...Opposition is a constant theme faced by any political ruler. A common measure of success is how effective a ruler is at dealing with the problem of opposition, in comparison to his previous/succeeding rulers, in this instance, comparing Stalin to the Tsars Alexander II,III and Nicholas II, and Communist Leaders Lenin and Khrushchev, over a decade of Russian history. Under Stalin, the campaign to crush opposition began almost instantaneously. Initially, this came in the form of political opponents such as Trotsky, Zinoviev, Kamanev and the left. Beginning with Trotsky, Stalin seized opportunity and dominated the 12th Party Conference in 1923, after Trotsky failed to capitalise on the chance to make the principal speech, which would arguably have enabled him to emerge as the next leader of Russia. Fraught with half truths and lies was Stalin’s speech, which diminished the position of Trotsky and subsequently enhanced his own profile. A fathom of mistakes from Trotsky would follow, including accusations of factionalism, absence in various Central Committee meetings and missing Lenin’s funeral, all provided Stalin to emerge as the loyal discipline of Lenin. Subsequently, a vicious campaign from Zinoviev and Kamanev was launched against Trotsky, questioning his loyalty and raising the issue of his opposition towards Lenin prior to 1917. In response, Trotsky published ‘The Lessons of October’ in which he attacked Zinoviev and Kamanev, branding them as the instigators, belittling...
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...In any political system are structures that have different functions to ensure an effective and smooth running of things in that particular political system. This is why this essay will discuss the problems faced by opposition political parties in Zambia using the structural functionalist theory. First it will explain what structural functionalism is, then it will define structures, functions, a political party and an opposition party then before giving the conclusion it will discuss the problems faced by opposition parties in Zambia. Johari (2011) defines structural functionalism as a means of explaining what political structures perform what basic functions in a political system, it is a tool of investigation. Macions and Gerber (2010:14) states “this approach looks at society through a macro-level orientation, which is a broad focus on the social structures that shape society as a whole and by this society evolves like organisms”. According to Johari (2011:73) “functions deal with the consequences involving objectives as well as processes of the patterns of action, Structures refer to those arrangements within the system which perform the functions. For example the police are a structure within the political system that have a function of maintaining peace and order. “In the concept of functions, three basic questions are involved- what basic functions are discharged in any given system, by what instruments those functions are performed and under what conditions the performance...
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...The Reasons Lead the Opposition in this Society In this novel, Anthem, by Ayn Rand, the author decided a society of a Utopia, People in this society live with one idea which is “ we are one in all and all in one. there are no men, but only the great WE, one, indivisible forever.” (Rand 19), that is, the words cut in the marble of the portals of the Palace of the World Council, the Government of this world. In general, people in this society do not think there is an difference between he or she and everyone else, they do not do things alone, they do not stay alone, they do not even think individually, they feel shame because of they have the difference on their likeness.This is a ridiculous and mad society and, because of the law,no one noticed that. People habitually and blindly follow the rules made by the autocracy government and do not have any doubt. The strong lack of thinking individually among the people lead the situation that no one really has the idea of opposition. There is no “I” in this society. In the beginning of this novel, most readers are confused...
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...‘it was not so much what Peter did that gave shock to the Russian consciousness but in which he did it and the pace it was done’ He expresses the idea that if change to modernise Russia was introduced at a slower rate people would be less likely to oppose. There is evidence that gives credit to Pares argument is that Peter tried to introduce a wooden plough with iron edging, but the peasants wanted to carry on the slash and burn method that they had been using for generations. Pares enhances his own interpretation because he writes ‘by racing against the wind as Klyuchevsky puts it, Peter increased the velocity of the wind against him.’ This enhances his argument because it proves that the faster he moved with the change the more opposition he would face. (Evidence) In passage B, Lisk contradicts Pares because she believes that it does not matter how fast the change came the country would always oppose it. She writes ‘Peter ordered that no serf could leave his masters estate without written permission’ the peasants would always oppose this because they would not like being treated as the property of their master.(evidence) Lisk supports her earlier statement that ‘the situation of the peasants in Russia grew worse and the gulf between the classes even wider’ the noblemen would not oppose this because they would become even more powerful and wealthy whereas the peasants would oppose this no matter the speed because they would be getting poorer and poorer which makes it harder...
