...com/researchregister The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at www.emeraldinsight.com/0956-4233.htm IJSIM 15,1 What drives consumers to shop online? A literature review ˜ ´ Tonita Perea y Monsuwe, Benedict G.C. Dellaert and Ko de Ruyter Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands Keywords Information media, Internet, Purchasing, Shopping Abstract While a large number of consumers in the US and Europe frequently shop on the Internet, research on what drives consumers to shop online has typically been fragmented. This paper therefore proposes a framework to increase researchers’ understanding of consumers’ attitudes toward online shopping and their intention to shop on the Internet. The framework uses the constructs of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a basis, extended by exogenous factors and applies it to the online shopping context. The review shows that attitudes toward online shopping and intention to shop online are not only affected by ease of use, usefulness, and enjoyment, but also by exogenous factors like consumer traits, situational factors, product characteristics, previous online shopping experiences, and trust in online shopping. 102 Introduction Despite the slowing penetration of regular Internet users, the number of consumers using the Internet to shop for consumer goods and services is still growing (Forrester Research, December 2001). Research from the GfK Group (2002) shows that the number of online shoppers in...
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...Online Shopping: A Comparison of Online Consumers in China and the US * Department of Marketing, Howard University, 2600 6th Street, NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA Department of Marketing, The George Washington University, Funger 301D, 2201 G Street, NW, Washington DC, 20052, USA ^ Department of Marketing, Towson University, Stephens Hall 123, 8000 York Road, Towson, MD 21252, USA 1 gong.gw@gmail.com; 2maddox@gwu.edu; 3rstump@towson.edu market, one that is striving to transform its economy from being manufacturing-based to technology-based. The Chinese government has attached great importance to e-tailing in spurring economic growth and recently has released a series of policies to regularize and guide Internet and e-tailing development (6). Furthermore, China has overtaken Japan as the world's second-largest economy and is predicted to replace the US as the world's top economy in roughly a decade (12). Collectively, all of these factors bode well for an improving etailing environment in China. The focus of this study is to examine whether online consumers in China and the US share similar attitudes with regard to online shopping. While there is a wealth of research focusing on online shopping behaviour in Western countries, relatively little research has compared consumer attitudes toward online shopping across nations. Reflecting the call by Van Slyke, Belanger and Sridhar (13) for more cross-cultural comparison research on consumers’ e-tailing attitudes and behaviour, the...
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...Abstract Information technology is all around in life, at work, home, school, university even sports grounds. The following essay will examine what effects the proliferation of information technology has had on our view of privacy. Some say that our perception of privacy have not changed, however there are others that our do not agree and believe our perception has changed dramatically due to the saturation levels in our society Introduction “Modern technology is facilitating the steady disappearance of individual privacy – even under normal circumstances. Add a real or hyped threat to the common good and the erosion of individual privacy is further accelerated” (Caloyannides, M 2003, Privacy vs. Information Technology, p. 100). Privacy concerns are not only a recent issue however with the ever increasing amount of information technology in our lives the topic has exploded and mutated into an ongoing debate between governments, social networking giants, corporations and privates individuals. With a slowdown of Information technology not looking likely in the foreseeable future will it be a case of “in 20 years’ time, will there be any privacy to protect?” (The surveillance society 1999, p.21). This essay will argue the point that while information technology in our society has created a more productive and social one, it has certainly altered our perception of privacy. I have focused on three areas (Social Network and online communities, E-Commerce and Video surveillance...
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...recent year, with the development of technology, online shopping has become more and more popular among people. Despite it has brough much convenience in daily life, there are also some issue generated with its development. This essay will propose the current issues of online shopping and explore some ways to solve the issues. Executive summary The increasing use of Internet has attracted attention from a number of people, especially in the field of online shopping. However, there are problems and questions raised by scholars as well as consumers on the effectiveness of Internet market and its disadvantages. As a consequence, online shopping has taken off as a platform where the transaction and purchase are proceeded by an increasing number of consumers. The purpose of the report is to discuss ethical issues of online shopping, which will mainly focus on exploring potential risks of online shopping. Introduction In the background of traditional shopping modes, consumers are normally passive recipients of information, and they are not available and accessible to dynamic information in the market. However, with the development of technology and science, it is necessary to combine the new technology with emerging market opportunities. The report will focus on adverse effects generated with the advent of internet shopping, such as privacy and security risks. At last there will be analysis about current issues, including security and information disclosure and online cheating problems...
