...present in society. Are these changes enough to bring about a modern revolution? And if so, what kind of revolution are we experiencing? In order to argue for or against the concept of a modern revolution it is important that we understand what a revolution is and look back at the impact of significant revolutions in history. When the word “revolution” is first announced, it is common to think of an uprising or revolt from tyranny and unjustness. However, there are other kinds of revolutions; the kind that bring about other types of change in the way we live. Patrick J. Howie (2011) notes that revolutions in science, technology and international politics are headline events that become unforgettable moments in history (p. 10). Although the United States was recently at war in the Middle East and there are other countries that have had rebellions stemmed from civil disobedience, I do not feel as though we can categorize the thought of a modern revolution to that of a violent or war based revolution. With all of the scientific and technological advances that have been introduced in the past decade alone, there have been significant impacts to societies all over the world. The Scientific Revolution and the Industrial Revolutions are prime examples of transformations that occurred in the absence of a formal rebellion. One of the most important developments in the western culture was the Scientific Revolution throughout the 16th and 17th centuries. The Scientific Revolution was a revolution...
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...The Industrial Revolution was a period in the late 18th and early 19th centuries when major changes in agriculture, manufacturing, mining, and transportation had a profound effect on the socioeconomic and cultural conditions in Britain. the changes subsequently spread throughout Europe, North America, and eventually the world. the onset of the Industrial Revolution marked a major turning point in human society; almost every aspect of daily life was eventually influenced in some way. starting in the latter part of the 18th century there began a transition in parts of Great Britain's previously manual labour and draft animal–based economy towards machine-based manufacturing. it started with the mechanization of the textile industries, the development of iron-making techniques and the increased use of refined coal. trade expansion was enabled by the introduction of canals, improved roads and railways. the introduction of steam power fuelled primarily by coal, wider utilization of water wheels and powered machinery (mainly in textile manufacturing) underpinned the dramatic increases in production capacity. the development of all-metal machine tools in the first two decades of the 19th century facilitated the manufacture of more production machines for manufacturing in other industries. the effects spread throughout Western Europe and North America during the 19th century, eventually affecting most of the world. the impact of this change on society was enormous. the First Industrial...
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...Chinese Revolution Revolution is a total change. It can be a change that is political, social, economic, cultural or technological. Revolutions change the way people live. There were many revolutions throughout history. The one that will be introduced to you in this essay is Chinese Revolution. Chinese Revolution happened in 1949. There were many events that caused the revolution. Chiang Kai-Shek was the leader of nationalist government and Mao Zedong was the leader of communist group. Nationalist government was trying to suppress the communists and eliminated them. Civil War started in 1927 between these two groups. Sun Yat Sen's impact on the Chinese Revolution Sun Yat Sen is a figure that is impossible not to refer to while studying the Chinese Revolution. His involvement in the early days of the revolution is hard to deny but how effective and important his contribution was is arguable. There are many different arguments to whether Sun was a failed revolutionary or well deserving of the title ‘Father of the revolution”. There is a variance of opinion of how much sun contributed to the 1911 revolution is a great one. By early 1900 Sun had already expressed his need for the overthrowing of the Qing dynasty. To begin this Sun sent followers into China to attempt uprisings to make the most of the turmoil during the boxer rebellion but these uprisings failed. In 1905 two student revolutionary groups in Japan allied themselves with Sun Yat Sen’s Revive China Society to form...
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...The Industrial Revolution: A Means to an End Capitalism is the result of constant revolutions led by a lower class. Karl Marx states that the “modern bourgeois is itself the product of a long course of development of a series of revolutions in the modes of production and of exchange”(Marx, 160). The bourgeoise are the group of people who were able to seize control of the means of production for their community. They control the manufacturing of all the resources the people might need. The bourgeois maintain command of the production while the proletariat are the ones who carry out the actual work. Marx believed the only limiting factors of the proletariat’s status beneath the bourgeois were the current level of technology available and, although that technology is keeping them down, it will advance to the point of giving the proletariat a chance to shrink the gap between themselves and those above them, “but with the development of industry the proletariat not only increases in number, it becomes concentrated in greater masses, its strength grows and it feels that strength more”(166). The Industrial Revolution was the gateway to modern economics and ushered in an age of poorer working standards, profit based business models, and the end to artisanship. The Industrial Revolution was the beginning of a new type of economy. The machines and inventions spawned during this time allowed people to perform certain tasks much more efficiently and increased the level of production...
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...Joaquin Caceres AP WORLD HISTORY ESSAY: Japan & China Between the years 1750 and 1900, China and Japan had different reactions towards the influence of western culture. Both nations had movements that incorporated Western influence and had opened a few ports in order to establish a trading connection with the western economies. However, Japan avoided a military conflict and remained powerful while China didn’t accept Western influence causing a western revolution. Also, China refused to introduce foreign influence which led to many revolts and wars while Japan continued accepting this influence. Both China and Japan had movements that introduced western ideas. In Japan, the Meji restoration was based on a German model with a democratic constitution. Some of these influences were seen in their army that incorporated western technology and in the businessmen that started to use western methods. In China during the self-strengthening movement the western influence had an impact on their society. They incorporated railroads, small scale industries, arsenal factories and they improved structure in many fields. Both nations opened ports for western trade. Japan at first had a limited interaction with western people by establishing just one port for trading. Later on the Japanese government realized that this wasn’t a smart move for their economy since trade was extremely important. The Canton System was the base on which the Chinese relied on. They set strict restrictions...
