Premium Essay

Illness and Disease

In:

Submitted By guylou
Words 3282
Pages 14
Health Care in 2015

I would like you to meet a patient from the year 2015. He lives in a world in which years ago America's leaders made tough but wise decisions. They built on the best aspects of American health care and unleashed the creative power of the competitively driven marketplace. These changes resulted in dramatic improvements to the U.S. health care system — lower costs, higher quality, greater efficiency, and better access to care.

The patient, Rodney Rogers, is a 44-year-old man from the small town of Woodbury, Tennessee. He has several chronic illnesses, including diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension. He is overweight. He quit smoking about eight years ago. His father died in his early 50s from a massive myocardial infarction. In 2005, Rodney chose a health savings account in combination with a high-deductible insurance policy for health coverage.

Rodney selected his primary medical team from a variety of providers by comparing on-line their credentials, performance rankings, and pricing. Because of the widespread availability and use of reliable information, which has generated increased provider-level competition, the cost of health care has stabilized and in some cases has actually fallen, whereas quality and efficiency have risen.1,2 Rodney periodically accesses his multidisciplinary primary medical team using e-mail, video conferencing, and home blood monitoring. He owns his privacy-protected, electronic medical record. He also chose to have a tiny, radio-frequency computer chip implanted in his abdomen that monitors his blood chemistries and blood pressure.

Rodney does an excellent job with his self-care. He takes a single pill each day that is a combination of a low dose of aspirin, an angiotensin-converting–enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, a cholesterol-lowering medication, and a medication to manage his blood sugar. That's one

Similar Documents

Premium Essay

Treatment for Mental Illness

...Treatment for Mental Illness Stacey Adam English 111- BBH Professor Fernandez Ivy Tech Community College November 12, 2009 Treatment for Mental Illness The word “mental” means mind, and a mental illness is a medical condition that disturbs a person’s thinking, feeling, mood, interactions with others, and daily functioning (Bobgan, 2000). Until recently with all the studies and research on treatment, understanding, and acceptance of mental illnesses, mystery and fear have always surrounded it. A lot of people believe that mental illnesses are rare and “could only happen to someone else.” There are over two hundred classified forms of mental illnesses and many ways to treat them. Schizophrenia, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), depression, bipolar disorder, post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), panic or anxiety disorder, and personality disorder are some of the most common mental illnesses. The signs and symptoms for mental illness vary in every person depending on the possible disorder and because every person’s perception of “normal” is different. Changes in behavior, mood and personality, sadness, crying, anger, anxiety, thoughts of suicide, and withdrawal from family and friends are just a few of the signs and symptoms related to mental illness. It is very difficult to find the exact cause of a mental illness, but research shows that these conditions can be caused from a combination of genetics, biological, psychological, and environmental factors...

Words: 1170 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Precis

...mental illness in a culturally dominant society. China believed that mental illness was not a mental a disease but rather a politically wrong way of thinking and did not acknowledge the existence of mental hospitals. They believed the development and approaches of Western society were too liberal and unacceptable in China. Chinese society refused to accept that mental illness was in part caused by societal and environmental factors. Even though over the decades, mental illness has become a huge health problem in China, there are limited resources to treat their patients. Kathryn Schulz’s, “Did Antidepressants Depress Japan?” discusses the introduction of antidepressants and the effect it had on its society. Unlike America, Japan is a society who acknowledges that not everything in life is happiness, that there at times when individuals feel sad. Since feeling melancholy is acceptable, mental illness was not classified as a disease. Mild depression became popular in Japan after celebrities admitted they suffered from depression and were on antidepressants. The pharmaceutical companies started partnering with doctors, which they eventually prescribed patients antidepressants. Thomas J. Csordas’, “Elements of Charismatic Persuasion and Healing” discusses the charismatic healing of Father Felix, two cases in particular. Charismatic healing is performed to eliminate the presence of evil spirits by counseling and praying. According to Charismatic healing almost every illness was caused...