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...the Thai Chamber of Commerce E-mail: suthawan_chi@utcc.ac.th 41 FACTORS AFFECTING BEHAVIORAL INTENTION TO PURCHASE LOW–COST AIRLINE E-TICKET IN YHAILAND by Piyanath Maneechot School of Business, University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce and Suthawan Chirapanda School of Business, University of the Thai Chamber of Commerce E-mail: suthawan_chi@utcc.ac.th Abstract Purpose - The purpose of this research aims to investigate the factors that affecting behavioral intention to purchase low-cost airline e-ticket and this research. Design/methodology - This research employed an empirical study with the use of the questionnaire survey method, in total, 430 responses were collected through randomly mailing and sent out to consumers who had an experience of purchasing low cost airline e-ticket. Findings - The result showed that marketing efforts, perceive ease of use and perceived usefulness positively affects attitude toward using low cost airline e-ticket and attitude toward using and subjective norm also positive affect behavioral intention to purchase low-cost airline e-ticket. The research showed that perceived usefulness was the most important factor that affect to the behavioral intention to purchase low-cost airline e-ticket. Practical implications - The research showed perceived usefulness was the most important factor that affect to the behavioral intention to purchase low-cost airline e-ticket. . The most influence question in this factor is “using...
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...distributed and sold. Due to their information-intensive nature, travel products are thought to be very suitable for sale on the Internet. These developments have changed travellers’ behaviour that now depends on the Internet to search for information, plan their travel, and purchase online. Different sources provide evidence that illustrate the importance of online travel shopping. Research Objectives: * To explore the relationship between the Internet and the travel industry, with a special emphasis on the impacts brought by the Internet; * To identify the factors affecting the online travel shopping behaviour of FEU students, with special emphasis on the influence of trust and culture * To explore internet usage for information searching and product purchasing for online travel products by FEU students. * To determine the positive and negative effects of online travel shopping to the behaviour of FEU students. Review of Related Literature NEW TECHNOLOGIES. They provide travellers with greater access to information, and facilitate the purchase of remote tourism products. (New Web-based and mobile technologies have become important drivers of change in travel behaviour. They provide travellers with greater access to information, and facilitate the purchase of remote tourism products.) (In the context of tourism, this active participation of consumers is becoming especially prevalent through websites that provide consumers with the opportunity to save and...
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...|Consumer’s perception of food quality and its relation to the choice of food | |Master thesis | |Master of Science in Marketing | | | |DEPARTMENT OF MARKETING AND STATISTICS | |HANDELSHØJSKOLEN | |AARHUS UNIVERSITET | | | | | | | | ...
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...the consumption behavior of the old age population. The study can be carried out in two major streams of research. * Research on Information processing * Research on Consumer Behavior (Cognition, Attitude and Behavior) Following theoretical framework can be used for carrying out the research. Lifestyle Products Lifestyle Products Age Related Needs Lifestyle Consumer Responses Attitude * Advertisements * Technology Attitude * Advertisements * Technology Activities Activities Interests/ Hobbies Interests/ Hobbies Biological * General * Symptoms * Senses Biological * General * Symptoms * Senses Social * Relations * Availability Social * Relations * Availability Psychological * Processing * Emotions * Personality Psychological * Processing * Emotions * Personality Cognition * Sources of information * Store Selection Cognition * Sources of information * Store Selection Behavior * Purchase of Products * Purchase of Brands Behavior * Purchase of Products * Purchase of Brands We aim to undertake primary research and develop detailed consumer understanding. The research methodology would include Consumer Immersions/ Dipsticks to identify their specific needs....
