...Influence of Math on Economics In: Business and Management Influence of Math on Economics Influence of Math on Economics Michelle Balmer, Marcie Holland, Beverly Segars, Israel Figueroa, and Porshia Cross MTH 110 Rigoberto Martinez March 17, 2012 The Influence of Math on Economics The history of mathematics is an investigative study of the discoveries of mathematics methods and notations from the past. The study of mathematics began in the 6th century BC with the Pythagoreans who coined the ancient Greek term mathematics with the meaning subject of instruction. Before the spread of knowledge, mathematics was written expressions of the development of Babylonian, Egyptian, and Pythagorean Theorem, which demonstrate the basics of arithmetic and geometry. Arithmetic is one of the oldest forms of mathematics used by Antoine-Augustin Cournot and Joseph Louis Francois Bertrand for tasks of simple day-to-day counting to science and business activities. Arithmetic involves the study of quantity as it relates to addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Mathematicians refer to the more advanced term of number theory. Antoine-Augustin Cournot and Joseph Louis Francois Bertrand’s influence on mathematics lay the foundation of the economic effect of the application method on economic theory and analysis of how it will affect others. Each allows individuals to form a meaningful understanding...
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...Influence of Math on Economics Michelle Balmer, Marcie Holland, Beverly Segars, Israel Figueroa, and Porshia Cross MTH 110 Rigoberto Martinez March 17, 2012 The Influence of Math on Economics The history of mathematics is an investigative study of the discoveries of mathematics methods and notations from the past. The study of mathematics began in the 6th century BC with the Pythagoreans who coined the ancient Greek term mathematics with the meaning subject of instruction. Before the spread of knowledge, mathematics was written expressions of the development of Babylonian, Egyptian, and Pythagorean Theorem, which demonstrate the basics of arithmetic and geometry. Arithmetic is one of the oldest forms of mathematics used by Antoine-Augustin Cournot and Joseph Louis Francois Bertrand for tasks of simple day-to-day counting to science and business activities. Arithmetic involves the study of quantity as it relates to addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division. Mathematicians refer to the more advanced term of number theory. Antoine-Augustin Cournot and Joseph Louis Francois Bertrand’s influence on mathematics lay the foundation of the economic effect of the application method on economic theory and analysis of how it will affect others. Each allows individuals to form a meaningful understanding of the complex expressions in various languages. Cournot and Bertrand have used the importance...
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...The Influence of Mathematics on Daily Social Activities MTH/110 March 2, 2015 The Influence of Mathematics Society is an important concept in which stands the intellectual development of mathematics and science. Today, in society, mathematics makes extraordinary demands and so to the world of mathematicians and scientists. The purpose of the report is to identify the influence and effects of mathematics in society. It includes some history of math and its major demands and capabilities that come with the material and mathematicians. Math Background People have believed in mathematics and the discipline that comes with it since centuries ago, some may like, and some may not. Some people used to worship mathematics and believe in it for living like Aryabatta and Bhaskara. Back to the 4th century, Aristotle and Plato had already an idea of the existence of mathematics in their mind and the external world; also he argued about a positive effect on individuals (Dossey). In the middle ages, mathematicians were coming out and at one point competing without knowing in discovering new techniques. Archimedes had one of the greatest impacts on its work in mathematics but he was known later in the 16th century when Federico Commandino in 1558 translation into Latin most of his printing texts and spread it out with other mathematicians and physics of the time, that includes Johannes Kepler and Galileo Galilei (Toomer, 2014). Many other mathematicians...
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...were significantly related to academic achievement; adjustment was positively correlated with academic achievement in case of boys. Gupta (1987) studied relationship between locus of control, anxiety, personality traits, level of aspiration and academic achievement of secondary school students with the objective to assess the magnitude and direction of relationship of locus of control, anxiety, personality traits, level of aspiration with academic achievement by taking a sample of 670 students of average intelligence drawn from a population of 3780 students of class XI of Hindi medium school of Allahabad city and found that locus of control, anxiety, level of aspiration was correlated negatively with academic achievement; socio economic status had significant positive correlation with academic achievement; boys were high achievers, more internally...
