...Essay Assess the contribution of feminism to our understanding of families and households (24 marks ) There are several feminists perspective that attempt to understand family and household life, especially the role of which the women play in the social institution. However, they are similarities between the feminists perspective as most of them agree that women are oppressed within the family. This can be seen through who has the most benefits from domestic division and how these inequalities are shown. In this essay I will examine the three feminist perspectives on the family: liberal feminism, Marxist feminism and radical feminism. Liberal feminists argue that the family is the key source to male domination and female oppression. They analysed the fact that in the past, father had the right to rule other family members. However, a liberal feminist called Gavron argued the family is a patriarchal institution, which mirrors patriarchal society. Which is seen in our society as most leaders in government predominately male, this is even seen in schools as most head teachers are male thus enforcing society to be more male dominate. The oppression of male domination has also led to women being more subservient in the work place, which make them subservient at home as they abide to the set norms of them cooking, cleaning and caring. Thus makes the liberal feminist believe that patriarchy is not a physical force, but a force of institutional control. In some cases the liberal...
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...According to the essay” The Future of Capitalism”, the author focused on the market solutions that could effectively address the pressing and future economic and social problems in advanced capitalist economies. I am from China where a communist country is. It is a trend to change the governmental structure to capitalism, because the China’s economy is progressing that provides Chinese residents with better life and personal consciousness. All of these aspects influence the development of economic and governmental construction. In the countries of capitalism, there are three economic problems that exist in the society which the paper indicates the following aspects, such as mass unemployment, income inequality and environmental decay. Unemployment means that a significant portion of the population is not being allowed to participate fully in society. Mass unemployment is the result of economic depression, and income distribution is related to labor market. In the paper cites the two problems are endemic in the capitalist economies in that they are the natural results of the interplay of market force and the drive for capital to expand itself. I think unemployment and inequality are closely related to each other. Unemployment is the reason and inequality is the outcome. If a society wants to maintain its status quo, it must provide corresponding goods and service consumed to ensure the synchronization with the market. Employee and goods have been used up in the produced process...
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...A Theory of Justice Rawls In 1985, John Rawls published his essay A Theory of Justice in which he defined social justice by applying social contract approach and introducing a hypothetical state – the Original Position with veil of ignorance. First of all, Rawls believed that the principles of justice should help society to govern its structure and protect the rights of everyone in the society. Then Rawls proposed the idea that justice can be called “fairness”. Since he claimed that the principles of justice should be decided in advance in order to regulate the society more efficiently, a group of chosen people must determine the set of principles of justice. Given the importance of such task, there is no doubt that the group of chosen people ought to have the knowledge in relative fields and the capacity to think rationally in order to make the best decisions, if not for anyone else, at least for themselves. In this case, we refer to the participant with rationality a rational agent. If we assumed that every party were a rational agent, we are, in fact, acknowledging that rational agent would determine the principles of justice with the purpose of maximizing benefits for him and for people with similar background based on the given status quo and specific traits of society he is currently living in. Hence, if we only choose people who are rational, we would face two problems including constant argument, which would fail to deliver any reasonable agreement when rational...
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...Percent In Charge The benefits continue to become more unevenly distributed in USA. The country's wealthiest one percent sits on 40 percent of the goods in society. But it will get themselves hurt, says Nobel Prize-winning economist Joseph Stiglitz, who predicts a public uprising in the United States not unlike those we have seen in the Middle East "The richest one percent in the U.S. have the best houses, the best doctors, the best educations, and their lifestyle can’t be matched. The richest one percent earns 25 percent of the nation's total income, and if you look at the country's gathered goods, only one percent manages 40 percent of these. 25 years ago was the same figure as 12 percent and 33 percent. But the money has apparently not been able to learn the wealthiest to understand that their destiny in the long run is bound up with how the other 99 percent of the population lives. " The quote is from one of the world's most famous economists, the American Joseph Stiglitz, and can be read in the coming may-edition of the magazine Vanity Fair. Here is Stiglitz, who works as a professor at the University of Columbia in New York, taking an offensive attack on the increasingly unequal distribution of property and wealth in his country. All power to the top "All U.S. growth has benefited the top of society. When we look at difference in the United States, we now are lagging behind all nations in Europe, the countries we come closest in income distribution are Russia...