Words: 1013 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Biomedical of Health

...Evaluate biomedical model of health Current medical models assume that all illness is secondary to disease. Revision is needed to explain illnesses without disease and improve organisation of health care. Cultural and professional models of illness influence decisions on individual patients and delivery of health care. The biomedical model of illness, which has dominated health care for the past century, cannot fully explain many forms of illness. This failure stems partly from three assumptions: all illness has a single underlying cause, disease (pathology) is always the single cause, and removal or attenuation of the disease will result in a return to health. Currently, most models of illness assume a causal relation between disease and illness—the perceived condition of poor health felt by an individual. Cultural health beliefs and models of illness help determine the perceived importance of symptoms and the subsequent use of medical resources.4 The assumption that a specific disease underlies all illness has led to medicalisation of commonly experienced anomalous sensations and often disbelief of patients who present with illness without any demonstrable disease process. Finally, most biomedical models also seem strongly linked to primitive forms of intuitive mind-body dualism. Health commissioners, budgetary systems, healthcare professionals, and the public all act as if there is some clear, inescapable separation between physical and mental health problems, ignoring evidence...

Words: 806 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

What Is Sociology of Health and Illness

...This brief abstract is a concept note on the subject of sociology of health and illness. It is going to give a brief sketch background of medical sociology, highlight various definitions of what is health, illness and how the production, distribution and patterns of diseases are influenced by the context in which they occur. The biomedical understanding of health and illness was entirely in the context of bacteriology and immunology dominated the subject of heath care systems for centuries. The history of medical sociology began in the 1800 with extensive contributions of Virchow to social medicine (Virchow, 1864). The resurgence of medical sociology and its institutionalization emerged in the 1960s and 1970s following the deficiencies of biomedicine to account various diseases which came about on the eve of industrialization and urbanization. Some diseases have their roots in the economic, social, cultural, political and environmental context. It is in these backdrops among other reasons that the sociology of health and illness gained recognition and institutionalization. Medical sociology did not discredit biomedical explanations and practice but have attributed that production, patterns, distribution and reproduction of health and illness is socially constructed (Waitzkin et al., 2001; Foucault, 1977; White, 2006). Sociology of health and Illness uses sociological perspectives such as the Sick role (Parsons, 1951), historical materialist approaches (Engels, 1844/1973), interactionist...

Words: 841 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Unit 7

...they could become very unwell and have a low self-esteem. Marxism – Society structure that is based on economic power and how wealthy you are. This has two social classes, the rich and the poor. This links to This links to health as rich people get cared for quicker. This is because they have the money to be able to get private health care. For example a poor person would have to go to a standard hospital and will have to wait hours to be seen to where as a rich person with private health care will be seen to straight away as there are less people waiting. This links to ill health as the believe that if the doctors do not find an illness then there is not one there, this means that they could have a serious health problem which a doctor may not have spotted and because they believe that there is not one there they could develop a serious illness and become unwell. Feminism – Believe that society is structured in a way that leaves women at a disadvantage and argues that women deserve equal rights and opportunities to men. This links to This links to health as Interactionism – This is about shared meanings in social contexts and the use of symbols and language. People impose meaning on the world and communication enables meaning....

Words: 1755 - Pages: 8

Premium Essay

Should Mental Illnesses Be Considered A Real Disease Essay

...uncertainty when it comes to mental illness. The uncertainty mainly coming from psychiatrists that believe mental illness should not be considered a real disease. However, that is not the reality of the situation, because mental illness most definitely should be considered a real disease. Mental illnesses should be considered real diseases because of the effects it has on its victims, and by definition of what a disease is, along with it being very common around the world. Mental Illnesses effect on a person's well-being can be as small and drastic as any other disease out there. If anything, their (Mental Illness's) effects transition from small to drastic, is way faster than the majority of other diseases. This type of rapid transition is unfortunately found in one of the most mental disorder in our society, Depression (Major Depressive Disorder). Depressions effect merely starts...

Words: 960 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Healthy Living

...healthy living is basically the absence of illness or ailment. This group of people therefore has come up with a set way of practice which is referred to as Biomedical model of health. This Model focuses solely on the disease/illness and the individual body functions and the biological processes involved. On the other hand, there is a different section of society that believes that healthy living comprises not only the body but the mind and the environment an individual is exposed to. This is defined as the Biopsychosocial Model of Health. Biomedical Model of Health works with the several assumptions put forward, among this is the argument that the body and the mind are separate entity when it comes to health matters. The hypothesis here is that illness basically is a deviation of the normal biological functions of the body and all other factors play very little role in an individual’s overall health. In this regard, this model assumes health and illness to be looked at separately. In essence this model exudes the notion that both psychological and social factors do not play any role in the effect of one’s health (Santrock, 2007) This type of model has its applications with considerable merits and demerits as well. It is mainly useful and applicable when it comes to research and it the widely used model for researchers seeking to understand further the aspects of a particular disease. Researchers are able to focus on the disease since the sole factor taken into account is...