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...‘As with many Gothic Texts, Frankenstein challenges set oppositions.’ Discuss this statement in light of the novel. In Gothic texts, a common theme is for the authors to write about oppositions. It is often the case that oppositions are challenged in books from this particular genre, such as the opposition of rational and irrational and civilised and primitive. This is shown, for example, in the book ‘Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde’ by Robert Louis Stevenson, where the characters of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde can be seen as parts of the same person. This is further shown in Mary Shelley’s ‘Frankenstein’ where oppositions are explored such as good and evil, human and monster and life and death. In particular, the novel Frankenstein is concentrated on exploring the opposition between the monstrous and human. Shelley challenges the opposition between the monstrous and human through her main protagonists: Victor Frankenstein and the Monster. Victor defines the creature as monstrous from the start, purely on the basis of his physical appearance. ‘His yellow skin scarcely covered the work of muscles and arteries beneath; his hair was of a lustrous black, and flowing; his teeth of a pearly whiteness; but these luxuriances only formed a more horrid contrast with his watery eyes, that seemed almost of the same colour as the dun-white sockets in which they were set, his shrivelled complexion and straight black lips.’ In this quote, Victor describes the monsters appearance and portrays...
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...Alexander3 inherited the Russian Empire in the moment when there was urge for changes. His legacy from his father was the inception of newly introduced liberal movements. Even though Alexander was reactionary, it was mainly because he did not want to follow his fathers footsteps who was assassinated by nihilist group “Peoples Will”, he couldn’t stop spread of so called “Westerners” and radicals. It was crucial for Alexander to preserve his power as an autocrat, which meant that there were no room for opposition that could jeopardise his reign. But at that point he could still hold his control over Russia and opposition was too weak and divided to challenge the Tsar, at that time Empire faced more economical and social problems that Tsar needed to solve. As a child Alexander had Pobedonoscev as his tutor who was Tsars chief minister and leading official of the State Church. He was remarkable by his conservative views, being part of Slavophiles movement. It was easy for him to influence Alexanders views far before he became Tsar and even after his influence kept pursuing the young Tsar. Because of Pobedonoscevs doctrines Alexander believed in order for Russia to modernise it needs to follow old traditions, so he will be safe from repeating his fathers fate. Pobedonoscev taught Alexander that basis of political stability, which was very important for the Tsar, lay upon autocracy, Russian nationalism and the Russian Orthodox Church. Russian Orthodox Church members supported...
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...How effective was opposition to civil rights during the period 1955-1968? The civil rights movement had gained a lot of opposition during the campaign, however some opposition was more effective than others. There were various sources of opposition such as; the rise in black power movement, Federal opposition, State and local government opposition and the public opinion. Firstly, Federal opposition was effective at hindering the civil rights campaign because Eisenhower and JFK had hindered the campaign significantly. Eisenhower was afraid to give african americans power as he believed they would do more harm than good because they would cause resentment among americas white population. JFK also hindered the campaign by persuading campaigns to stop using violence and use peaceful protest, Kennedy knew that this would hinder the african americans campaign as Kennedy knows they will have less power and conviction in their civil rights campaign. However federal opposition wasn't that effective because the congress was in full support of the civil rights act of 1964 and the voting rights act of 196, this enabled the campaigners and the government to force desegregation laws and support voter registration. Therefore the federal opposition was effective at hindering the civil rights movement because the presidents were able to hinder the civil rights movement, while the congress managed to support it, overall the federal opposition had hindered the civil rights movement more than...
