...Research Paper on Hybrid Cars The cars we use all over the world are detrimental to our Earth’s environment. In the United States, air quality often fails to meet federal standards. Air pollution, water pollution, global warming, and ozone depletion are some of the problems we face each day that reflect the consequences of our actions. The cars we drive emit exhaust gas, whose harmful elements cause acid rain and global warming. As a result of growing environmental concerns, the US government has been trying to resolve these problems. One such solution is the Hybrid car, which can save resources by giving off less emission. However, among the many benefits of Hybrid cars, there are also some drawbacks as well. Hybrids still exhaust some emissions, and their large batteries require frequent replacement. Now, fortunately, many companies are thinking of ways to improve Hybrid cars because if we don‘t stop driving gasoline powered vehicles, the earth’s resources will be destroyed. Driving a car is the worst pollutant. Despite attempts to make engines more fuel efficient and the increase in antipollution devices, emissions from passenger vehicles are increasing in Canada and the US. The main cause of this problem is that cars are getting bigger and consumers are driving pick-up trucks and sports vehicles instead of smaller, lighter passenger vehicles. The average new car in 2001 consumed more fuel than the average car in 1988. In 1987 cars averaged 25.9 miles to the gallon in the...
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...Applied Research Paper: Superior Rentals Learning Team B Comm/215 July 14, 2014 Linda Camp Applied Research Paper: Superior Rentals As the business world looks to the future, they are leaning toward a more modern approach. Businesses are going "green" and using recyclable products in their industries. Being an environmentally aware company helps to promote a business, cut costs, and, most importantly, keeps our earth healthy. There are many reasons for a business to become more environmentally responsible. A healthier workplace, positive public response, reduced waste, and legal and tax advantages (Lorette, 2014) are just a few reasons Superior Rentals, Inc. should "go green.” Environmental responsibility begins with research and continues with the implementation of new methods and ideologies to promote a "green" company and a better world. The proposed methods, contained herein, are financially responsible, and relatively simple to incorporate into Superior Rentals, Inc.'s business plan. When businesses “go green,” the impact on the environment is substantial. Superior Rentals, Inc. can positively affect its local market and the world with environmentally sound practices. Alternatives and Discussion Research indicates the following alternatives for Superior Rentals, Inc., and includes discussion of the effectiveness of each alternative. Using Tablets/Going Paperless Using a tablet in place of a cash register has many benefits. Tablets...
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...SCI 115 M3 Assignment 2 Hybrid Car Research Click Link Below To Buy: http://hwaid.com/shop/sci-115-m3-assignment-2-hybrid-car-research/ A hybrid car is a motor vehicle that uses two or more different sources of power. In most hybrids, you will find an internal combustion engine in addition to an electrical motor. Depending on how the vehicle is driven and the availability of power, the car uses gasoline and battery power alternately. In this assignment, you will research five different hybrid cars and evaluate their impact on the environment. Using the readings for this module, the Argosy University online library resources, and the Internet, do the following: • Identify the top five most popular choices of hybrid cars. Analyze the advantages and disadvantages of each car’s technology, price, manufacturing, and impact on environment. Include the scientific principles involved in the technology. • Determine which type of car would work best for you and your family. Justify your decision based on your analysis of the five hybrid cars. • Explain the impact these cars will have on the United States’ economy. Consider the following issues in your analysis: consumer buying, sustainability, recycling, and fuel economy. • Evaluate the impact that hybrid-car technology has had or could have on the United States’ political relationships with oil-producing countries. Be sure to include an analysis of economic issues such as production, supply, and trade. • Describe...
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... Ngufor Chiawah Hilary NGUFOR CHIAWAH HILARY-000636368 Grade Awarded___________ Moderation required: yes/no For Office Use Only__________ Tutor______________________ Final Grade_________ Date _______________ ANALYSING THE IMPACT OF THE INTRODUCTION OF HYBRID CARS ON THE AUTOMOBILE INDUSTRY IN THE UK Abstract Hybrid cars are an emerging aspect in contemporary automobile technology. Hybrid cars have existed for over one hundred years. However the benefits from such cars have not been acknowledged for all this time until in recent years. Generally speaking a hybrid car is one which uses two power engines to pull the vehicle. The introduction of hybrid cars has been hailed greatly, mostly by international organisations, governments, nongovernmental organisations (NGOs,) and individuals. Many car manufacturers are continuously getting involved with the production of hybrid cars with Toyota being the highest producer of the cars and having the highest sales [1]. These cars are most used in Europe. Hybrid cars were introduced to combat the effects of the gasoline cars vis-a-vis environmental concerns, but also for political reasons. Research shows that the carbon emission from petrol and diesel cars has a depleting effect o n the ozone layer (a gas...
