...Illegal Drug Use in Sports Drug testing in professional sports should be at random times and professional sports leagues should have stricter policies on drug testing. Performance enhancing drugs give professional athletes unfair advantages that are unfair to the athletes who do not use performance enhancing drugs. When athletes use performance enhancing drugs it affects their health and if they are caught when drug tested the athlete can face severe punishments. Consequently, if an athlete is caught using performance enhancing drugs it sends a negative message to young people that often look up to professional athletes. If drug testing was not required in professional sports, some athletes would gain an unfair advantage. Performance enhancing drugs have been used from all the way back to the Greek Olympics through present day. The first drug tests began in February 1968 at the Winter Olympic Games in Grenoble, France. "The IOC instituted its first compulsory doping controls at the Winter Olympic Games in Grenoble, France in 1968 and again at the Summer Olympic Games in Mexico City in the same year. At that time the list of banned substances issued in 1967 included narcotic analgesics and stimulants, which comprised sympathomimetic amines, psychomotor stimulants and miscellaneous central nervous system stimulants [including alcohol]. Although it was suspected that androgenic anabolic steroids were being used at this time, testing methods were insufficiently developed to...
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...away from home or drug addicts looking to make quick money to feed their drug addiction. Most work for pimps who have taken them in. these prostitutes will reap little to no monetary gain for the service they provide because the pimp takes majority of it. Hotel prostitutes usually deal with a higher end clientele. Men who are away from home on business trips or for conventions. The risk of harm or being arrested is low as long as the prostitute’s relationship with the manager is upheld (Schmalleger, 2012). Escort services are viewed as “legal” prostitution to some. Call girls can be found in newspaper ads, the internet, and television. They only advertise their services as providing companionship or courtship. However, many of these dates turn sexually explicit. Call girls are usually seen as the highest paid prostitutes. There is usually little to no risk of being hurt by the client or arrested. The last type of prostitute is the house prostitute. These types of prostitutes are not normally found in the United States since prostitution is illegal but in countries where it is legal, prostitutes are licensed and pay taxes (Schmalleger, 2012). Reference Schmalleger, F. (2012). Juvenile justice in America. (6th ed., pp. 361-363). Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson Education, INC. There are a number of direct and indirect costs of using illegal drugs. About $65 billion is spent annually on illegal drugs (Schmalleger, 2012). Support services, drug prevention, short-stay...
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...‘Illness is simply a matter of bad luck, bad judgement, or bad genetics’ is a statement that expressed how health can be affected by the ‘luck’ of the environment that an individual is born into. The aforementioned statement expressed how health can be affected through a bad judgement of misdiagnoses made by health practitioners. The statement then declared how having bad genes allows an individual to become more susceptible to specific disease (Marvell, 2012). This statement focused on how health is influenced by psychological (bad judgement) and biomedical (bad genes) determinants, for example, being overweight is seen has having bad genes however, sociocultural factors such as gender, media and age can also largely affect an individuals’ health status. In 2002 the World Health Organization (WHO) released the Madrid Statement, saying: "to achieve the highest standard of health, health policies have to recognize that women and men, owing to their biological differences and their gender roles, have different needs, obstacles and opportunities." Meaning that the needs and barriers of both women and men (for example, women are more likely to develop breast cancer than males) are a major influence on the health of the individual and if the Government wants to achieve high national health, knowing the needs and overcoming the barriers must be addressed. A bad luck obstacle males have to face is the expectancy to participate in labour intensive jobs such as being a constructor and...
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...Past and Current Drug Trends Many past and current trends of the use and abuse of drugs in the United States have been associated with health and social trends that at times may have been considered culturally acceptable. Many trends have occurred since early times. The nineteenth century introduced advancement in modern medicines making several medicinal drugs popular, but by the end of the century was being considered a complicated matter. The twentieth century showed great concern amongst the American people for substance abuse and trends of usage and abuse changed as quickly as the decades past by. The drug usage and abuse now is very regulated and campaigned against misuse of licit drugs and the abuse of illicit drugs. Early times, sometimes going back hundreds or even thousands of years, was a time of curiosity and discovery. People found medicinal value in plants by eating them and by discovering the effects on animals after eating certain plants. The curiosities often made people sick or even die as they were learning the effects of these medicinal plants. Plants such as the willow bark were used to cure headaches; aspirin is now made from willow bark. The senna plant was discovered for its laxative properties. Morning glories, different types of mushrooms, and poppy plants were used for the hallucinogenic properties. Coca leaves were used for pain and is now known for the production of cocaine and marijuana was also widely used (Levinthal, 2012). These discoveries...