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...survival can also be attributed to the weakness of their opposition, who displayed a lack of organisation and unification. There were other reasons for the Bolsheviks' remaining in power after the revolution, such as the efficiency and strong leadership of the Bolsheviks, and their geographical advantages; but these were ultimately not as significant as the weaknesses of their opposition, as their survival was dictated by how they exploited their enemies' flaws. The brutal methods of violence employed by the Bolsheviks certainly helped the Bolsheviks to remain in power. The use of the Cheka was one such brutal method; it ensured that the Bolsheviks remained the dominant authority, by suppressing their opponent’s activity through the use of terror. However the Bolsheviks were only able to do this because their opposition was too weak to rebel; the Bolsheviks had gained dominance, while all others were clearly weak and submissive. This meant that the Bolsheviks use of terror only had the effect of making a weak opposition even weaker, therefore this form of brutality was only successful due to an already weak opposition. Violence was also seen as key for maintaining power as the freely elected Constituent Assembly was dissolved at gunpoint in January 1918. This showed that the Bolsheviks were prepared to go to brutal means to stay in power and fight off any of those, which would oppose them. The Bolsheviks faced opposition from some left-wing SRs who were conspiring within Cheka...
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...real market prices of their goods makes the family suffer losses. Drawing parallels, the chief concerns of farmers in India have been the lack of price security of their produce which I believe, the FDI tries to resolve. The cabinet’s insistence in allowing Foreign Direct Investment in multi branding retail has met with mixed responses all across the nation with different people having varied opinions regarding its impact. With the prime minister oozing confidence over this reform, he has met a lot of opposition from people who believe this is going to harm the unorganized sector of the Indian retail while some feel that the constraints of 51% and the wave of oppositions that it faces will actually make no difference to anyone out there. The supporters of multi brand retail feel that agriculture is the sector which is going to be highly affected in a positive light by this reform. They are not wrong as the impacts are unmistakeable. The major problem that agricultural produce faces in India is that of storage. With around 33% of food getting wasted due to lack of proper storage, FDI could help in improving the cold storage conditions of the country. However, there has already been a support of 100% FDI in storage but it has not had much significance in helping t improve the conditions. The question as to whether...
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...am in favor of social networking sites because it allows people to create new relations and reconnect with their friends and family members. In addition, the reputation of social networking sites such as FaceBook, Twitter, and Linkedln, more than doubled from year 2005 to year 2009. These sites allowed all users to develop their online profiles of their background and interests as well as share thoughts, photos, links, music, and more (are social sites…for our society?). However, many argue that social networking sites attract people to spend more time online and less time with face-to-face interactions. Also, opponents say that the social networking sites provide many time wasting activities which replace the productive activities. According to the article, Are Social Networking Sites Good or Bad for Our Society? Teens spend an average of nine hours per week on social networking sites. The opposition states that teens growing up with these social networking sites may not be aware that all the information and photos posted on these networking sites can be regained even after deletion. The opponents also states that the consequences of over-sharing personal information and photos can lead to vulnerability to sexual and financial predators. It can also cause losing jobs from employers who end up finding embarrassing comments or photos (are social sites…for our society?). Yes, I agree the opposition’s points, but social networking sites have age limits on who can create a profile...
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...Like Robinson, Melba was able help integrate an institution. As you should know, this was not easy. They had to travel through angry mobs that did not want them to get through. When they saw armed soldiers running around,”Sarge said they were doing crowd control-keeping the mob away from us” (Beals). In order for her to integrate the school, she had to be strong, and face many challenges. She could’ve given up at any moment, but no, she stayed strong, all so that she could help African Americans have equal education with others. If she had given up, there might have been no one else that would’ve volunteered to help, and there might not be any integrated schools today. When she finally got to the school she says,”We stepped up the front of Central High School and crossed the threshold onto that place when the angry segregationist mobs had forbidden us to go” (Beals). She and the little rock nine were the first to integrate that school and help equal education. She did what other African Americans might have thought was impossible. In conclusion, she helped improve education for other races, was the first to...
