...Industrial Organization Psychology By: Christy Whitworth PSY/ 435 May 28, 2012 Frank Del Grosso Jr. Industrial Organizational Psychology Industrial/Organizational psychology (I/O) psychology is a branch of psychology of which places focus upon workplace behaviors, ways upon which an employer can retrain happy employees, motivated employees and increase employee productivity. A more accurate definition would include that I/O psychology applies to time proven methods that organizations place value and have true concerns upon the work place environment, dealing with anyone who has ever been employed, held a held a job for a significant period of time, or career (Spector, 2008). Describe the Evolution of the Field of I/O Psychology According to McMillan, Stevens, and Kelloway (2009), “Almost every account of the development of Industrial/ Organizational (I/O) psychology in the United States emphasizes the formative influence of the military and military requirements particularly during the World Wars it is cited as the catalyst that brought I/O psychology out of the closet of academia.” (pg. 283) The history of I/O psychology has two individuals credited with the start of the field, Hugo Munsterberg and Walter Dill Scott. Both Munsterberg and Scott were experimental psychologist, and university professors whom became involved with the application of psychology to problems within organizations (Spector, 2008). By Spector’s account I/O psychology is a twentieth century...
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...Fundamental Concepts of Industrial and Organizational Psychology The “American Psychological Association” (2012) website explains industrial and organizational (I/O) psychology as a general practice specialty of professional psychology that focuses on scientifically based solutions toward human difficulties in work and other organizational settings. I/O psychology provides solutions by way of development and application of scientific principles to the workplace (Spector, 2008). This discipline contains a facet that focuses on research as well as an application facet. Some in I/O psychology invest much of their time conducting and cataloguing research regarding people at work, while others focus on the application of the concepts generated from such research. A general overview with an emphasis on the evolution, the contrast toward other disciplines, the use of, and the role of research can provide a clear understanding of industrial and organizational psychology. Amidst the full swing of the industrial revolution, factory managers were faced with the challenge of maximizing resources. Challenges like this created a need for workplace psychology and I/O psychology quickly filled that need. The beginning stages of this discipline solely placed emphasis on the industrial component of the workplace and viewed the employees as expendable (Spector, 2008). At this stage industrial psychology sought solutions toward creating the greatest return for the least amount...
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...University of Phoenix Material Industrial/Organizational Psychology Worksheet The purpose of this assignment is to examine the fundamental concepts of the field of industrial/organizational psychology. Using the textbook, the University Library, the Internet, and/or other resources, answer the following questions. Your responses to each question will vary but overall should be 700- to 1,050-words in length. 1. Describe the evolution of the field of industrial/organizational psychology. According to Spector (2012) “I/O psychology is an eclectic field that has borrowed concepts, ideas, techniques, and theories from many other disciplines.” (p. 5). Industrial and organizational psychology, or something similar can be traced back to the studies of European scientist Herman von Helmholtz (1821-1894). He expanded on the concept of conservation of human energy to determine if the energy levels in the present labor force were sufficient to the increasing demands of the industrial revolution (Koppes, & Pickren (n.d). English philosopher John Locke (1632-1704) surmised that knowledge begins with the individual’s sensory experience. He further believed that logical thinking combined with sensory experience was superior to religion as a basis for developing a civil society (Koppes, & Pickren, n.d.). Another philosopher, Karl Marx (1818-1883) argued that freedom defined what it is to be human. He believed that a struggle for freedom existed in a capitalist system because...
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...Industrial and Organizational Psychology Paper Janeen Tipton PSY/435 September 3, 2012 Saakshi Malik Industrial and Organizational Psychology Paper In the realm of science there are many fields of psychology; clinical, abnormal, child development and industrial psychology. Out of those, industrial/organizational (I/O) psychology not only deals with the individual, but also the organizations that such individuals may be employed at. It is theorized that the early development began in 1885 but to better understand the development one must have a clear view of what an I/O psychologists is and what their main objectives are as well as how research and statistics play a crucial role. Industrial and Organizational Psychology Industrial and Organizational psychology (I/O) psychology is the study of organizations and how scientifically-based solutions to human problems in the work place (American Psychological Association, 2012, p.1. para. 1). Such areas that I/O psychologists would have knowledge due to some form of training done at the doctorial level are: • Assessment methods • Job Analysis • Career Development • Job Evaluation, Performance, and Work Motivation • Business Skills (American Psychological Association, 2012, p. 1) There are services that an I/O will and can provide to the company/organization for which one is employed. These services include aiding with the hiring process by forming...