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...Jordan Sherlock HIS 102 Kevin Nehil 4/18/12 Industrial Revolution You could ask almost anyone in the world if they have ever heard of the Industrial Revolution and chances are most would agree that they have. Some people may not know when or how it started or perhaps even where it started. One thing all of the people may have is an opinion; these people have an opinion about whether or not they believe that it was a good thing or a bad thing for the world. The Industrial Revolution, much like anything else in the world, had both its perks and flaws. Overall, it was a great thing. It not only modernized the world to better suit the way humans live, but it also made improvements to make technology more competitive to make better products. To better help create your own opinion one must first know some background about the Industrial Revolution and how this life changing era began. The Industrial Revolution began in Western Europe during the early to mid 18th century. With this, came a “new” and more modern world. During this time period farming was the primary livelihood in Western Europe with “at least 75% of the people making their living off from the land” (Goodman 86). During the winter months the people did not have very much to do other than stay inside and carefully ration supplies that they stored from the year before. This down time allowed for the cottage industry to come about. This not only helped pass the farmers time but it allowed the farmers to create textiles...
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...influence on non-western society began a cultural shift to the European culture in more of a decentering, rather than reclamation to its own culture. Keywords: Culture, decentering, westernization. Introduction The non-western cultures faced many changes through the beginning of the twentieth century. Slavery and Christianity was a huge part in those changes. Centering of culture results in a change in one’s own culture. As the world began to modernize, cultures began to become part of the civilization that was thrust upon them. “Worldwide, non-Western cultures faced fundamental challenges to their cultural identities—not so much a recentering of culture but a decentering of culture.” The word westernization equates to transformation to the modern ways of the world, or modernization. One must be able to distinguish the two terms. Modernization is an overhaul of the current society. Prior to the Europeans, the only other contibutors to the modernization of Africa were the Arabs. The Arab nations introduced Islam to the African culture ("Westernization - Africa,"n.d.). Through the late nineteenth and beginning of the twentieth century, Western Cultures began to modernize technology, communication and expand their armed forces. Western culture had been given political power, accompanied by economic gains from outside culture. As Western culture exploded, others were held in fear of the change and lacked progression (Sayre, 2010). The influence of the western cultures to...
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...HISTORY 4C: WESTERN CIVILIZATION: 1715-PRESENT Description of the Course: This course surveys the history of Europe from the beginning of the 18th century until the end of the 20th century. We will study major political, economic, social and intellectual developments that affected European societies during that time period and changed lives of people throughout the world. Major themes of the course will include the French and Industrial Revolutions, emergence of ideologies such as liberalism, nationalism and socialism as well as their practical impact on politics and culture, the rise and fall of European global dominance, wars and revolution of the 20th century. Goals of the Course: I. Understanding Historical Heritage of our Civilization: The major purpose of this course is to familiarize you with heritage of the western civilization and help you understand significance of its impact on contemporary world. This class will aim to illustrate how the past impacts people’s lives in the present and how our actions, ideas, and self-image are shaped by historical developments. II. Acquiring Critical Thinking: History consists of more than just memorization of names, dates and narratives of historical events. Although knowledge of factual information is imperative, it is important to realize that history is interpretation of facts, trends and ideas. Therefore, neither professor nor Teaching Assistants will give you “right” or “wrong” answers. Instead, another major...
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...ANNOTATED SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY FOR HISTORICAL INTERPRETATIONS OF THE INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION IN BRITAIN Gerard M Koot History Department University of Massachusetts Dartmouth Allen, Robert C., The British Industrial Revolution in a Global Perspective, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009. Pp. viii, 331. Allen’s book is an excellent example of the persuasiveness of the new economic history. It is solidly rooted in statistical data and uses sophisticated methods of economic analysis but its analysis is presented in plain English. He argues that the first industrial revolution occurred in northwestern Europe because its high wages during the early modern period encouraged technological innovation. Although high wages were initially a consequence of the demographic disaster of the Black Death, they were reinforced during the early modern period by the economic success of the region around the North Sea, first, in European trade and manufacturing, especially in wresting the textile industry from the Italians, and then in world trade. According to Allen, the first industrial revolution took place in Britain instead of the Low Countries primarily because of Britain’s abundant and cheap coal resources, combined with the central government’s ability to use mercantilist policies and naval power to reap the greatest benefits from an expanding European and world trade. Once it had taken the lead from the Dutch, and defeated the French, Britain used its comparative advantage...