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...automobiles. But that’s harmful for our environment because of fuelled are burned and also polluted environment and reduce our natural resources. So, we need to save our planet and by researched we find out Hybrid cars are very effective way to reduce carbon emission. The currently popular paradigm for discussing the environment originated in the 1970s, when the ideas of global warming and finite oil reserves were first proposed (Minton & Rose 1997; Pelletier et al. 1998). While some debate continues on the veracity of these propositions, this thinking has influenced the way people live by increasing their efforts to reduce energy use and to have fewer by-products as a result of consumption. It has been suggested that this type of thinking has led some consumers to prefer products like the Prius (Jansson, Marrell & Nordlund 2009). An area that is related to a consumer’s choice of car is the choice of fuel. Four thousand Swedish drivers were surveyed on their level of eco-sensitivity and the type of vehicle fuel they used (Jansson, Marell & Norlund 2009). Many manufacturers now sell hybrid and low emission vehicles with planet saving claims about their CO2 emissions. In fact, the demand for environmentally friendly cars has grown to such an extent that now almost 25% of new cars have a claimed CO2 emissions level below 140g/km and 5% claim CO2 emissions below 120g/km. Consumers...
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... March 11th, 2012 To: From: Subject: Proposal to Research Alternative Energy in Vehicles I have received your RFP and have written up a proposal based on the requirements you have listed. This proposal outlines the research I would like to continue regarding the feasibility of alternative energy sources in vehicles, particularly in hybrid vehicles. I have included a summary of the topic, a description of the graphics I plan to use, deadlines that will be met, costs involved, and an outline for the report. I am quite eager to research this topic more and appreciate you taking the time to read through this proposal. If you need to get a hold of me, you can reach me at bpryan@ualberta.ca. Attached: “Proposal: Are Hybrids Really That Good?” Proposal: Are Hybrids Really That Good? Introduction The following is a proposal to write a research report analysing the efficiency and environmental sustainability of switching from a traditional fuel burning vehicle to a hybrid. This proposal will contain some information on the contents of the research paper, a presumed audience level, a schedule and outline for the areas I will address in the paper, as well as my qualifications for researching this topic. A budget as well as a list of project deadlines will also be added to the end of this proposal. With regards to my topic, it will focus on the most common type of hybrid: the electric hybrid. This vehicle combines an internal combustion engine with one or more...
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...Lotus Car Rental Alternative Fuel Assessment Erik Larson, Linda Sherman, Christopher Sessoms Comm/215 February 2, 2013 Winifred Winstead Donnelly Introduction The creation of a fleet of alternative fuel sourced automobiles would be a wise decision for the Lotus Car Rental Company. There are two major issues that are on the minds of people these days, the environment and money. By creating a fleet of alternative fuel based automobiles the Lotus Rental Care Company can help ease the fears of people in both categories. By having the ingenuity to have a fleet of alternative fuel automobiles; the Lotus Car Rental will set themselves apart from the rest of the rental car companies. Lotus Car Care will be the leaders in environmentally safe car rentals. The following research paper will discuss the background of this topic, the costs of working with alternative fuel automobiles, the technical aspects of alternative fuel, the environmental aspects of alternative fuel as well as discuss some recommendations for the Lotus Car Rental Company. Background The Lotus Car Rental Company is looking into adding a fleet of alternative fuel sourced vehicles to their supply. Alternative fuel sourced vehicles are classified as being resources other than petroleum. A few of these sources are produced here locally and some are derived from renewable sources. They often produce less pollution than does gasoline. ("Alternative Fuel Vehicles", 2012). Hybrids are also considered to...
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...Business Research Methods, Part III Robert LaFond, Taylor Norman, Zephyr Scott, Vennita Watson QNT 561 May 13, 2013 Sripathi Nilkar Introduction As Ford Motor Company continues to seek ways to improve its current hybrid vehicles, the company will conduct a statistical analysis of the results of the questionnaires returned by its customers. Through this analysis, Ford Motor Company will be able to identify challenges that the company faces as well as the steps needed to reduce these challenges and improving both the company’s product and image. Statistical Analysis The results gathered from the questionnaire immensely helped Ford understand new aspects of an improved Hybrid vehicle. Subject 1 was the owner of a 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid. Subject 1 has had 4 scheduled maintenance jobs performed on the car in the past year. On average, Subject 1 only drove 100 miles per week. Usually, scheduled maintenance is performed depending on the gas mileage of the car i.e. oil changes, tire rotation and balance, etc. Subject 1 took good care of their car over the past year, but still had two serious additional car problems. The 2010 Ford Fusion Hybrid costs Subject 1 on average $127.06 a week in gasoline. This customer is only satisfied at level 3. Being that this is only a three year old car, these problems point to inefficiencies with manufacturing. Both are costly for the owner to replace. Subject 2 is the owner of a 2012 Toyota Prius. Scheduled maintenance was performed...