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...in the coming general elections. Firstly, the foreigners influx issue, the core of the problems. To tackle the persistent low birth rate, Singapore have experienced an overwhelming influx of foreigners especially from China and India. According to the latest statistics, our population swell to 5.39m; foreigners comprising of 1.55m, and citizens accounted for 3.31m. Singapore has loosened its immigration policy to boost her economy and maintain her competitiveness. Singapore economy grew mainly due to manual labour capital without any real boost in productivity. With the announcement of the population white paper, Singapore population is targeted to reach 6.9m in 2030. With so many people in a tiny city state, the already dense nation faces bottleneck in infrastructure. The foreigner influx brings about a plethora of issues:...
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...enlist moderate Syrian opposition fighters that the Obama administration has reluctantly decided to arm and train in the battle against militant extremists in neighboring Iraq. MORE Boy Found in Basement Says Dad Abused Him With Pipe NBC News What Happened When One Woman Had Her Picture Photoshopped In 25 Different Countries Huffington Post Disturbing Details: Dad Told Cops He Searched Hot Car Deaths NBC News Benghazi Suspect Flown to Washington to Face Judge NBC News Uruguay eliminates Italy; Did Suarez bite again? Sports Illustrated Obama sent Congress a $500 million request Thursday for a Pentagon-run program that would significantly expand previous covert efforts to arm rebels fighting both the Sunni extremists and forces loyal to Syrian President Bashar Assad. The move that comes amid increased U.S. concern that the conflicts in Syria and Iraq are becoming an intertwined fight against the same Sunni extremist group. POPULAR AMONG SUBSCRIBERS Eat Butter Fat Time Magazine Cover Ending the War on Fat Subscribe The End of Iraq How Many People Watched Orange Is the New Black? No One Knows If approved by lawmakers, the program would in effect open a second front in the fight against militants with the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant, or ISIL, that is spilling over Syria’s border and threatening to overwhelm Iraq. “Obviously, in light of what has happened in Iraq, we have even more to talk about in terms of the moderate opposition in Syria, which has the...
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... Written by: Muhammad Abdul Ahad BRAC University 66 mohakhali, Dhaka Bangladesh Political leaders are only responsible for political oppression in Bangladesh Have you heard the incident of Tazreen garments, Rana Plaza, seven murder in Narayangong, Sagor-Runy killing? Surely you have heard it, but question is can law enforce agency do anything to ensure the justice? The answer will be no and now the question is why does it happen? The answer will be for the political leaders but the law enforces agency cannot do anything to stop it and they have no power on the politician to lessen it. For that reason mass people of Bangladesh and the opposition leaders also face political oppression and they have no way to overcome it. That is why, I strongly believe that, political leaders are only responsible for political oppression in Bangladesh as they are control over law enforces agencies, they have extra privilege and they also influence the judiciary system. First of all I want to say that politicizing of law enforce agency is the first reason for the political oppression of Bangladesh. According to Ahmad (2013), the political, democratic and basic constitutional rights of the political parties and mass people are denied and the senior political leaders are routinely arrested by police, but we know that the primary duty of the law enforces agency is to maintain and control law...
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...The opposition article In the temporary society, there are a lot of things are opposite, such as white is opposite with black, and the chaos is opposite with quiet. Recently I read an article called the daily grind: lessons in the hidden curriculum. This is an article describing behaviors and appearance of boys and girls in the class and after class. There are a lot of oppositions in this article and they are wonderful to compare with. In the following pages I am going to talk about the three oppositions in this article. They are the appearances and behaviors of boys and girls before and in class starting. Secondly the seats that girls and boys choose to sit. Finally the performances boys and girls perform in the class. To begin with, the appearances and the behavior girls and boys perform before class and in the class. Amy Wilkinson is a bold and brassy girl, and she is also strong willed. According to the book “she is fuller-figured than she would like to be, wide-hipped and heavy-limbed with curly blond hair, cornflower-blue eyes, and a sharply upturned nose. With the help of her mother, who is a drama coach, she has become the school’s star actress: last year she played Eliza in Weston’s production of My Fair Lady.” from this description, I can see that Amy is a really outgoing girl in front of her friends, because of two reasons. One is she is good looking, and from the hidden curriculum of school, which good looking girls are popular in school. Second is she loves...
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