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...of Phoenix Material Industrial/Organizational Psychology Worksheet The purpose of this assignment is to examine the fundamental concepts of the field of industrial/organizational psychology. Using the textbook, the University Library, the Internet, and/or other resources, answers the following questions. Your responses to each question will vary but overall should be 700- to 1,050-words in length. 1. Describe the evolution of the field of industrial/organizational psychology. I/O psychology was founded in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s. Experimental psychologist was the first to apply the principles of psychology to problems in organizations (Spector, 2012). As these researchers have improved they have reached a lot more organizations in the century of today. Hugo Munsteberg and Walter Dill Scott where the two experimental psychologist whom started and have applied problems of organizations to psychology. These men where interested in the same thing in the research process of I/O psychology. World War I was the beginning of I/O psychology to assist the war. Another event that I/O psychology helped was Civil Rights Act of 1964 which helped to improve the hiring and treatment of employees (Spector, 2012). I/O psychology also helped discrimination against women and minorities in the workplace. I/O psychology also helped to improve organizations and work conditions for employees. This kind of psychology has also help with the right of men and women of...
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...and Organizational Psychology Melissa Wojcik PSY 435 May 28, 2012 James Cunningham Industrial and Organizational Psychology The area of industrial and organizational psychology has been studied since the infancy of psychology itself (Spector, 2008). Originally, industrial and organizational psychology was concerned with the industrial side of the field that concentrated on the management aspects of business and emphasized human resources as opposed to the organization side, which is concerned with improving work conditions in the workplace. As the field has grown over the years it has come to include the complete range of industry and organization. Strictly speaking, industrial and organizational psychology is defined by “an applied field that is concerned with the development and application of scientific principles to the workplace” (Spector, 2008, p. 5). On the practical level, the aim of industrial and organizational psychology is to, “improve the quality of the environment for employees as well as to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of employee behavior in that environment” (Barnes-Holmes, 2006, p. 56). The concise definition and practical application of industrial and organizational psychology are only the capstone to an understanding of the length and breadth of the field. A full examination of the evolution of industrial and organizational psychology as well as an explanation of how research and statistics work throughout I/O psychology are needed to form...
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...Industrial and Organizational Psychology Ronda White Industrial and Organizational Psychology PSY 435 April 2, 2012 Ronald Goodnight Industrial and Organizational Psychology Although industrial and organizational (I/O) psychology is an invention of the 20th century, roots of the profession begin in the late 1800s, and early 1900s with the infancy of psychology itself. These pioneers concerning themselves solely upon the industrial side of the profession had interests in placing into work new principles of psychology to improve efficiency in organization, and job performance. Through this beginning, I/O psychology continues to expand and develop into the psychological discipline it is today. A simple definition or practical applications of I/O psychology are the mere pinnacles in understanding the scope of the discipline. Examining the evolution of I/O psychology, in addition to explaining the role of research and statistics in I/O psychology will reveal the foundation upon which the pinnacles rest (Spector, 2008). Evolution of I/O Psychology The credit for the development of I/O psychology lies with Walter Dill and Hugo Münsterberg. Both individuals were professors and experimental psychologists who began applying principles of psychology to organization’s problems. Münsterberg’s interests in employee selection processes brought about the use of psychological testing. His inability to gain acceptability and respect for his theories at Harvard, or...