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...CHAPTER 1 Understanding Consumer Behavior TRUE/FALSE 1. GOOGLE CONDUCTS RESEARCH ON JAPAN’S CONSUMERS BECAUSE THEIR HEAVY USE OF CELL PHONES TO ACCESS THE INTERNET. Ans: T Page: 2 AACSB: Technology 2. Consumer behavior involves more than buying and using goods and services. Ans: T Page: 3 AACSB: Analytic 3. The average U.S. household spends $127 per day on goods and services. Ans: T Page: 5 AACSB: Analytic 4. Online shopping is growing by more than 30 percent every year. Ans: F Page: 8 AACSB: Technology 5. The primary reason, according to your text, that people prefer to shop online is that there is a wide selection. Ans: F Page: 10 AACSB: Technology 6. The four domains of consumer behavior are (1) psychological, (2) the process of making decisions, (3) the consumer’s family upbringing, and (4) consumer behavior outcomes. Ans: F Page: 11 AACSB: Analytic 7. In consumer behavior, recognizing a problem occurs when consumers realize they have an unfilled need. Ans: T Page: 12 AACSB: Analytic 8. Culture refers only to the typical or expected behaviors or norms of religious groups. Ans: F Page: 13 AACSB: Analytic 9. Jack is an avid gamer and meets John, who plays similar video games. Jack would consider John as a part of his reference group. Ans: T Page: 14 AACSB: Analytic 10. One reason marketers study consumer behavior is because it helps them to create new products. Ans: T Page: 16 AACSB: Analytic ...
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... FEATURE Leadership Styles of Information Technology Administrators in Selected Philippine Adventist Educational Institutions Adrian Schmidt Abstract: This study investigated the relationship between the Leadership Style of Information Technology (IT) administrators in selected Adventist colleges/universities in the Philippines, and the perception of the consumers about IT services. Significant differences were found in the perceptions of IT services when consumers were grouped by age, number of years in the institution, and level of education completed. Significant differences were found between the faculty, staff and students, with students indicating less favorable perceptions of IT services. Negative correlations were found between the attitude of consumers toward the IT department and the authoritative component of leadership, and a positive correlation was found between a laissez-faire style and attitudes of consumers toward the IT department. Information Technology (IT) departments are often perceived as being characterized by a lot of movement, speed, and the sense of never having enough time. But, are there differences between IT departments? Is there a way to differentiate between IT departments that produce better results and those that are always behind schedule? Between the best IT leaders and the mediocre ones? What are the factors that influence people’s perceptions of IT services? Does leadership style influence their perception? Are there other factors? According...
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...Abstract This web assignment examines websites pertaining to toothbrushes, in order to determine if they encompass the necessary attributes that will establish them to be an effective website. This web assignment analysis will also focus on how well the consumer’s perception affects the influence the website may have on the consumer, the stages related to perception as identified by Forbes. Furthermore, I will address how the personality of a consumer affects their buying decisions as well as analyzing the effectiveness of the websites in reaching their respective target markets along with improvement recommendations. Literature Review According to an article published in Forbes, there are 10 essentials of an effective website. The 10 essentials include: “company/product easily identifiable, front and center contact information, fast search bar, speed; detailed, well-organized content; product qualities highlighted, differentiated benefits presented, encourages return visits, easy to navigate, and fresh new content.” (Steiner, 2010) The aspect of many websites contains a host with a throng of links that are broken. Steiner noted that according to the managing partner of Elasticity, Brian Cross, “after fifteen years and millions of sites later, the Internet is still rife with shoddy virtual real estate and for many of the sites a disregard for fundamentals is the cause of the problem.” In assessing the 10 essentials...
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...1. Product strategies of private life insurance companies 2. A study on “why companies should go for outsourcing” 3. Effectiveness of advertising on real estate sector 4. Study on consumer expectations and perceptions towards consumer loans 5. Workers attrition rate at hotel industry is increasing. Study regarding this issue 6. Attrition rates at different sectors 7. Effectiveness and scope of employee referrals in the process of talent sourcing 8. Study of training needs across different industries 9. Study on creation of luxury brand 10. Strategies used to build successful Internet based customer services 11. Measuring the effectiveness of retail banking of a nationalised bank compared to a MNC 12. Conspicuous consumption 13. Study of awareness and acceptibility of UPVC windows and door systems 14. Opportunities of Financing the NANO’s in Bangalore 15. Changing trends in FMCG industry in India 16. A study of best HR practices in service industry 17. Fundamental analysis of Indian telecom companies 18. Study of consumer behaviour in automobile industry 19. customer buying behaviour towards insurance products 20. Promotion strategies followed in Insurance sector 21. Study on changing consumer preference towards organised retailing from un-organised retailing 22. study on “impact of advertising in B2B marketing” 23. Distribution network & general insurance industry 24. A study on distribution channels in aluminium industry 25. Study on strategies for...