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...Adding Alternative Fuel Vehicles to Lotus Rental Car In an effort to bring down the gasoline cost for his fleet, Lotus Car's Chief Financial Officer is looking at the possibility of adding alternative fuel vehicles to its fleet. To make a sound decision, she decided to hire a consultant firm that would review and determine if implementing the addition of alternative vehicles would benefit the company. By performing thorough research, the consultants will first perform a comparison between gas vehicles and alternative fuel vehicles. The consultant will then determine the advantages and disadvantages of adding alternative vehicles to Lotus Rental Car Company. Before the decision is made to add alternative-fuel vehicles to the Lotus fleet, we need to determine if AFVs truly are a feasible option. We must first acquire an understanding of alternative-fuel vehicles. As discovered in our research, there are currently a wide variety of alternative-fuel vehicles being used today. Alternative-fuel vehicles can operate on fuels other than gasoline or diesel. They come in a variety of forms, from commuter cars to large 18-wheelers. Using alternative fuels helps reduce our nation's dependence on imported oil and improves air quality. The Energy Policy Act of 1992 (EPAct) defines alternative fuels as electricity, ethanol, natural gas, propane, methanol, hydrogen, and biodiesel (U.S. Department of Energy, What is the Energy Policy Act of 1992, para. 2). Gas prices all over the world have...
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...Sales of hybrid and plug-in electric vehicles fell to a 16-month low in May, dragged down by real and imagined supply constraints and increased competition from lower-priced gas-powered small cars, reports Edmunds’ AutoObserver.com, the premier online resource for automotive industry analysis. May sales of hybrid and electric-drive vehicles were off 35.8 percent from a year earlier, lead by dramatic declines in sales of Toyota and Honda models. Overall, Toyota and Lexus hybrids dropped 45.1 percent for the month. Honda, the second-largest producer of hybrids, saw its sales in the segment fall 29 percent in May. "For those selling hybrids, it is incredibly bad luck that the Japanese earthquake and associated production disruptions occurred as gas prices were reaching their highest levels in three years," said Edmunds.com Chief Economist Lacey Plache. "While Japanese automakers may well gain back their lost share on other vehicles, hybrids will face an even steeper climb back to previous levels, given the greater and growing competition from fuel-efficient, non-hybrid vehicles." Leading the slump was the decline in Toyota Prius sales, which traditionally account for about half of the hybrid market. A total of 6,924 Priuses were sold in May, down 51 percent from the same month last year. Low supply and higher prices have made the popular hybrid less palatable to consumers. A pricing analysis by Edmunds.com found that the effective cost of a new Prius was $2,500 more in May than...
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...Research Paper on Hybrid Cars The cars we use all over the world are detrimental to our Earth’s environment. In the United States, air quality often fails to meet federal standards. Air pollution, water pollution, global warming, and ozone depletion are some of the problems we face each day that reflect the consequences of our actions. The cars we drive emit exhaust gas, whose harmful elements cause acid rain and global warming. As a result of growing environmental concerns, the US government has been trying to resolve these problems. One such solution is the Hybrid car, which can save resources by giving off less emission. However, among the many benefits of Hybrid cars, there are also some drawbacks as well. Hybrids still exhaust some emissions, and their large batteries require frequent replacement. Now, fortunately, many companies are thinking of ways to improve Hybrid cars because if we don‘t stop driving gasoline powered vehicles, the earth’s resources will be destroyed. Driving a car is the worst pollutant. Despite attempts to make engines more fuel efficient and the increase in antipollution devices, emissions from passenger vehicles are increasing in Canada and the US. The main cause of this problem is that cars are getting bigger and consumers are driving pick-up trucks and sports vehicles instead of smaller, lighter passenger vehicles. The average new car in 2001 consumed more fuel than the average car in 1988. In 1987 cars averaged 25.9 miles to the gallon in...