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...Economic Profile on the Oil and Gas Industry The oil and gas industry is one of the most talked about industries today, at least in my town it is. Everywhere I go I hear people talking about the rise or fall in gas prices or how the cost of a barrel of crude oil has just gone up or down .10 cents. I also hear about how the current hurricane season could pose a threat to the oil industry, as it did last year with hurricane Katrina, putting oil refineries under water or causing extreme damage to them. In this essay I am going to discuss the shifts and price elasticity of supply and demand in the oil and gas industry. I am also going to discuss the oil and gas industry’s positive and negative externalities, wage inequality, and monetary and fiscal policies. Lastly, I will discuss the economic affects and influence on the oil and gas industry. Shifts and Price Elasticity of Supply and Demand The price elasticity is the affect of the price for a good on the demand of that good. If consumers are not affected by the change in price then this good would be referred to as inelastic. If consumers are affected by the change in price then this good would be referred to as elastic. The oil and gas industry is inelastic when the prices rise because, although consumers slightly reduce their consumption of oil and gas, consumers still purchase oil and gas. With gasoline prices in the U.S. approaching an average $3 a gallon, Americans are moaning about the rising cost, but so far they are...
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...Kamil Zagorski C00142216@itcarlow.ie Kamil Zagorski C00142216@itcarlow.ie Abstract This document is unveiling topic of globalization and does it benefit everyone involved in process Abstract This document is unveiling topic of globalization and does it benefit everyone involved in process International business Globalisation International business Globalisation Globalisation-Does it benefit everyone involved? Globalisation can be defined as trend towards more integrated global economy, great example of this would be EU where Free Trade is in place among the members, there is no borders separating those countries and most of its members have adopted same currency to aid trade in between its members. Every company and every person in the country is affected by globalisation due to its economic integration between countries, these countries are united in terms of trade in goods and services, investment, free movement of labour and in joint international actions for e.g. fight against pollution. Businesses take a lot of advantage from Globalisation because they can spread their operations globally, and this means that they can sell products all over the world, if necessary or cheaper to do so they have the opportunity to outsource their production to different countries where they didn’t have access to before. The speed that globalisation is occurring at is making a lot of businesses to spread as fast as possible before their competition will establish them-self’s...
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...Hayden Landry 250 868 235 Prof. Narain Preferential Health Care Health is a very important aspect of our everyday lives. The health of an individual and a nation are crucial to the continued progression of said persons, for without our health, we are all but useless. In this essay I seek to examine the benefits of the public healthcare system over it’s private counterpart, not only in Canada, but any country attempting to utilize their society to the fullest. I will argue that the welfare-state liberalistic approach is much better because it seeks to pool the resources of the many and regulate/distribute it to the few in dire need, hopefully resulting in a diminishing number of sick and homeless. I begin my essay by highlighting the importance and function of both the welfare state liberalist’s public heath care and the neoconservative private health care. My argument stands on the grounds that public healthcare in Canada is more tenable because it works for the common good of all people, regardless of socioeconomic class while also placing a primary focus on efficiency, instead of profitability. A viable counterargument is that most working people do not find it ‘fair’ to have their hard-earned money taken to support the lazy or poor(welfare), although in reality the vast majority of these ‘lazy’ poor people or those outside of a private healthcare system are not in the position out of free will. As we examine the positives and negatives of both systems it becomes increasingly...
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...Jeanette Cepin Power & Inequality In The Workplace Term: Summer 2015 Professor: Bonnie Johnson Final Reflection Essay Wouldn’t it be great if we lived in a society that with hard work, dedication, and discipline we can accomplish the so called “American Dream”? Some have been able to accomplish this dream, but many still struggle and continue to work non stop in order to reach a dream that is almost impossible to achieve. The United States of America, “the land of the free and opportunities”, hasn’t really been the land of the free, with opportunities for all. During my 7 week summer course, I was able to have a better and deep understanding of how the United States is structured to benefit a certain group while denying others opportunities. How those in power acquired their power, work to maintain it through inequality, how these inequalities can a lot of times be correlated, and how can we work together to make a difference. In order to understand inequality we must first identify what are the factors that contribute in creating it. Social class, which can define one’s position in society, contributes to a form of conflict. Social class divisions have always played a prominent role in America. These class distinctions inflict unfair on all Americans. The idea of social class has been a central concept in determining the opportunities a person is capable of having. People from different socioeconomic backgrounds live different lifestyles as well...
