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Hypokalemia Interventions

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Submitted By Relevantc
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Hypokalemia Interventions Medical therapies:

Diet therapy:

1) Increase potassium in the diet. Used only in mild deficits or prevention of deficits. (Twenty inches of bananas yields 20 mEqs of potassium.)
2) Give salt substitute that contains potassium for prevention

Drug therapy:

1) IV fluids with KCl
· Should be on a pump
· Will cause vein irritation and phlebitis
· Never given IV push
· No more than 20 mEqs/hr
2) Oral KCl

Other nursing interventions

1) Monitor manifestations
2) Assess for complications
1. Assess for and report signs and symptoms of third-spacing:
A. ascites
B. dyspnea and diminished or absent breath sounds
C. evidence of vascular depletion (e.g. postural hypotension; weak, rapid pulse; decreased urine output)
D. chest x-ray results showing pleural effusion.
2. Monitor serum albumin levels. Report below-normal levels (low serum albumin levels result in fluid shifting out of vascular space because albumin normally maintains plasma colloid osmotic pressure).
3. Implement measures to prevent further third-spacing and/or promote mobilization of fluid back into vascular space:
A. encourage client to rest periodically in a recumbent position if tolerated (lying flat promotes venous return and results in lower venous hydrostatic pressure with subsequent reshifting of fluid back into vascular space)
B. administer albumin infusions if ordered to increase colloid osmotic pressure
C. perform actions to decrease pancreatic stimulation (see Diagnosis 4, action d.5) in order to decrease inflammation and activation of vasoactive plasma peptides and subsequently decrease vascular permeability.
4. Consult physician if signs and symptoms of third-spacing persist or worsen.

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