...The divergence-based centroid neural network is employed in the grouping process. Prior to the grouping process, 3D line segments are extracted with the aid of the elevation information obtained by using area-based stereo matching of satellite image data. High-resolution IKONOS stereo images are utilized for the experiments. The experimental result proved the applicability and efficiency of the approach in dealing with 3D building modeling from high-resolution satellite imagery. Index Terms—building model, satellite image, 3D modeling, line segment, stereo I. I NTRODUCTION Extraction of 3D building model is one of the important problems in the generation of an urban model. The process aims to detect and describe the 3D rooftop model from complex scene of satellite imagery. The automated extraction of the 3D rooftop model can be considered as an essential process in dealing with 3D modeling in the urban area. There has been a significant body of research in 3D reconstruction from high-resolution satellite imagery. Even though a natural terrain can be successfully reconstructed in a precise manner by using correlation-based stereoscopic processing of satellite images [1], 3D building reconstruction remains to a difficult process, due to the discontinuity of elevation in manmade objects. In this context, most studies rely on 3D feature analysis. Perceptual grouping technique [2] has been broadly used for detecting and describing buildings in aerial or satellite image. This traditional...
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...I. Current Situation: A. Current Performance: International Satellite Images (ISI) had been building a satellite to image the world at a resolution of one meter. At the resolution, a trained photo interpreter could identify virtually any military and civilian vehicle as well as numerous other military and non-military objects. The ISI team had been preparing a proposal for a Japanese government contractor. The contract called for a commitment of a minimum imagery purchase of $10 million per year for five years. In a recent executive staff meeting it became clear that the ISI satellite camera subcontractor was having trouble with the development of a thermal stabilizer for the instrument. It appeared that the development delay would be at least one year and possibly 18 months. When Jim approached Fred Ballard, the President of ISI, for advice on what launch date to put into the proposal, Fred told Jim to use the published date since that was still the official launch date. II. External Environment: A. General Environment: For the problem ofISI satellite camera subcontractor it appeared development delay would be at least one year and possibly 18 months. For that reasonthe level of trust between the parties was very low since the Japanese insisted upon completion guarantees. External forces include: Industry practice is to publicize optimistic completion dates that are rarely met. The financial industry that has profitability expectations which may be impossible...
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...Literature Through Time Literature depicts the morals of time it shift and morphs into less power in the divine and more faith in man. Stories began being written by monks and the clergy which in time turned into regular men with stores that focused on more secular matters. English literature fills up the gap between wars, between societal change, you can see time progressing, you can see our values and morals changing, you can see history passing by. In the beginning there was Bede, a philosopher, speaker of many languages, a man who looked around him and saw a world in peril that only God could save, a man full of faith. Time passes and we see Shakespeare, a genius, a man with a queen, a man who rallied against the common, Shakespeare was a man with deep loves and a strong voice. “The Story of Caedmon”, was written during a time when Christian religious dogma was primarily hagiography, “the telling of the life of virtuous men and women that represents what it means to be a good Christian.” These stories are used as a form of reflections on one’s life as to make it better in the future. Religious dogma needed to be made more accessible to the congregation which was widely illiterate, so the stories were written with easy points and then acted out so that the congregation would not only be awake and attentive, but so that these stories of morality and faith would really sink in. “Caedmon” is probably the earliest extant of Old English poetry, Bede tells about Caedmon, an...
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...1590’s, to the fashion for sonnets, he moved closer to the cultural and literary dominance of the court’s taste—to the fashionable modes of Ovid, Petrarch, and Neoplatonism—and to the need for patronage. Although the power of the sonnets goes far beyond their sociocultural roots, Shakespeare nevertheless adopts the culturally inferior role of the petitioner for favor, and there is an undercurrent of social and economic powerlessness in the sonnets, especially when a rival poet seems likely to supplant the poet. In short, Shakespeare’s nondramatic poems grow out of and articulate the strains of the 1590’s, when, like many ambitious writers and intellectuals on the fringe of the court, Shakespeare clearly needed to find a language in which to speak—and that was, necessarily, given to him by the court. What he achieved within this shared framework, however, goes far beyond any other collection of poems in the age. Shakespeare’s occasional poems are unquestionably minor, interesting primarily because he wrote them; his sonnets, on the other hand, constitute perhaps the language’s greatest collection of lyrics. They are love lyrics, and...