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...and a sound decision. There are people who are appointed as the role players in decision making those people poses power and they have authority for making decision. The issues o decision will be explored with regard to the policy context as well as the policy they impact on policy making , I will also look at how the policy analysis serve to explain or to describe how decision come to be made. Issue • The issue is about the decision analysis techniques which serves to explain how decisions are ought to be made. • The role of power in decision making. • The other issue which is very important and crucial in decision making is the use of rational approach in decision making and it two encompassing approaches; economic and bureaucratic approach. • The last issue to talk about is the issue concerning decision making in the whole policy context the issue of who has the authority in decision making....
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...ADYSSA RISKA L. Z. 291 12 089 Business Economics – YP47A A Beautiful Mind – Movie Review A Beautiful Mind is a story based on the life of the famous mathematician John Forbes Nash. His contributions to mathematics are outstanding. When he was an undergraduate, he proved Brouwer's fixed point theorem. He then broke one of Riemann's most perplexing mathematical problems and became famous for the Nash Solution. From then on, Nash provided breakthrough after breakthrough in mathematics. In 1958 John Forbes Nash was described as being 'the most promising young mathematician in the world'. John solved problems in mathematics that many mathematicians deemed not solvable. On the threshold of such a promising and outstanding career, he then went on to suffer through three decades of a devastating form of paranoid schizophrenia. He lost his teaching professions and his job. He refused all medical treatment and spent years in and out of delusional states. Remarkably, in 1994 John won the Nobel Prize in Economic Science for his work on Game Theory. Game Theory is an analytical tool to understand the phenomena behind the way decision-makers interact. Nash's work on Game Theory in the early stages has Nash comparing it to football, pigeon feeding habits and picking up women. It's the bar scene where Nash has his big 'Ah Ha' moment. While Nash and his friends all have their eyes on the same blonde woman, he surprises his colleagues with the question that if we all want the same woman...
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...with life’s problem. For Afe (2000), Education is considered as a tool to be used for the integration of the individual into the society to achieve self-realisation, develop national consciousness, promote unity, and strive for social, economic, political, scientific, cultural and technological progress. Education in science and mathematics therefore becomes bedrock and indispensable tools for scientific, technological and economic advancement in any nation. It gives the nation the capacity to apply technology for the exploitation of the resources of nature. Such exploitation will depend greatly on mathematics for laying the foundation for political, governmental, military, civil, scientific, technological advancement, economic development, socio-cultural and environmental peace. The importance of mathematics transcends all the definitions and the prosperity of any country depends on the volume and quality of mathematics offered in its school system. Obe (1996) conceptualises mathematics as the master and servant of most disciplines and thus, a source of enlightenment and understanding of the universe. He further opines that without it, the understanding of national problems would be superficial. Greaber and Weisman (1995) agree that mathematics helps the individual to understand the environment and to give accurate account of the physical phenomena around every person. To this end, Setidisho (2001) submits that no other...
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...question because of the difficulties of identifying peer effects per se. Our strategy to identify peer group effects involves the elimination of problems introduced by unmeasured or mismeasured influences on achievement through the estimation of achievement growth models with fixed individual and school-by-grade effects. Our basic estimation of elementary school achievement growth indicates that the achievement level and racial composition of peers has a direct influence on achievement. All students appear to benefit from having higher achieving schoolmates, although the effect is quite small. The variance in achievement appears to have no systematic influence, and the effects of mean differences in peer achievement levels are roughly constant across quartiles of the achievement distribution – suggesting that ability grouping policies have primary influence on the distribution of performance and not the level. Moreover, ceteris paribus schools with higher concentrations of minority students lead to lower achievement for Black students but minimal effects on whites or Hispanics. Paper prepared for the Conference on Empirics of Social Interactions Brookings Institution January 14-15, 2000 * University of Rochester and National Bureau of Economic Research; University of Texas at Dallas; Amherst College; and Amherst College, respectively. Support for this work has been provided by the Spencer Foundation, the Mellon Foundation, the Smith...