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...ENG207: English for Engineering Multidisciplinary Project Final Report The Green Cars By Name Major ID Aliyu Tukur Chemical Engineer 42426 Mohamed El-Lakkis Mechanical Engineering 36522 Muhammad Fawad Mechanical Engineering 42195 Sheikh Salman Kabir Electrical Engineering 39907 Date of Submittal: 21/5/2013 Submitted to Dr. Tharwat M. EL-Sakran Table of Contents Cover Page 1 List of Tables 4 List of Figures 5 Abstract 6 1. Introduction 8 2. The Automotive engine 10 2.1 Introduction to the Four-Stroke Engine 10 2.1.1 Intake Stroke: 11 2.1.2Compression stroke 11 2.1.3 Power stroke: 11 2.1.4 Exhaust stroke: 12 2.2 Types of engines: 14 3. The Hybrid Car Concept 15 3.1 Why Hybrid cars? 15 3.2 The Cost of transportation: 16 3.3 The rate of fossil fuel depletion: 17 3.4 Reduction of pollutants, greenhouse gases: 17 3.5 Regenerative Breaking: 18 3.6 Engine size reduction: 19 3.7 Constant loading in acceleration and deceleration: 19 3.8 Benefits in urban area (even lesser fuel consumption) 21 4. Emissions 21 4.1 Oxides of Nitrogen 22 4.2 Carbon Monoxide 23 4.3 Carbon Dioxide 24 4.4 Unburned Hydrocarbon & Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) 25 5. Alternatives 26 5.1 HYBRID CARS 26 5.2 HYDROGEN FUEL CELL CARS 27 6. Battery Technology 28 6.1 Batteries used in Hybrid Cars 28 6.1.1 Lead-acid battery 29 6.1.2 Nickel-metal hydride 30 6.1.3 Lithium-ion...
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...Toyota Prius Marketing Plan Market Research Assignment Adam Dunphy Rachel MacKenzie Maura Woodman Kyle Wotton Professor BhaskerMukerji BSAD: 231 November 29, 2011 Toyota, the largest automotive manufacture in the world needed to take a leadership role in developing a more sustainable method of transportation. Toyota has a leadership role in quality control by bringinglean practices to the manufacturing process. The term lean was coined by Toyota to create flow in the workplace and the work environment (Wikipedia-Lean Manufacturing, 2013).Toyota is focused on making a product that will help the natural environment and cut down on waste. Our new line of Hybrids shows our corporate commitment to innovation and environmental sustainability. The following marketing programs outlines the ways in which Toyota will evaluate the macro-environment, determine a target market for the Hybrid line, as well as our plans for the product its self, a pricing strategy, our placement of the product as well as promotion efforts. One of the big questions is why? Why did we create this product; well it is simply because there was a massive demand for it. Oil prices are through the roof, and consumers do not want to spend their paychecks at the pumps. In 2008, there was a huge spike in the oil prices. This spike has temporarily decreased but oil prices are predicted to rise again soon. Both consumer households and government are demanding us to create a new product...
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...Date: Jan 14, 2016 To: CEO - Easy to Be Green Subject: Request to Offer a Deal to Employees to Bur Hybrid Cars Having done thorough research, Easy to Be Green (EBG) Director of research has seen that there have been drop in sales because of not providing satisfactory service to the clients. As a result our company has decided to provide eco-friendly services to our client. I have seen that there are companies offering a deal to employees to buy hybrid cars. There are lots of benefits to buy hybrid cars. That helps to save gas, environment friendly and also increase company credibility. Yesterday I was walking through the company parking lot and observed that most of the company employees drive SUV’s, pick-ups, and other gas guzzlers. Also I observed that you also own the luxury sedan car. Moreover, company’s service and delivery vans are also not environmental friendly. I have done a thorough research and decided to develop a plan to upgrade our company vehicle as well as also request employees to upgrade their vehicles to Hybrid cars in place of their existing SUV’s and pick-ups vans. We should also upgrade our company vehicle to hybrid vans. I have contacted a local hybrid car dealer and they are ready to give a very good deal to our existing employees who buy hybrid cars from them. I strongly feel that the benefits of this plan is to save on gas, helps in good public relations, and also helpful in the environment, and in increased company esprit de...
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...manufacturers to begin producing hybrid vehicle; first four door hybrid sedan was unveiled by Toyota in 2000. The Toyota Prius’ success encouraged it competitors to roll out their hybrid cars as well setting a common standard for environmentally friendly and efficient vehicles. The relationship of consumer and manufacturer in the car industry on a macro level has always been one in relative equilibrium. As demand increases the car manufacturers have increased supply. The green movement in the United States pushed for hybrid vehicles and car manufacturers responded by producing more vehicles, making the supply line more open. The next venture for an ultimate environmentally friendly vehicle has been the all-electric, plug-in vehicles. The market for all electric vehicles is heavily influenced by numerous variables: government influence to decrease gas consumption, media attitude for a green planet to decrease the potential effects of global warming, and –the big one- gas both its supply influenced by international politics and its consistent rising cost. The production of hybrid cars has increased profoundly since Toyota first released the Prius in 2000. Competitors such as a Ford and GM began releasing hybrids in 2004 and 2007 respectively; increasing consumer options from 2 hybrid vehicles to 10. The graph below shows hybrid market share breakdown in the United States: The table below shows the increasing proportion of hybrid vehicles sold from 2000 to 2006...
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