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...Janett Omeally Dr. Xiao Wang ENC1101 February 25, 2013 Diction, Imagery, and personification in the poem “I wondered lonely as cloud” This is a beautiful but simple poem about the beauty of nature and how inspiring it can be. The speaker says that, wandering like a cloud floating above hills and valleys, he encountered a field of daffodils beside a lake. The dancing, fluttering flowers stretched endlessly along the shore, and though the waves of the lake danced beside the flowers, the daffodils outdid the water in glee. The speaker says that a poet could not help but be happy in such a joyful company of flowers. He says that he stared and stared, but did not realize what wealth the scene would bring him. For now, whenever he feels “vacant” or “pensive,” the memory flashes upon “that inward eye / that is the bliss of solitude,” and his heart fills with pleasure, “and dances with the daffodils.”Wordsworth use of vivid imagery, concise diction and detailed personification is used to paint a picture perfect scene. The poem is rich with imagery, and in the first stanza, Wordsworth describes the scene as he wanders “as lonely as a cloud.” He compares himself to a “Solitary cloud” that is floating over the valleys and the hills and then he sees a “crowd” of golden daffodils which are under the trees and beside a lake and are “Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.” It is evident that the poet is admiring the beauty around him and capturing a beautiful snatched moment in time that...
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...Nikki Vanessa V. Novales July 20, 2012 # 2012-42443 PI 10 E2-6R Rizal: Hidden Beneath The Surface A Reaction Paper On “Bayaning 3rd World” “Who is Rizal?” If you ask this question to any Filipino, they will most likely say, “He is our national hero” Or “He’s the person stamped on our 1-peso coin”. But is that all he really is? The movie “Bayaning 3rd World” is about two film makers trying to make a movie about Rizal. They found out, however, that this would not be an easy task, for their subject is a very complicated man. Rather than focusing on a single issue about Rizal, they decided to make a detective story about Rizal being the country’s national hero. They tackled several issues but focused mainly on Rizal’s retraction and Josephine Bracken. The movie was meant to be educational, but unlike most documentaries, “Bayaning 3rd World” is definitely not boring. The documentary was presented in a comical way, so that viewers of all ages would be able to understand it and grasp its meaning. I was confused at first because I didn’t know what the “Retraction Controversy” was and the two film makers started having these long conversations about it without explaining it to the viewers. But when I found out what it was all about, following the flow of the story became easy. Another controversy that arose was about Josephine Bracken, on whether she and Rizal were married or not. It was implied that if they were indeed married, then Rizal retracted...
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...The Interaction between Imagery and Allusions in translating Chinese PoetryBased on Tu Fu’s Poems Shih-ying Liaw Prof. Wang Linguistics and Translation June 18 2012 Shih ying Liaw1 Shih-ying Liaw Prof. Wang Linguistics and Translation June 18 2012 The Interaction between Imagery and Allusions in translating Chinese PoetryBased on Tu Fu’s Poems Though Chinese poetry has been translating for almost a hundred years, there are still many questions about the translation strategies and situations worth discussing. In this paper, the interaction between imagery and allusions when translating are discussed and the practical situation used when translating are presented. To discuss the interaction between imagery and allusions, the first thing is to identify and define each term. First is imagery. Imagery is thought to be the most important factor to the poetry. I use Ezra Pound’s word as definition because he is not only a pioneering translator in Chinese poetry and also a great poet. He says that “an image' is that which presents an intellectual and emotional complex in an instant of time.” Further explanation is given by Professor Liu in “The Art of Chinese Poetry” by putting imagery into two categories. The first is “simple imagery,” which is defined as “a verbal expression that evokes a mental picture, which not merely picture in words but also arouses emotional associations and enriches the poetic context”. The Shih ying Liaw2 second category...
