management accounting worldwide including Nepal. The concept of cash flow management and profitability are central to both financial accounting and management accounting. The financial constrains of any organization defines its objectives and its future course, the impact of which needs to be considered by the managers for decision making in steps. Nepalese Perspective Cash Flow Management The most important function for any manager is to maintain the cash flow of the organization. The main cause of business failure in Nepal like elsewhere is not the unprofitability rather...
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