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...Sylvanus Bockarie English 102 Essay 4 Kinghon, Kevin A Capitalism in United States What Kind of Capitalism does Americans want? First of all, I am going to show a quick overview of the unfolding of capitalism since the Great Depression, which I believe is vital in order to understand the capitalism that exists in the United States today and some of the problems to it. Then I will look at four different complex areas of free market capitalism in America compared with the Scandinavian government control capitalism. I will then talk about what kind of capitalism we want: We being different interest groups, such as the shareholders, the C.E.O.'s, the average worker and the poor. Finally I will talk about what values might be at stake in capitalism. In the United States, the 1930s Great Depression threatened to knock out the capitalism that had been gradually developing for the past 400 years and this led to abandoning the laissez faire capitalism and instead embracing the New Deal concept of government managed capitalism in order to control money supply and government expenditure, and in order to limit the increasing gap of inequality of income. The 1950s and 1960s were decades of equality, but the energy crises of the 1970s forced the government to kick start the economy imposing new taxation benefiting the rich and once again causing widening inequality. Today, capitalism is the most important economic system of the Western world, in its however various forms: In the...
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...Angeles: A critical essay looking into increasing inequality and its root causes in the metropolitan area across the last 50 years Los Angeles is one of the most economically developed cities in the world and it represents a beacon of technological advancement, social progression and equal opportunity for people all around the world. Los Angeles (L.A.) was recently ranked 9th on the Global Economic Power Index (Florida, 2012) and 20th on the Global Power City Index that included criteria such as “livability”, “cultural interaction”, “environment” and “accessibility” (Institute for Urban Strategies, 2014). These ideas may ring true for some; however there are many who live within the city limits that experience a very different reality. In the last 20 years there has been an increasing amount of academic literature examining rising economic, social, political and underlying racial inequality within L.A. This essay will attempt to evaluate this literature so as to examine what inequalities are occurring and identify possible causes underlying them. For future reference within this essay, I am going to be looking at L.A. as the Greater Los Angeles Area, which includes the city of L.A. and other interconnected urban areas so as to avoid confusion on where possible boundaries are drawn and also to have a greater area from which to draw comparison from. Socio-Economic History Leading to Contemporary Inequality The situation Los Angeles is currently in can be attributed to the...
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...This essay is part one of the coursework for Challenging Disabilities. Disabled people have the right to participate in all aspects of society the same as non disabled person. When one is disabled this means to be discriminated against which involves social seclusion and restriction. In view of this, disabled people experience barriers when society does not acknowledge a person’s impairment which can prevent full participation of disabled people in society. Firstly I will briefly introduce the social model in recognising these barriers. Secondly this essay looks in particular at the three interrelated barriers: physical and technological environments, social and recreational environments and economic environments. The relative effects of these barriers will be explored throughout this essay and brought together towards the conclusion. There are many barriers that disabled people are faced with in society everyday of their lives. A disabled individual will have barriers because the environment is unable to accommodate the individual’s differences. The social model emphasises the barriers of participation of disabled people in society and the environment, it does not focus only on the individual with the impairment or disability but takes into account that the society oppresses and excludes disabled people. The social model also recognises that the disabled individual has the power to speak out and apply new legislations. Firstly, physical and technological environments which...