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...The Modern Film A majority of current movies on the market today most likely have one thing in common, Computer Generated Imagery, or CGI. Imagine how crude a movie would be without the use of computers and the quality they would posses if these technologies didn’t exist. From Star Wars to The Matrix and even a vast majority of all the more recent animated films such as Toy Story or Monster’s Inc have all used computers to enhance the experience of the movie. Movie goers have been enjoying the quality that these technologies have been adding to movies for years, maybe even longer than some might know of. It’s said that John Whitney, Sr. was the first to bring computer graphics to the film industry with his slit-scan technology creating the visually powerful “into the monolith” imagery of 2001: A Space Odyssey. Over the years computers would keep proving there worth in movies such as Tron, the film many people associate with the birth of Hollywood computer graphics. In 1985 Pixar produced what is said to be the first CGI character animation in film with the stained glass window come to life effect in the Young Sherlock Holmes. Disney, the maker of popular children’s movies of all kinds would later acquire Pixar and take animated movies from the classic sketched scenes of Cinderella and Bambi to the first full length CGI movie, Toy Story. Toy Story changed the way of viewing for animated movies making the characters seem more realistic and giving more detail to the worlds...
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...Make-up and other effects have turned into a vital piece of motion pictures. Sure, even movies that appear to have no effects for the on-screen characters will utilize computerized touching-up and hours of applying make-up to the performers to make them look the part they are playing. Regardless of what some people may say, conventional prosthetic make-up is still used very often in the entertainment industry. It is the most practical approach to include blood, scars, or essentially change the surface of the skin since it is a physical, impermanent modification to an actor. It is additionally still used to make huge or abnormal highlights that still leave the greater part of the face human unrecognizable, for example, Hellboy or Captain America's...
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...October 7, 1949, will forever remain the day of great unknowns because this day was the last day of Edgar Allen Poe's existence. On that night of October 3rd in Baltimore, Maryland, something happened to Poe, something that ultimately led to his demise. There are numerous mysteries surrounding one of the greatest writers of our times death, no one knows the true story but will all facts that have risen his death comes a little more clearer and clearer. Many say that it was drugs that killed Poe, others say it was from an assault believe on the evening of October 3rd Poe went to bar after a day of festering over the thoughts of the death of his love (Virginia), his health, and his financial woes, and began to drink heavily. After a couple hours...
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...His preference for short literary works shows it’s obvious he did not “gamble” like the rest of his fellow writers, such as his innovation of connecting art and environment. Recent critics have focused on his literary method; Poe has tackled the problem of a pieces of work relying so heavily on risque elements. Poe is known as “The Father of the Macabre,” as he is a “skilled craftsman of grotesque tales and romantic fantasies,” (shaping many into one). However, Poe was more than a horror story and poem writer, in fact his oeuvre includes editor, literary critic, satirist, hoaxer, mystery writer, pioneer in the Sci-Fi (science-fiction) genre, poet, and playwright. Poe created an “aesthetic theory, setting the basis to American scepticism through the first person narrative, “ (shaping many into one). Poes’ had a connection to the American culture and improved upon American literature through his philosophy of composition, celebrating a liaison between artistic autonomy and productivity, mainly prose fiction. he also believes that “the power of words expresses the concept of endless productivity,” (poe...
