Free Essay

I Am a Boy

In: English and Literature

Submitted By RSMER
Words 548
Pages 3
Структура личного письма Город/Место отправления/Ort Дата/Datum

Обращение / Anrede

Обращение в связи с полученным письмом / Einleitung im Zusammenhang zu dem erhaltenen Brief

Основная часть: текст письма в соответствии с коммуникативной задачей или с целью коммуникации / Text des Briefes orientiert auf das Ziel der schriftlichen Kommunikation

Заключительная часть: посыл для нового письма / Schlussworte und ein neuer Schreibanlass

Прощание / Abschiedsworte

Подпись / Unterschrift

Лингвистические особенности письма:

Порядок слов: предпочтительно ставить на первое место наречия места и времени действия (letztes Jahr, im Moment, erst heute, morgen, aus deinem Brief, zu Hause, in der Schule…)

Рекомендуется использовать в письме соединительные слова (dann, danach, damit, nun,zuletzt), соединительные союзы (nicht nur…, sondern auch…, weder… noch…, zwar… aber…) и соединительные предложения (Wenn ich mich nicht irre, … So viel ich weiß, …Ehrlich gesagt ,…Was mich angeht, …)

Рекомендуется использовать слова благодарности, радости, неудовольствия, сожаления, удивления (Es freut mich sehr, dass … Ich bedauere… Es scheint mir… Leider… Es tut mir leid, aber… Die Sache ist nämlich so…)

Управление глаголов, наиболее часто встречающихся в письменной речи: gratulieren D zu D, warten auf A, danken D für A, antworten auf A, sich bedanken bei D für A, fragen nach D sich verabschieden von D,

Следует использовать слова, выражающие отношение автора письменного высказывания к описываемым событиям:

Утверждение: bestimmt, gewiss, natürlich, selbstredend, selbstverständlich, sicher, tatsächlich, unbedingt, unzweifelhaft, wahrhaftig, wirklich, zweifellos, zweifelsohne

Ограничение: allerdings, eigentlich, freilich

Сомнение: wohl, vielleicht, vermutlich, möglicherweise, wahrscheinlich, kaum, angeblich

Предположение: anscheinend, offenbar, offensichtlich, scheinbar, vermutlich, wohl, wahrscheinlich, hoffentlich

Отрицание: keinesfalls, keineswegs, gar nicht

Удовлетворение: erstaunlicherweise, glücklicherweise, hoffentlich, lieber, gottlob

Сожаление: bedauerlicherweise, leider, unglücklicherweise

Структура сочинения с элементами рассуждения. Характеристика этапов создания письменной работы.
|Вступление (составляет 10% от общего объема) |Постановка общей проблемы с использованием перифраза, пословиц, изречений, ссылок на авторитетное|
|Einleitung - erklären Sie das Problem in allgemeinen Zügen |мнение, риторического вопроса или соответствующего клише письменного высказывания. |
|Основная часть (составляет 80% от общего объема) |Аргументация по проблемной тематике : собственное мнение (согласие/несогласие с высказанным |
|Ihre persönliche Stellungnahme zum Problem; erläutern Sie Ihre Meinung; |утверждением), его обоснование и логично выстроенная аргументация с указанием личного опыта, |
|Nennen Sie Gegenargumente und erklären Sie, warum Sie mit diesen nicht einverstanden sind. |переживаний, событий, фактов, проиллюстрированных примерами из различных областей знаний; |
| |рассмотрение проблемы с других точек зрения (контраргументы, недостатки) и обоснование позиции |
| |автора. |
| |Следует использовать соответствующие клише письменной аргументации. |
|Заключение (составляет 10% от общего объема) |Обобщение, выводы, заключительное суждение. Возможен главный убедительный довод, аргумент, не |
|Schlussfolgerungen: Formulieren Sie ein abschließende Urteil |упоминавшийся ранее, который является ответом на поставленный во вступительной части вопрос. |
| |Не следует пренебрегать использованием клише письменного высказывания для резюме. |

Некоторые клише для письма:
…, vielen Dank für deinen Brief. Du schreibst über A… Schreibe mir bitte über …A. Ich würde mich freuen über deine Antwort/ deinen Brief. Viele Grüße.

Средства логической связи письменного высказывания для вступительной и заключительной частей:
Es sei betont, dass… Das Problem besteht darin… Das Thema läutet… Es geht darum…
Ich möchte darauf hinweisen, dass… Es gibt folgendes Problem… Insgesamt ist festzustellen, dass…
Zum Schluss noch ein Paar Worte über/zu… Als abschließendes Urteil sei/wäre… Also…

Лексические и речевые средства аргументированного высказывания:
Aus meiner Sicht… Ich stimme dieser Meinung(nicht) zu… Das kommt darauf an… Das liegt daran, dass…
Ich möchte noch Folgendes klären… Aus dem Grund / deswegen / darum / deshalb / daher…
…weil, da…, denn…, damit…, um…zu…, indem… (dadurch, das…) Ich bin dafür/dagegen…
Einerseits…andererseits…

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