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...linkages created through cross- border financial flows. The theory predicts the capital will flow from the more to less developed countries and all nations will gain as a result. However, in reality where market failures and information asymmetries exist, the results of financial globalizations are conflicting with its ideology. Especially in the emerging markets where the economies are even more highly distorted than the developed ones. Studies show mixed results regarding the effects of financial globalization on developing economies. Though the strong supporter of financial globalization are international organization such as IMF, World Bank and United Nations, many academics argued that the theory did not benefit the developing economies, yet worsening them. This essay will be critically analyzed the impacts of financial globalization on emerging countries in economic and social aspects. Growth In principle, financial globalization is greatly beneficial to economic growth in developing countries. Reduction in cost of capital, technology transfer and development of financial sectors are direct advantages from globalizing financial sectors, hence boost economic growth. According to Prasard et al (2003), empirical studies shows that countries with ‘more financially integrated’ (MFI) grew faster than the ‘less financially integrated’ (LFI) countries during 1970 – 1999. MFI developing countries had average per capital output increase almost threefold and six times greater...
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...THE GLOBALIZATION RORSCHACH TEST: INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC INTEGRATION, INEQUALITY AND THE ROLE OF GOVERNMENT NANCY BRUNE and GEOFFREY GARRETT* November 2004 Forthcoming in Annual Review of Political Science vol. 8, 2005 In this review essay, we address the three principal questions that have dominated the debate over the distributive effects of globalization. First, how has globalization affected inequality among countries? Second, how has globalization affected inequality within countries? Third, how has globalization affected the ability of national governments to redistribute wealth and risk within countries? We conclude that despite the proliferation of social science research on the consequences of globalization, there is no solid consensus in the relevant literatures on any of these questions. This is because scholars disagree about how to measure globalization and about how to draw causal inferences about its effects. Keywords: globalization, inequality, economic growth, government spending, privatization ___________________________________________________________ * Nancy Brune is a doctoral candidate at Yale University. She can be reached at nbrune@isop.ucla.edu. Geoffrey Garrett is Vice Provost and Dean of the International Institute, Director of the Ronald W. Burkle Center for International Relations, and Professor of Political Science at UCLA. He can be reached at ggarrett@international.ucla.edu. The authors Alexandra Guisinger, David Nickerson and Jason Sorens...
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...ESSAY Role of poverty benchmark as a component of equity and redistribution policy TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 3 2. Absolute Poverty 3 3. Relative Poverty 4 4. Re-distribution of Income – Role of Poverty Benchmark in it 5 5.1 Education Policies 5 5.2 Taxation and Transfers 6 5.3 Minimum Wages 7 5. Drawbacks in using Poverty Benchmark for Redistribution Policies 7 6. Should Governments Focus on inequality? Or Poverty? My Reflections 8 7. Conclusions 9 8. Bibliography 9 Role of Poverty Benchmark as a component of Equity and Re-distribution Policy 1. Introduction How do you define poverty? It is a complex phenomenon influenced many factors. So there are many different ways to describe it. In general terms, idea of poverty is that if you can’t afford basic needs, you are poor. Yet, identifying such basic needs is bit complicated. Normally those are identified as items related to food, clothing and shelter. However, Amartya Sen (1983) states that basic needs are best understood capabilities such as to be free from decease, to travel; transportation, to be educated; schooling. Marshall Sahlins (1974) argues that poverty is a social status. When benchmarking poverty, there are two main classifications. Those are Absolute Poverty and Relative Poverty. Both of these types are based on income of the people rather than other social factors. ...
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...enhancing with rapid leaps and bounds. This concept must be recognized in order to reduce the curse of gender inequality and illiteracy. Racism is still a problem in American corporations; therefore, it prevents some minority applicants from advancing in their companies. Such a situation of gender inequality and diversity is described in this essay. This essay is divided into five parts mainly highlighting the reasons of inequality in the organization that Maria worked for. It identifies the prime reasons for structural discrimination, individual discriminations, and prejudicial attitude. It highlights the reasons Maria is unfairly treated by her supervisor and also the ways to improve her communication. It includes a plan to reduce such type of misconducts within an organization to maintain gender equality and uniqueness in the future. A brief conclusion is presented at the end of this essay. Discussion Evaluation of the Scenario The company that Maria worked for refused to offer her a promotion in spite of ten years of hard work. She was told by her supervisor that this was because of her accent. He expected the employees that communicated directly with customers to speak in unaccented English. “The law forbids discrimination when it comes to any aspect of employment, including hiring, firing, pay, job assignments, promotions, layoff, training, fringe benefits, and any other term or conditions of employment” (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 2014). Her supervisor...
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