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...INFLUENCE OF TEST ANXIETY AND SELF EFFICACY ON MATHEMATICS PERFORMANCE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN KANDUYI DIVISION OF BUNGOMA DISTRICT By Simiyu, Marango G. Moses E55/5150/2003 A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF EDUCATION IN THE SCHOOL OF EDUCATION OF KENYATTA UNIVERSITY. OCTOBER, 2010. DECLARATION “This thesis is my original work and has not been presented for a degree in any other University.” Signature _______________ Date Name: Simiyu, Marango G. Moses________ E55/5150/2003 Supervisors: “we confirm that the work reported in this thesis was carried out by the candidate under our supervision as university supervisors. Supervisors: Signature: 1 _______________ Date____________ Prof. Fredrick Moses Okatcha Educational Psychology Department 2 _________________ Prof. Haniel N. Gatumu Educational Psychology Department Date____________ ii DEDICATION To my dear wife Maria and our children, Maureen, Valerie, Bramuel and Gideon. Your support, love and understanding remain a strong inspiration to move on. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Am indebted to acknowledge the invaluable support accorded to me during the period of study by my supervisors Prof. F.M Okatcha and Prof.H.N Gatumu of Kenyatta University. I would also like to appreciate the assistance of Dr. Kwena, Dr.Mweru and Dr.Mugambi of Educational Psychology department for their constructive criticism of this work. I thank Dr. John Wesonga and Mrs...
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...Role of Mathematics in Economics Article authored during M.A. degree between 1987-1989. Introduction Traditionally, application of mathematics had been restricted to the physical sciences, and the theories in the social sciences had been neglected, but in these days we notice that mathematical economics is flying high. We also observe that the articles on mathematical economics and fewer points on economic theory, occupy more prominent place in the economics journals. Arguments given in the favor of mathematics look attractive in the first instance but they are not free of problems. It is argued by many economists that mathematical models are recognized in providing a rational approach to solving many of the problems in decision making, allocation, and forecasting1. Mathematical models present theoretical work in their own language, which is a tool of communication, but we know that a language must be simple and easily understood to be appreciated, but as a language, mathematics is not simple and easy. In this paper, an attempt is made to discourage the excessive use of mathematics in economics, by describing its drawbacks in the economic theory. Attention is given to the scientific nature of the economics. In the beginning some definitions are given and comparison between different models are given, to develop an understanding in the subject. Mathematisation of Economics The major development of the second quarter of 20th century in the field of economics was the mathematization...
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...RAND was initially placed under the guidance of the Air Force, however, the sentiment of senior leaders in the military, government, and intellectuals participating felt that continuing under the umbrella of one of the branches of the military might stagnate the benefit of having a group of “free thinkers” from achieving great results. RAND was given independence to conduct research and this freedom of thought was “guarded” within this group of researchers. RAND attracted creative talent and individuals who were free thinkers who found comfort in not being held to a deadline or driven towards an A or B outcome choice. RAND fostered strategic thinking based on all of the intellectuals from various disciplines like economics, mathematics, research analysis, were placed in an environment with colleagues from the most influential intellectual institutions of the day as well as the federal sector, military and civilians branches of government. RAND received a grant from Henry Ford II ($1,000,000) which allowed the organization to become a non-profit organization with no direct oversight and agenda handed to the early key minds. These intellectuals could collaborate across fields and often bought in leading intellectuals that could contribute to the cause of connecting military scientist and industry, with several players coming from academia prior to the war, to figure out how science, social sciences, math,...