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...OUTLINE & THESIS STATEMENT Impact of Industrialization after the Civil War on American Society (Thesis & Outline) [Strayer University] [U.S History 105] ] Impact of Industrialization After the Civil War on American Society (Thesis & Outline) Part 1- Thesis Statement The Industrial Revolution marks a major turning point in human history; almost every aspect of daily life was influenced in some way. After the Civil War, industrialization took on an unpredictable change of events that had a major affect on improving American life. The Industrial Revolution affected farming, manufacturing, and legislatives and led to a increase in the wealth and prosperity of the countries in which it occurred.. First, new and improved methods of planting and harvesting crops, breeding and rearing animals, and fertilizing the land increased productivity. Second, arrival of steam-powered farm machinery meant to replace farm laborers were needed to work the land. Third, Homestead Act, a significant amount of land had been set aside for cheap to migrated families from the west. Farmer were able to own their own home and farm using on their own time and resources, once their obligations to the government were fulfilled in 5 years the land was theirs with no strings attached. Although the war was over and slavery was abolished, nothing changed much for African American. They still had to work for their masters, and were limited to the rights they had...
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...reformed, in attempt to making it fair, less greedy, and accessible to all people. He declared authority should be derived from the Bible, not the Pope or the Church, giving rise to Protestant systems of belief. This conflict caused a split in the Church, and separated the Christians of Western Europe into Protestants and Catholics. The disruption also triggered a series of wars, persecutions and the...
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...Concepts Create flash cards for the following terms. Each term should have its own card with the definition/explanation on the back, including one real world example. Economic Activities 130-131 1. Primary Sector 2. Secondary Sector 3. Tertiary Sector | 4. Post-industrial societies 5. Quaternary sector 6. 5 Countries with large % of primary | 7. 5 Countries with large % of secondary 8. 5 Countries with large % of tertiary | Origin and Spread of Ag 131-136 9. Agriculture 10. Religious impact 11. Hunters and gathers 12. Neolithic Revolution 13. Agricultural hearths 14. NR changes 15. Patriarchal systems 16. Matriarchal systems | 17. Vegetative planting 18. Vegetative hearths 19. Seed agriculture 20. Seed Hearths 21. Animal Domestication 22. Hearths 23. Innovations in Seed Ag | 24. Columbian Exchange 25. Eastern Hemisphere items 26. Western Hemisphere items 27. Second agricultural Revolution 28. Enclosure 29. Crop rotation 30. Seed drill 31. How did 2nd AR lead to Industrial Revolution? | Major Ag Regions 136-142 32. Subsistence agriculture 33. Commercial agriculture 34. Agribusiness 35. % of farmers (LDC v MDC) 36. Use of machinery impact 37. Scientific advances 38. Farm size (LDC v MDC) 39. Intensive subsistence 40. Wet or lowland rice 41. Shifting cultivation 42. Intertillage 43. Pastoral nomadism | 44. Nomadism 45. Extensive subsistence agriculture 46. Intensive subsistence agriculture...
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...Prior to the industrial revolution United States mainly struggled maintaining stable flow in its economics and politics. Despite all U.S. had gone through, this part of world was always attractive to Europeans and Europe encouraged Americans to absorb the rules of new era that required industrial revolution. Although industrialization started in United States by early 19th century, but total industrial revolution took place since Civil War ended; and it started booming by the beginning of 20th century. Three major aspects of industrialization during 1865 and 1920 that influenced U.S. society, economy, and politics. Consider issues such as geography, entrepreneurship, legislative representation, etc. In terms of its aspects, many aspects of industrialization can be identified. Among those, innovations & technology, capitalism and labor unions were the most important and obvious aspects of this revolutionized era. * Innovations & technology Well educated people who had observed an industrial change in Western Europe were so enthusiastic about applying the same in the States. These people were mainly from north eastern part of the country, because universities were established in this part of the country earlier than any other part. Incandescent light bulb was revolutionary innovation which had a direct impact on all areas of industry. Thomas Edison was the genius behind this innovation, whose idea made it possible to work for longer hours, even after sunset in...
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...The rollercoaster through time had its bumps but overall the economy, social status, and political views were influenced the most. The Industrial Revolution not only brought economic changes to the north and south but it greatly influenced the social and political standings of the two regions. The North and South had lots of differing components. The South was flourishing through agricultural and the North was based on industrialization. The political parties of the north and south were facing struggles with the electoral college more slaves in the south represented a party with no voice but counted for many votes going towards what the south wanted.This affected the north it wasn't fair that the south choose to use slaves not only for free...
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...themselves could develop and change their society. French philosopher Marquis de Condorcet was involved in the origins of the theory with the concept that technological advancements and economic changes can enable changes in moral and cultural values. Condorcet was the first to make the connection between economic and social development connection and that there can be continuous progress and improvement in human affairs. With that said, new advancements and improvements would need to keep pace with a constantly changing world. Furthermore, he encouraged technological processes to help give people further control over their environments, arguing that technological progress would eventually spur social progress. In addition to social structure and the evolution of societies, the French sociologist Émile Durkheim developed the concept of functionalism, which stresses the interdependence of the institutions of a society and their interaction in maintaining cultural and social unity. His most famous work is The Division of Labour in Society, which described how social order was to be maintained in a society and how primitive societies might make the transition to more economically advanced industrial societies. Durkheim suggested that in a capitalist society, with a complex division of labour, economic regulation would be needed to maintain order. He stressed that the major transition from a primitive social order to a more advanced industrial society could...
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