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...fence about the possible legalization of a drug that was once seen as a drug that would turn you into a lazy, stupid criminal. So should smoking pot be legal in every state the same way that smoking cigarettes and drinking beer is legal? The answer is obviously yes. The use of marijuanna for recreational purposes should be legal because it is a well known fact that cannot overdose and therefore cannot die directly from smoking weed which means its safer than most other drugs. The people who smoke weed or do any drugs are going to do them despite their legality so why not make them pay taxes and help put money in our economy instead of a drug dealers pocket. It should also...
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...A hot button topic in politics for the better part of the last decade has been the debate over the legalization of marijuana. Now of course, each side of the debate has its merits. Yet, the fact is that marijuana has been used by normal, everyday people since 6,000 BC and possesses many upsides. Marijuana, before being deemed illegal by governments around the world, was once used as a major trading currency. Marijuana does more good than harm and I am up to the task of proving that to anyone reading this essay. Marijuana should be legal nationwide and worldwide and I believe one day it will be just that, legal. Hopefully this day comes soon. Now marijuana isn’t some new occurrence in the lives of people all around the world. As I stated...
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...The Legalization of Marijuana Marijuana, also known as Cannabis, is a psychoactive drug for medicinal purposes. The English term marijuana originates from the Mexican Spanish work marihuana. According to the United Nations, marijuana is the most widely used illicit substance in the world. In modern times, marijuana has been used for such cases like recreational, religious, spiritual and medicinal purposes. However, most of today’s people use marijuana for own self-satisfaction and psychoactive purposes. The United Nation estimated that in 2004, around 4 percent of the world’s adult population, which is 162 million people, used marijuana annually and around 0.6 percent used it daily. Due to its psychoactive effect, marijuana is currently recognized as illegal drug in most cases. Right now, it is only used for medical purposes and is legal in few places. However, there have been continuous debates going on about legalizing the marijuana. Although most politicians disagree with legalizing it, there is increase in number who agrees on legalizing marijuana for many purposes. I, too, agree on legalizing marijuana because it will solve many problems. Current Obama administration is on stress about medical marijuana laws. Ethan Nadelmann pointed out that state medical marijuana laws do not make “any sense in terms of public safety, health or fiscal policy”. (Franklin) When marijuana is used for medical purpose, there are over 70 percent of voters who support. However, recently, those...
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...The Right Choice The U.S. Drug Enforcement Agency describes it as “a Schedule I substance under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). Schedule I drugs are classified as having a high potential for abuse, no currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States, and a lack of accepted safety for use of the drug or other substance under medical supervision.” (DEA p.1). American country singer and marijuana advocate Willie Nelson said, “I think people need to be educated to the fact that marijuana is not a drug. Marijuana is an herb and a flower. God put it here. If He put it here and He wants it to grow, what gives the government the right to say that God is wrong?” (Nelson p.1). Larry Malerbra D.O, a practitioner, educator and leader in the field of holistic medicine argues that, “The medical benefits of marijuana (cannabis) are pretty well established. There is voluminous scientific research on the subject that verifies its efficacy when applied to a variety of medical conditions, and plenty of first-hand evidence that it works for those who use it for their own health problems.”(Malerbra p.1) With so many different ideas on what exactly Marijuana is, a controlled substance, an herb and a flower, or a medicine. There is no wonder there is much controversy of the legalization of the substance that has just as many names as descriptions. It is referred to as, weed, pot, dope, grass, reefer, herb, Mary Jane, Cannabis sativa, hemp, and most commonly marijuana. In our...
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...is a recreational drug that has been around the United States for quite some time now. This drug is popular amongst people of all ages and is often sold illegally to the masses of the people of the United States. As of now, marijuana is illegal in almost every state in the United States. Some states such as Alaska, Colorado, California, and Nevada have taken a proactive step by legalizing marijuana (Goggin). While other states aren’t as proactive and still upholds certain laws that makes marijuana illegal. To some people marijuana should be legalized across the United States. In their opinion, the drug has a positive effect on the life of its users. Some of those positive effects include improved lung health and it can be used to...