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...When TRON was released in July of 1982 it was considered groundbreaking in its use of computer generated imagery (CGI). In his original review of TRON in the Chicago Sun-Times Roger Ebert (1982) called it “…a dazzling movie from Walt Disney in which computers have been used to make themselves romantic and glamorous.” He also added that, “In an age of amazing special effects, TRON is a state-of-the-art movie.” By comparing the way that CGI is used in a movie to its rank based on total gross sales it will show that CGI movies have steadily become more popular and dominate in gross sales since TRON was released. TRON was created by Steven Lisberger in 1976 when he came up with the idea for what he called a neon warrior at his own design studio in California. He also took inspiration from the original game of Pong. In an interview almost two decades later Lisberger said, “And what happened was, I saw Pong, and I said, well, that's the arena for him.” (Lisberger, 2010). This statement was in reference to what would become the arena duel where discs of light are hurled at their opponent. Along with creating TRON he wrote the script and directed the movie. Lisberger was also the producer of TRON: Legacy which was released in December of 2010. The movie centers around Kevin Flynn who finds himself transported inside of a circuit board to the world within. In this computer world when programs are no longer needed they are forced to fight other obsolete programs in arena battles...
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...Kenneth Stokes Writing and Rhetoric 1 April 14th, 2013 CGI and Practical Effects in Film It’s hard to believe that the first real use of what we know as computer-generated imagery (CGI) took place in a feature film, Westworld, which was in 1973. But it would be another 20 years before Hollywood experienced a real revolution in special effects, when photorealistic dinosaurs rampaged though Jurassic Park, a Michael Crichton-inspired theme-park-gone-wrong movie. The concept of today’s level of 3D CGI animation is an evolution from basic cartoon animation into a simulated world that seeks to represent realism as accurately as possible. It does this by slicing up the world into the smallest segments possible, and then controlling how those tiny parts of the real world objects move, react and change based on the other objects and conditions within that 3D world (See fig. 1). The history of computer-generated imagery goes hand in hand with the history of the computer, as the computer evolved CGI effects got possible. For the origins of computer-generated imagery we need to go back to the year 1968. In this year a group of Russian mathematicians and physicists headed by N.Konstantinov created a mathematic model of a moving cat across a screen. A program was made for a specialized computer called BESM-4. The computer printed hundreds of frames to be later converted into usable film material. In the 1970′s CGI really got a hold in the designing community. With many people experimenting...
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...The Impact of Evolving Technologies Computer generated imagery has spanned the verge of acceptability. “CGI frequently plays an essential role in the creation of the believable alternate reality necessary for the enjoyment of a film” (Goodyer, 2012). The animation cartoon looks is replaced with subtle distinction of movement and expression. “Motion capture represents a wholly new form of filmmaking, one that cannot and should not be limited by our previously held definitions of synthetic versus recorded cinema” (Freedman, 2012). The once was a drawing, that was made into several to produce a cartoon seen in films, times have changed with technology, now it is becoming more realistic and believable to audiences. “But no matter how impressive the trappings used to surround the audience–all the tricks of lighting and make–up and acting and computer–generated imagery–the root of all movies is the story, and without it, nothing else matters. If a story works, if it engages the audiences for two hours, then there is no wrong way to tell it. If the story doesn’t work, then the opposite is true” (Goodykoontz & Jacobs, 2011). Avatar (2009), was an American Science Fiction film set in the 22-century. “Avatar cost somewhere between $250 million and $500 million to make, yet weeks after its release, it had already grossed more than $1 billion worldwide for the Twentieth Century–Fox Film Corporation” (Gray, 2010). While to create such a costly movies was a big risk for...
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...The eeriness that surrounds Edgar Allen Poe’s life created a lot of controversy to his name. Many myths have been formed after his death at the age of 40. The wild myths includes Poe died drunk in a gutter, Poe was an opium addict, and Poe was expelled from the University of Virginia. As I said in the beginning of my sentence, all of the following statements are false. Many people still believe that these myths are actually true, even until this day! I’m here to provide the evidence to prove that these myths are just myths. Let’s begin with our first myth of Poe dying drunk in a gutter. Poe didn’t actually die drunk in a gutter. The article “Poe died in a gutter”, said he died in a Washington College Hospital. Although Poe’s medical records...
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