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...STANLEY CHUA T H E R OA D T O O FFI C E R S H I P SHINGLEE PUBLISHERS PTE LTD 120 Hillview Avenue #05-06/07 Kewalram Hillview Singapore 669594 Tel: 6760 1388 Fax: 6762 5684 / 6762 3247 email: info@shinglee.com.sg http://www.shinglee.com.sg ©SHINGLEE PUBLISHERS PTE LTD All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Publishers. ISBN 978 981 237 483 7 Printed in Singapore This book is dedicated to my former boss and mentor, Major General Ng Chee Khern, Chief of Air Force (2006-2009), to whom I owe my deepest respect, appreciation and most heartfelt gratitude. 3 4 You’re almost done with . The next challenge is . adolescence National Service leadership survival skills Now’s the time to hone your and for life. 5 Major (NS) Stanley Chua is the founder and lead trainer of NS Formulas, a private consultancy that psychologically prepares youths to flourish in National Service (NS). 6 Stanley previously served in the Ministry of Defence for over 10 years. As Head, Air Force Psychologist in the Defence Psychology Department (2009-2010), his job scope included preparing soldiers mentally for operations and building their resilience, teamwork and morale. He has also published essays on a range of topics, including the psychological dimensions of peacekeeping...
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...industrial/organizational psychology. Explain how industrial/organizational psychology is different from other disciplines of psychology. Discuss how industrial/organization psychology can be used in organizations. Explain the role of research and statistics in industrial/organizational psychology. Industrial/Organizational Psychology Industrial/Organizational Psychology Define Industrial/Organizational Psychology A simple definition of Industrial/Organizational (I/O) Psychology would be, a branch of psychology that focuses on workplace behavior and focuses on ways to keep employees happy and motivated (www.ehow.com). The more appropriate definition, however, would include that I/O psychology applies proven methods that organizations find of value and are concerned with the workplace environment and therefore deals with anyone who has ever held a job or has been in a career (Spector, 2008, p. 5). Describe the Evolution of the Field of I/O Psychology Two psychologists are credited with being the main founders of I/O psychology; Hugo Munsterberg and Walter Dill Scott. Both men were experimental psychologists and university professors who became involved in applying psychology to problems of organizations (Spector, 2008, p. 10). I/O psychology is considered a twentieth century invention according to Spector (p. 9) and it has existed almost from the beginning of the psychology field (Spector, 2008, p. 9). Major milestones in the evolution of I/O psychology include the firs...
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...Organizational Psychology? Beyounka Bonner PSYCH 570 March 2, 2014 Dr. Vicki Koenig What is Organizational Psychology? According to Britt and Jex (2008), organizational psychology is grounded in scientifically studying one’s behavior and interactions that one has within the workplace, as well as other organizations. Organizational psychology has an extreme effect on a company’s success rate; it has an impact on a company’s work performance, gratification, security, healthiness, and overall well-being of a company’s employees. Research on employee’s behaviors and assertiveness, methods on how improvements can be made to the company’s hiring process, training programs, and managerial coordination are all conducted by organizational psychologists. Organizational psychologists assist organizations in transitioning through different times of adjustments, growth, and developments. There are many factors that may influence the way in which one behaves in an organization, such as, the structure of an organization, societal norms, managing styles, and the expectation of different roles. Although the field of organizational psychology is indebted to the study of organizations that are formal, it is not to say that the organization will always be one that is a business or that is one for profit; which is a common misconception about this field (Britt & Jex, 2008). This essay will explore the field of organizational psychology. Evolution of Organizational Psychology The...
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...INTERVIEW A PROFESSIONAL IN THE FIELD Matthew J. Rick Senior Seminar in Psychology American Military University 09/17/13 Abstract For my interview I came up with several questions pertaining to becoming a Military Psychologist and what the job entails. My goal was to find out what a Military Psychologist does and if it is better to be an active duty Psychologist or a civilian. Throughout the interview I got the impression from the Psychologist that I interview that she loved what she is doing. She mentioned that there isn’t anything else that she would want to do. Over the course of this interview I was able to get all my questions answered and felt that I received strait forward answers and not just what I wanted to hear. Being a military Psychologist entails a lot more than I thought it did however it is still a very intriguing career field. I have listed all the questions that were asked during this interview along with the answers that where given by the interviewee. Where can you apply for a military psychologist job? To become a Psychologist in the Military there are multiple ways to go about it first you can become a Psychologist in the Military by talking to a medical officer recruiter to find out the requirements and to get you started. If you are interested in becoming a civilian Psychologist with the military and already possess a license to practice in the state where the base is located you can apply for jobs on USA jobs website. (Dr...
