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Independent Variables

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Variable Independiente
Una variable independiente es la variable de la que podemos tener el control, podemos escoger manipularla, y usualmente es lo que uno piensa que puede afectar a la variable dependiente, en algunos casos, no es posible para la persona manipularla, Puede que sea algo que ya esté completamente “arreglado”, algo que se puede evaluar acerca de cómo afecta a otras cosas como la variable dependiente ya sea por ejemplo color, tipo y tiempo. Etc. Ejemplo: Una persona está interesada en como el estrés afecta el corazón y sus latido en los humanos. La variable independiente sería el estrés, y la variable dependiente sería los latidos del corazón, se puede deducir directamente los niveles de estrés en los humanos y el efecto de los niveles de estrés en el cambio de la calidad del corazón.
En la verificación experimental, el investigador intenta reproducir artificialmente los fenómenos que se dan de forma espontánea en la realidad y que desea comprender; cuando dispone de una hipótesis que establece un supuesto vínculo causal entre un objeto, proceso o característica (supuesta causa) y el objeto proceso o característica que exige una explicación (el efecto), manipula experimentalmente la primera para ver si se produce el efecto que la hipótesis describía. La variable que manipula el experimentador recibe el nombre de variable independiente.
El objeto, proceso o característica a estudiar y que modifica su estado con la modificación de la variable independiente (es decir que depende de ella y que en esa medida es un efecto) se llama variable dependiente. Si queremos averiguar cómo se produce la modificación en nuestras sensaciones visuales con la modificación de la luz, la luz seria la variable que tiene que manipular el investigador (es decir, la variable independiente) y la sensación luminosa del sujeto, la variable dependiente.

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