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Incident Responce

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Submitted By jatesh
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Question 1: What purpose does business resumption planning serve?
Answer: BRP helps to resume normal operations quickly or expedite continuity plans to quickly initiate operations at an alternate site until normal operations can resume at the primary site.
Question 2: What are the two major component parts of BRP, and how are they related? Answer: The major two component parts of BRP are;
1) Disaster Recovery Plan: Lists and describes the efforts to resume normal operations at primary places of business.
2) Business Continuity Plan: Contains steps for implementing critical business functions using alternate mechanisms until normal operations can be resumed at the primary site.
They are related because the BC plan occurs concurrently with the DR plan when the damage is major or long term.
Question 3: What is the primary site?

Answer: Primary site is the location or group of locations at which organization executes its functions.

Question 4: What is the difference between a backup and an archive?

Answer: * Backup is the snapshot of data from a specific point in time. The data is considered volatile and is subject to change While Archive is long term storage of a document or data file, usually for legal and regulatory purposes.

* For recovery from an incident, backup are the most common solution. For recovery from disasters archives are used.

Question 5: What is a retention schedule?
Answer: Retention schedule guides the frequency of replacement and duration of storage of the backups and archives.
Question 6: How have cloud computing architectures affected the backup options available for organizations?
Answer: From a security perspective, the leasing of services from a third part is always a challenge because if you don’t own the hardware, software and infrastructure, you can’t guarantee effective security, so you must scrutinize the service agreement and insist on minimal standards of due care.

Question 7: What are the major types of backups?

Answer: Major types of backup include: a. Differential Backup b. Incremental Backup c. Full Back up.

Question 8: What is encompassed in a full backup?

Answer: Full backup is complete backup of the entire system, including all the applications, operating systems, components and data. Full backup takes a comprehensive snapshot of the organization’s system.

Question 9: What is encompassed in a differential backup?

Answer: Differential backup is the storage of all files that have changed or been added since the last full backup. If one backup is corrupt, the previous day’s backup contains almost all the same information.

Question 10: What is encompassed in an incremental backup?

Answer: Incremental backup archives the files that have been modified since the last backup and thus requires less space and time than the differential. If an incident occurs, multiple backups need to be restored to restore the full system.
Question 11: What is a redundant array of independent disks (RAID), and what are its primary uses? How can it be used in a backup strategy?

Answer: RAID is a data backup system that uses an array of online disk for redundancy. Its primary uses are for Storage, operational redundancy, and also uses a number of hard drives to store information across multiple drive units.

RAID is configured for backup using disk striping and/or disk mirroring from RAID level 1 to RAID Level 7 and implemented as; RAID 0 (Striping), RAID 1 (Mirroring), RAID 01 (Striping and mirroring), RAID 5 (Striped parity).

Question 12: What is disk striping, and how might it be considered the opposite of disk mirroring?
Answer: Disk striping is a process of writing data segments called stripes in turn to each disk drive in the array.
It is considered opposite of disk mirroring because it writes to disk drives in turns without redundancy (no parity) while mirroring writes simultaneously to two disk drives.
Question 13: In what way are the backup needs of systems that use databases different from the backups used to safeguard non database systems?
The following are the ways in which it is different from each other:
1) Special consideration is required when planning the backup procedure because the database may or may not be able to be backed up with the utilities that are provided with the operating systems of the servers on which the database is running based on the type of database and software vendor.
2) Sometimes system backup procedures can’t be used without interrupting the use of database.
3) User access to the database must be stopped before a system backup works properly otherwise an additional tool is required.

Question 14: Beyond simply identifying what to back up, when to back it up, and how to restore it, what should a complete backup recovery plan include?

Answer: It includes the following:
i. How and when will backup be created? ii. Who will be responsible for creation of database? iii. How and when will backups be verified so that they are known to be correct and reliable iv. Who is responsible for the verification of the backup?
v. Where will the backup be stored and for how long? vi. How often will the backup plan be tested? vii. When will the plan be reviewed and revised? viii. How often will the plan be rehearsed and who will take part in the rehearsal?

Question 15: What is bare metal recovery?

Answer: Bare metal recovery is a technology designed use to replace operating systems and services when they fail.it allow you to reboot the affected system from a CD-ROM or other remote drive and quickly restore your operating system by providing images up from a known stable state.

Question 16: What is electronic vaulting, and how is it used in a backup strategy?

Answer: Electronic vault is the bulk transfer of data to an offsite facility. This transfer is usually conducted via leased lines or data communications services.

Question 17: What is remote journaling, and how is it used in a backup strategy?

Answer: Remote journal is the transfer of live transaction to an offline facility. Only transactions are transferred not archive data and transfer is performed online much closer to real time.

Question 18: What is database shadowing?

Answer: Data base shadowing is the storage of duplicate online transaction data along with the duplication of the databases at the remote site to redundant server.
Question 19: What is virtualization?
Answer: Virtualization is development and deployment of virtual rather than physical systems and services implementations.
Question 20: Explain the site resumption strategy known as exclusive use and how it uses hot sites, warm sites, and cold sites.

Answer: Organization wants its operations to resume at a location over which it has exclusive control.
Hot sites: Fully configured computer facilities with all services, communications, links, and physical plan operations, can stablish operations at a moment’s notice.
Warm sites: provide similar services and options as a hot site, software applications not included, installed or configured, it frequently includes computing equipment and peripherals with servers; not client workstations
It has connection to facilitate quick recovery
Cold sites: Provide only rudimentary services and facilities, no computer hardware or peripherals provided.

Question 21: Explain the shared-use strategies: time-share, service bureau, and mutual agreement.
Shared site resumption: When an organization needs to plan for resumption and cannot justify expenses of an exclusive use strategy:
Time-Share: operates like hot/warm/cold site. Leased in conjunction with a business partner or sister organization provides DR/BC option while reducing overall cost.
Service Bureaus: Service agency that provides a service for a fee service in the case of DR/CP agencies frequently provide offsite data storage.
Mutual agreements: Contracts between two organizations, Assist the other in the event of a disaster obligation to provide necessary facilities, resources, services until receiving organization recovers.

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