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...Industrial/Organizational Psychology Worksheet The purpose of this assignment is to examine the fundamental concepts of the field of industrial/organizational psychology. Using the textbook, the University Library, the Internet, and/or other resources, answer the following questions. Your responses to each question will vary but overall should be 700- to 1,050-words in length. Describe the evolution of the field of industrial/organizational psychology? The field of industrial/organizational psychology has been around since the late 1800's early 1900's and is rapidly growing. In the beginning, the first psychologists to practice industrial/organizational psychology was experimental psychologists ( ). Originally starting in the United Kingdom with the focus on employee health and level of fatigue. When industrial/organizational psychology was founded in the United States it was by American Psychologists Hugo Munsterberg and Walter Dill Scott. The field of industrial/organizational psychology went through a series of major events, all occurring in the United States. Another key figure was Frederick Taylor, who pioneered Scientific Mangagement; his approach on handling production workers in factories. It was Taylor who believed that there was four key factors or guidelines for all employees, across the board. It is the husband and wife team of Lilian & Frank Gilbreth who are credited as the first to receive a Industrial/Organizational Psychology degree. Most credit Bruce...
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...Psychology in the Business World: The Opportunities and Challenges for a Psychology Major 1. Background of the Study 2.1 How can psychology be defined? Ciccarelli and White (2012), defines psychology as the “scientific study of behavior and mental processes”. Merriam-Webster dictionary (2014), on the other hand, defines psychology as “the science of mind and behavior”. It generally is a field that revolves about how and why a living thing act and behave and the processes in the mind that comes with the behavior. The American Psychological Association (2014) furthermore defines psychology as a study concerning the mind and behavior of the human being, involving everything from how the brain functions to why a certain person behaves. Basically, psychology is a field that studies human and their behavior with the goal of analysis on the mind as to why their behavior is such. 2.2 What are the uses of psychology in the business world? Psychology can be used in the business world by means of helping the employees achieve their optimum performance level and still be happy about their job (Society for Industrial and Organizational Psychology, Inc. [SIOP], 2014). Psychologists work in the human resources department, in the managerial department, in the administration, and more. It is use to develop and utilize an employee’s ability to perform even better at his job. Psychology is used to ensure harmony amongst the people in the organization. It is also concerned...
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...What is the History of Psychology? Cindi Gould Dr. Evans Ottawa University I viewed a very different video that chronologically laid out a historical map of psychology on youtube. The video was narrated completely in robotic voice or that of an artificial person and let me just say I really found it creepy. I understand that the video was going toward the play into artificial intelligence and that was more than likely his play on the narration, but it was hard to follow and to absorb. The narration lacked the warmth and emotion a human would have put into the narration. The video lacked the attention grabbing WOW factor that are needed to keep anyone’s attention and help him or her retain the information. I would have used a human for narration, used brighter font and backgrounds. Over the course of seven weeks we have learned about many of the influential psychologist throughout history and their contributions to the field of Psychology. Meneton touched on a few that were influential but he also left out some great accomplishments that were amazing to me. He never once mentioned the women that fought for a place in the male dominated world of psychology. Christine Ladd-Franklin is one of them; she paved the way for women in everywhere. Although Pavlov was a contender and is well known even by non-psychologists for his classical conditioning he paved the way for psychology to develop into behaviorism. Meneton didn’t mention what I found to be fascination...
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...my case study I have chosen psychology as my major. There are many factors that influenced me to choose psychology as my focus. The main influence is the love I have for helping people. Nothing bothers me more than seeing someone in distress and not being able to assist or help them. For years, I have been that friend to talk to, to give advice and also mediate problems between co-workers. This is something I grew instinctively drawn too. I want to be able to make an impact in this world, and I honestly feel that psychology would lead me in that direction. Moreover, the bowling company that I run has been going in a positive direction for the last 10 years. The relationships between employees and owners are beneficial to the success of the company. Studying psychology will help my bowling business, by providing me with the knowledge and capabilities to learn how to manage situations, high stressful environments, and understanding and predicting the behaviors of individuals and groups. In addition to learning these skills and obtaining my degree, I can enhance my knowledge and skills as well as my company. Equally important is that there are many jobs that can be obtained with a baccalaureate degree in psychology. One career path to take is that of a Victim Advocate. The main duty of a victim advocate is to provide victims of spousal abuse with information regarding safe and confidential ways to seek assistance as well as their rights as Navy spouses, military and civilian orders...
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