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...Chapter 2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES Presented in this chapter is foreign and local literature and studies which are relevant to the present undertaking. Literature and studies cited enables the researcher to have a better understanding and a wider perspective of this investigation. Adversity Quotient (AQ) and its nature Resilience refers to the ability to cope or to give a successful response to high risk or adversity as measured by the four CO2RE scales of the adversity quotient. It is an outcome of both individual characteristics and environmental causes. Resilience is viewed by the individual from the inside as he or she responds to the outside or external influences and events, viz. Adversity. Richard Davidson, director of the Laboratory for Effective Neuroscience at the University of Wisconsin, conducted a landmark series of brain imaging studies that tested two groups of people: one identified as highly resilient to life’s ups and downs, the other easily upset by them. Davidson tracked their brain function as they performed stressful tasks, such as writing about the most upsetting experience in their lives or performing difficult math problems under time pressure (Goleman, 1997). Resilient people have a remarkably rapid recovery from stress. A study of store managers at a large American retail chain store found that the managers who were most tense, beleaguered, or overwhelmed by job pressures ran stores with the worst performance...
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...Mathematics learning performance and Mathematics learning difficulties in China Ningning Zhao Promotor: Prof. Dr. Martin Valcke Co-promoter: Prof. Dr. Annemie Desoete Proefschrift ingediend tot het behalen van de academische graad van Doctor in de Pedagogische Wetenschappen 2011 This Ph.D research project was funded by Ghent University BOF Research Grant (BOF07/DOS/056) Acknowledgements There is still a long and indistinct way and I will keep on going to explore the unknown. 路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。 - Qu Yuan (340-278 BC) This dissertation would not have been possible unless so many persons contributed to it. The first person I should give my gratitude is Prof. dr. Cong Lixin in Beijing Normal University. It is she who recommanded me to my promoter - Prof. dr. Martin Valcke. Based on the cooperation contact between the two universities, I have the opportunity to start my journey in Ghent University. The fantasty journey started from Year 2007 gudided by the Prof. dr. Martin Valcke. I am heartily thankful to my promoter Prof. dr. Martin Valcke and my co-promotor Prof. dr. Annemie Desoete, whose encouragement, supervision and support from the preliminary to the concluding level enabled me to carry on the research project. My deepest gratitude is to Prof. dr. Martin Valcke. I am not a smart student who always give him so much revision work. It is extremely fortunate for me to have a promoter who is characterized by energy...
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...pay for it by himself. Luckily for Friedman, he was awarded a scholarship from Rutgers University. Friedman enjoyed mathematics and he went to school with the intentions of becoming an actuary (a person finds ways to manage potential risks), instead of what he is now famous for, economics. During his four years at Rutgers, he specialized in mathematics and went as far to taking a few actuarial examines. However, shortly after, he became interested in economics and eventually ended with a major in both actuary and economics. In Freidman’s autobiography, he mentions two men who helped him better understand economics. Arthur Burns, one of the men mentioned, was teaching at Rutgers while completing his doctorate for Columbia. “Burns shaped my understanding of economic research, introduced me to the highest scientific standards, and became a guiding influence on my subsequent career” (citation). Homer Jones was the other individual who had an impact on Friedman’s life. Jones introduced Freidman to rigorous economic theory, made economics exciting and relevant, and encouraged him to go on to graduate work. With Jones recommendation, the Chicago Economics Department offered Friedman a scholarship. He began attending classes at Chicago in 1932. According to Friedman, the most important event of that year was meeting an extremely bright fellow economics student,...
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...Differences in parental influence on adolescent academic achievement in American and Asian societies (Taiwan, China, & Japan) A lot of attention has been paid to the roles parents play in influencing adolescent academic achievement. The purpose of this project is to compare differences in parental influence on adolescent academic achievement between American and Asian societies. The Asian countries focus on Taiwan, China, and Japan. The project also offers some explanations for why Asian adolescent students outdistance American students in academic achievement. If we give a definition of achievement or achievement motivation, we can define it as people wanting to develop a competent self, or individuals having the motivation to succeed, to be good at something, to be independent and competitive, and to do well at whatever they may attempt. We can analyze Weinerís attribution theory of achievement into three dimensions: the locus of control, stability, and controllability. (Weiner, 1986) What students attribute their academic achievement to is a big issue. If students believe a failure is controllable - the result of low effort ñ they may be spurred on by that failure to do better next time. And a significant and important factor that affects studentsí attribution might be parental influence. In different countries, parents have totally different attitudes toward their childrenís academic performance. This article provides possible reasons for why Asian students outdistance...
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