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...people’s attitudes to GM food. 3. The most important literature overall that you have read Main body Section A (including 1 paragraph) General attitudes 1. 2. 3. Section B (including 1 paragraph) Socio-demographic status such as gender, age 1. Gloede, Bechmann and Hennen (1993) The overall attitude towards genetic engineering is determined by socio-demographic factors such as age and education. 2. Miller (1997), pp. 54 Gender and science knowledge of science are the main factors influencing attitudes towards genetics. According to his results, based on US data, women reject GM of food more than men. 3. Hamstra (1995) She examined product and consumer characteristics as determinants of consumer acceptance and found that demographic factors had only little explanatory power, whereas the subjective perceptions of product characteristics were more important. 4. Springer (2002) p12 Many researchers focusing only on socio-demographic factors have failed in providing well-reasoned explanations for existing differences. Socio-demographic variables are not sufficient to explain differences between countries. For further explanations it is necessary to include other cognitive factors. Section C (including 3 paragraph)...
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...MARKETING MANAGEMENT TOPIC 1 1. What is marketing? American Marketing Association: “Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders”. Value: perceived tangible and intangible benefits and costs to customers Marketing is the art and science of choosing target markets and getting, keeping, growing customers through creating, delivering and communicating superior customer value. Target market: markets being aimed at Marketing is a societal process by which individuals and groups obtain what they need and want through creating, offering and freely exchanging products and services of values with others Need: basic human requirements: food, air, water, clothing and shelter to survive. Strong need: recreation, education, entertainment. Wants: Needs directed to specific objects that might satisfy the need Demand: Needs backed by an ability to pay COMPANY ORIENTATION * Production concept * Product concept * Selling concept * Marketing concept * Holistic marketing concept + Internal marketing + Socially responsible marketing + Relationship marketing + Integrated marketing Marketing mix PRODUCT | PRICE | PLACE | PROMOTION | ProductVariety Quality DesignFeaturesBrand namePackagingServices | PriceList priceDiscountsAllowancesPayment periodsCredit terms | PlaceChannelsCoverageLocationsInventoryTransport...
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...1. Introduction 1 1.1 Research motivation and objectives 1 1.2 Research contributions 3 2. Theory 4 2.1Trust vs. customer trust 5 2.2 Customer trust vs. online trust 8 2.2.1 Define customer trust in online shopping 8 2.2.2 The importance of customer trust in online shopping 9 2.2.3 Findings from past studies 9 2.3 E-business Vs E-drugstore 12 2.3.1 A glance of pharmaceutical industry & drugstore sector 14 2.4 Website factors that might affect the perceptions of customers’ online trust 18 2.4.1 Website factors VS consumer factors 18 2.4.2 Discussion of website factors 19 3. Methodology, data, and model 36 3.1 Methodology and data collection 36 3.2 Model & analysis 37 3.2.1 Variance analysis 37 3.2.2 Factor analysis 40 4. Results and discussion 43 4.1 Results for research questions 43 4.2 Results from factor analysis 47 5. Managerial implications 49 6. Limitation and further research 54 7. Conclusion 56 Appendix A: Customer trust survey 57 Appendix B: Factor analysis of attributes of websites factors (Heavy Loadings) 58 Appendix C: Frequency table 59 References 60 1. Introduction 1.1 Research motivation and objectives It is commonly accepted that e-business is beneficial to the further growth and success of businesses, government, and not-for-profit organizations (Sultan et al, 2002). Specifically, the advent of the Internet has brought new business opportunities to the retail industry. However, no matter how wonderful e-business is, many small...
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