Words: 908 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Flu Virus

...Discussion of Communicable Disease: Seasonal Influenza Marcie E. Boone, RN Grand Canyon University- NRS- 427V September 2, 2014 Discussion of Communicable Disease: Seasonal Influenza Each year the general public is urged to take action to avoid getting the Seasonal Flu virus by, encourage the pubic to obtain the vaccine before January. It is also; widely made known to the general public the impact of the Flu virus and that it can lead death for some each. However, each year many choose to ignore the advice that is given. But, why is it so vital that we get our Flu vaccine. In this paper we will discuss that very question. We will discuss why the Seasonal Flu is considered a communicable disease, explain the demographics of interest, describe the determinants of health and how these factors contribute to the development of the virus, discuss the epidemiologic triangle as it relates to communicable diseases, explain the role of the community health nurse, identify national agency that addresses the communicable disease and describe how the organization contributes to resolving or reducing the impact of the virus. Description of Communicable Disease According to Global Health Communicable diseases are defined as diseases that are spread from one person to another or from an animal to a person. In addition, they are considered infectious and contagious. (Global Health, 2014). The Seasonal influenza will be referred to from this point on as the “Flu”. The Flu is...

Words: 1931 - Pages: 8

Free Essay

Point of View

...approach to understanding Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Team B will define the health problem, identify the burden of the disease on the community, identify the cause of the problem, identify the burden of the disease on the community state and or national levels. The team will then identify potential solutions, explain the success of the solutions, provide additional solutions for treatment or resolution, and finally how the P.E.R.I model guided the understanding of the problem and its causes. Currently no method of testing is available to accurately diagnose CFS. Physicians go through a process of elimination to rule out other causes of the symptoms. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), characterizes Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) as a debilitating severe fatigue that is not made better by rest and is worsened by physical activity. Those who suffer from CFS will have prolonged exhaustion (24 hours or more) following physical or mental activity (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012). CFS can lead to other debilitation co-morbidities including Fibromyalgia and severe headaches. Chronic fatigue syndrome is affecting communities nationwide. The disease is affecting roughly 1 million Americans and public health is researching to help decline the risks to communities. Chronic fatigue syndrome and the effects of chronic disease on communities is growing, and with out a cure it will continue to have effects on communities. Debilitating fatigue...

Words: 1132 - Pages: 5

Free Essay

Chronic and Infectious Paper

...Chronic and Infectious Disease Paper Lakeshia Jackson HPE 170 December 19, 2011 Jackie DePaulis Chronic and Infectious Disease Paper In today’s society many individual are living with a chronic or infectious disease. Chronic disease is one the most common and preventable of health problems in the United States. Although, chronic diseases are more common in older adults, but it can affect people of all ages. Some infectious disease is caused by bacteria or viruses in an individual body. These types of disease can be passed from person to person. This paper will discuss the characteristic of chronic illness, the relationship between healthy nutritional program and cardiovascular disease, effects of chronic and infectious disease on the immune system, how exercise affects the immune system, and last it will focus on the importance of awareness and education as it relates to health enviorment and chronic illnesses. Characteristic of Chronic Illness Chronic disease can be caused by different factors such as heredity, lifestyle factor, and emotional and psychological factors (CNS, 2011). Chronic illness does not match the common pattern of how illness unfolds. Chronic illnesses are illnesses of long duration and are usually slow progressing meaning it can last for long periods and slowly progress worse many times leading to severe damage to the body and eventually death in most cases. Sometimes the long term effects of chronic illness can be difficult to anticipate...

Words: 1086 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

The Impact of Healthpromotion

...impact of Health Promotion Over the past decades, the goals of health care have been changed from disease treatment to disease prevention and a lot of theories and models have been applied to increase the quality of care and improve the health. According to World Health Organization (WHO), the definition of health promotion is “The process of enabling people to increase control over and improve their health.” and it includes other factors such as health education, organization, policy, and economy altogether to improve health (Hooyman&Kiyak, 1999). The health promotion model was created for the purpose of providing a sense of security for the individuals, their loved ones, and society to help them to control their illness and their environment giving competence and eventually to give people healthy life not just to cure their diseases. There has been an increasing demand for the roles of nurses as the health care setting has been moving toward prevention of illness. The primary health promotion is targeting to prevention of illness occur which significant related to health education. Nurses have to provide their full range of education and nursing practice. US population has been changed diverse and average lifetime is extending along with the development of technology. The focus of healthcare system is how to reduce the increasing health care cost and prevention of chronic illness, community care rather than acute health care setting which requires for nurses to provide more primary...