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...Decriminalization and Legalization of Drugs in Canada The Decriminalization and/ or legalization of drugs is a highly contentious issue regarding political, legal, economic, and social implications. It is also a highly contagious issue that the media cannot seem to cure its self of. Then again the public definitely cares about this issue intensely and so do many politicians whether they are users themselves or just simple supporters (of the tax revenues that legalizing certain narcotics will bring in to the country), especially in the United States and Canada where people are being thrown in jail for years only because of small possession charges (more so in the USA). Prisons in The United States are overcrowded with people who shouldn’t be...
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...word we think of crime, criminals, smoke and the negative thoughts surrounded by this drug. What we don't think of is the positive things around it. It can stop seizures, it's been shown to stop cancer, it can ease pain and it's been proven to treat glaucoma, one of the leading causes of blindness. Its one of the most widely used drugs today and if the government did choose to legalize the crime rate would decrease, it would lead to access for medical marijuana and safer use of it, and the government would also greatly benefit off of it. Marijuana is illegal in Canada and many people think it should get legalized. Currently there has been some stand by the government to legalize the recreational use of marijuana but no political moves have been made yet. One main reason we should legalize marijuana is it will decrease the crime rate dramatically. It will stop current and future marijuana users to not get a criminal record and get charged and it will also stop funding to organized crime groups and gangs.Selling marijuana is where drug dealers make most if not all of there money and with that money they go on to use it for crimes, such as buying guns from illegal sellers,...
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...There are going to be several ethical concerns in dealing with adolescents that are smoking an illegal drug. I will discuss all the ethical issues that can be a concern to the IRB. The ethical issues will range from consent to confidentiality. A critical issue is going to be achieving valid results in this study. When looking at the THC levels, this process is going to be hard to regulate because the strength of the cannabis is not regulated and it can be hard to determine. The THC strength varies even when it comes from a reputable source for instance a dispenser of medical cannabis. This measure is important and if inconstant will cause issues. I want the subjects to have close to the same amount of THC in them or the amount they consume,...
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...Why are named drugs used in sports? When we exercise, there is an increase in the blood flow which provides the muscles with a constant supply of oxygen and nutrients and all the toxic waste products are removed from the body by this metabolism. There are many instances where an athlete has used a drug to enhance the desired output in an unfair and illegal manner. Such a practice is termed as “doping”. Eventually in the long run, the effect of drug taking leads to other mental disorders and even death. Certain drugs such as psychomotor stimulant drugs include amphetamines (namely, amphetamine, dextroamphetamine, and methamphetamine) and methylpenidate hydrochloride (Ritalin). The most common name for these drugs is “speed”. Other used names include bennies, dexies, greenies, and pep pills. Amphetamines can be taken orally, but chronic users often inject the drug as it produces a more immediate and stronger effect. The effect of this drugs increase heart rate, respiration and blood pressure. It increases the activity of the central nervous system. These drugs affect the brain making the athlete feel more alert, confident and strong. There are certain drugs which aid in the treatment of various problems in the treatment of hyperactive children. The use of amphetamines is illegal and their use in sports is prohibited. They cause many adverse physical and psychological reactions in sports such as dizziness, insomnia, heart palpitations, sexual impotence, irregular heartbeat and...
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...and around the world. Those who support its legalization, for medical or for general use, people against it believe the others fail to realize that the greatest costs of marijuana are not related to its prohibition; it is marijuana itself. Every tenth of marijuana users develop dependence over time. They point to the fact that stopping marijuana is almost like stopping any other drug cold turkey; it will lead to symptoms like irritability and anxiety. Opposers of legalizing recreational marijuana display point from studies that shows how marijuana smokers suffer from everything from stop blood flow to the brain, major memory loss, and it could increase the likelihood of depression. However, science is still not completely sure about these claims. The schizophrenia and depression issue are particularly cloudy because people don’t know if the drug itself triggers the problem, or if the users use the drug to lessen and deal with the...
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...marijuana from state to state. A growing trend of marijuana legalization started when it was first allowed to be used for medical purposes in california in 1996. Marijuana has been classified as an illegal substance since the passing of the Marijuana tax act of 1937 and is considered by many to be a gateway drug along with alcohol and tobacco products. A brief history From the 1600’s to the 1890’s the production of hemp(cannabis) was encouraged by the government for use as a material to make rope, sails, and other items that were made from plant fibers. In 1906 the pure food and drug act required and distributors who sold hemp based medicine to be labeled. From the 1930’s and up there has been a “fear” of marijuana because it had been linked to violent crimes; in order to make this common product...
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