Words: 864 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

None

...flow all the remaining differences: definitions of health, illness, and symptoms, the model of medicine, methods of diagnosis, role of physician and patient and the patient's psyche, prevention and responsibility for health, strengths and limitations. | Eastern Medicine | Western Medicine | Key Beliefs | Qi is life. Qi is heart of medicine. Life and Medicine are one. | Humans can control nature. Foreign invader causes illness. Control of symptoms » cure of disease. | Health | A state of well being in which the body is vital, balanced & adaptive to its environment. | Absence of disease, pain, defect, or symptoms of illness (no theory of health). | Illness, Sickness, Disease | * Disharmony/imbalance and loss of adaptability (a defect of function/energy). * Any deviation of the body from its normal or healthy state (1st dictionary definition). | * A defect of tissue or structure. * A destructive process with a specific cause and characteristic symptoms, a particular disorder(2nd dictionary definition). | Symptoms | Manifestation of the body's attempt to heal itself, therefore, messages, signals of unattended, underlying issues; or signs that something needs balancing. | Manifestation of the disease, therefore, they are disagreeable phenomena to be eliminated or suppressed. | Patterns Of Symptoms | Symptoms are considered only in terms of their pattern. | Not addressed. | Causes Of Illness | Any action/force which interferes with the balance and...

Words: 875 - Pages: 4

Free Essay

Management

... One and the most obvious reason that makes people support the prevention of diseases is because the illness that can be prevented by giving a vaccine has not gone away. The causes of these illnesses whether viruses or bacteria still exist and can be transmitted to other people who are not protected against the illness. Research enhances the prevention of illnesses by the use of a vaccine makes one healthy as recommended by the Centers for Disease control and Prevention (CDC). Preventing an illness from the time of birth through adulthood provide a lifetime of protection against the disease. Prevention of sickness reduces the vulnerability of that person to the disease. ( National Institutes of Health (U.S.). Office of Disease Prevention., 2008) Like eating and diet getting regular screening for diseases play a significant role in keeping us healthy. Preventing illness is the safest care measure we can take. Also, statistics shows that preventable diseases kill more people annually than HIV/AIDS, and cancer does (Stang & Miner, 2005). It is best if people accept the vaccinations given to prevent the preventable diseases since vaccines are safe and efficient. Also, people take prevention of diseases as they already know that a vaccine cannot give the illness it is designed to prevent. It is also more expensive to cure an illness than to prevent it. Being a family member one also understands that when he or she gets sick, the children and...

Words: 299 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Four Models of Health

...from one profession to another and is a controversial term. The World Health Organisation describes health as: “A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity” (WHO, 1948) This definition was formulated in 1948 and at the time was a breakthrough in the health care sector and was finally seen as a positive definition of health, rather than negative. Most definition concentrated on disease and illness. There are some criticisms that state that the model describes health as a ‘state’ rather than a process and does not put any certain boundaries on what is considered “health”. In healthcare, models are used to diagnose and explain an individual’s health. There are four main models that dominate the health care profession which are the biomedical model, social model, biopsychosocial model and the holistic model. In this essay I will discuss all four models by looking at their advantages and limitations in health care. The biomedical model is a dominant model of disease in contemporary medicine and was devised by medical scientists for the study of disease. It was created as a scientific model therefor involved a set of scientific assumptions and rules. Biomedicine is the principal way of understanding health and illness. It is widely accepted by the medical profession and also by the non-professional population (Barry, Yuill 2012). The models rapidly became popular in health care approaches over the nineteenth century...

Words: 2054 - Pages: 9

Premium Essay

Biopsychosocial Model Essay

...member who is to be expecting soon, being bit by the same mosquito, or being passed on the same virus by their sexual partner or through the blood of someone else, not only experiencing similar flu like symptoms, but also hearing that her soon to be newborn will suffer from microcephaly; a disease that causes many birth defects and can lead to death. On the other hand of the spectrum imagine abstaining from sex until 2018, due to the outlaw of contraceptive measures, in order to insure that your child will not be faced with these consequences. The fear that pregnant women and their friends and family are experiencing...

Words: 493 - Pages: 2