...The Reconstruction Era As a country, America has gone though many political changes throughout its lifetime. Leaders have come and gone, and all of them have had their own objectives and plans for the future. As history has taken its course, though, almost all of these “revolutionary movements” have come to an end. One such movement was Reconstruction. Reconstruction was a violent period that defined the defeated South’s status in the Union and the meaning of freedom for ex-slaves. Though, like many things in life, it did come to an end, and the resulting outcome has been labeled both a success and a failure. When Reconstruction began in 1865, a broken America had just finished fighting the Civil War . In many respects, Reconstruction was a time period of attempted healing and building. It was the point where America attempted to become a full running country once more. This, though, was not an easy task. The memory of massive death was still in the front of everyone’s mind, hardening into resentment and sometimes even hatred. The south was virtually non-existent politically or economically, and searching desperately for a way into the political scene. Along with these things, now living amongst the population were almost four million former slaves, who had no idea how to make a living on their own. The former slaves had been freed by the 13th amendment in 1865, and in the future became a great concern to many political leaders. Still, it was no secret that something...
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...History 11 exam 2 study guide 1) Explain the structure of the US Gov. under the new constitution and describe the compromises that led to its ratification? What problems do you think remained for the united states under this constitution? The structure of the US Gov under the new constitution sets out the powers of the United States does and what the State powers are as well. In addition Madison is setting up a competion between the US Gov and the States. The US gov can coin money, make taxes, make treaties. State Powers can create taxes, make treaties, but can’t coin money. Many of the powers of the States are often duplicated from the Us Gov. powers. Also there is the 3 branch concept which consist of Executive branch (President, Enforce laws),Legislative Branch (Congress, Make Laws), and Judicial Branch( Interept Laws). These branches will also compete with each other. Example of congress fighting with the president on raising the national debt ceiling. In addition the Judicial branch will sometimes get involved because they have the power to declare a law constitutional or unconstitutional which is the final say. In addion the Judicial Branch can also interpret laws made by the legislative Branch.The compromise that led to the ratification are Virginia Plan:being a large state, because virgina had a larger population.the viginians did not think it was fair for a state to have 3times less population to have a equal vote as a larger state such as virginia.They wanted more...
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...Both ‘A Valediction’ and ‘The Anniversary’ as two poems written by John Donne possess certain similarities, largely through Donne’s use of extended metaphor in both to portray his feelings of love. However, elements of these poems can also be seen as to greatly juxtapose with ‘A Valediction’ focussing on the concept of ‘greater love’ enduring distance whilst ‘The Anniversary’ seems to portray the same love, though enduring time. Both poems convey a sense of ‘higher love’ - a highly spiritual experience. In ‘A Valediction’ Donne writes of ‘Dull, sublunary lovers’ in comparison to himself and his wife, using assonance to amplify the portrayal of these lovers as heavy-sounding and truly physical rather than anything more spiritual. The adjective ‘dull’ creates a lack of brightness about most lovers in comparison to Donne, whilst as he adds ‘Whose soul is sense’ Donne uses sibilance to continue the peaceful and gentle air of the poem in order to replicate his love, rather than to portray the love of the ‘Dull, sublunary lovers’. Donne’s ‘refin’d’ love (syntactically placed at the end of the line for further weight in describing the innate majesty of Donne’s love) connotes that of a diamond – a precious commodity in the 17th century – to describe the rich wealth of his love to his wife, but also its rarity, whilst Marxist literary theorists perceive this to be a reference to Donne’s ‘hardly attainable’ love, only truly expressible in the higher classes. In ‘The Anniversary’ , Donne...
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...O'Reilly, Bill, and Martin Dugard. Killing Lincoln: The Shocking Assassination That Changed America Forever. New York: Henry Holt and, 2011. Print. Killing Lincoln is a book written by Bill O’Reilly and Martin Dugard. The information about Martin Dugard on his website says that he is a running enthusiast and a successful cross country coach. He has written several novels on his own, as well as co-authored books with Bill O’Reilly and James Patterson. Bill O’Reilly is much more well known as a talk show host for FOX. Before his success in television O’Reilly was a high school history teacher, which could explain his background for writing a book like this. Of the two, O’Reilly would certainly have the resources to do extensive research to write a historically accurate book. Before the prologue, O’Reilly gives a note to the readers. He gives two key reasons as to why he is writing this book. The first is, “You will learn much in these pages, and the experience, I believe, will advance your understanding of our country, and how Lincoln’s murder changed it forever,” and the second is, “For those of us that want to improve the United States and keep it the greatest nation in the world, we must be aware of the true heroes who have made the country great as well as the villains who have besmirched it” (p 1-2). This is the purpose of the book and I feel that this is what O’Reilly is intending, so there does not seem to be any main thesis that he is arguing to prove. In my own...
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...River, to Oklahoma on the famous trail known as the Trail of Tears. Jackson stated he did this to save to Indian culture, but really it was to forcibly remove them from their land and give it to White Farmers. Did the Indians have rights like the white males? Jackson kind of laugh that off and in doing so failed to uphold the Constitution, because he didn’t see them as Americans (which they were not, they were considered a “domestic, dependent nation”). An example of this is when John Marshall head of the Supreme Court decided it was unconstitutional to remove the Indians from their lands and Jackson said, “John Marshall made his decision, now let him enforce it!” This shows his absolute power, and this is why people referred to him as “King Andrew” and how he believed that the constitution didn’t apply to him. Politically, Jackson cared about the common man and a government ran by the people. An example of this is when he used his Veto power to Veto the charter for the Bank of...
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...We are all the victims of time; we spend our lives striving to leave our legacy in order to beat the vicious clock that controls our spot on this Earth. What can be defined as a legacy? Values, wealth, a personal memory? Each legacy someone leaves can be powerful in its own way and each legacy is different. William Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18 exemplifies how you are able to immortalize someone through the legacy of art. Ironically “To the Virgins” by Robert Herrick and “To His Coy Mistress” by Andrew Marvell both were written on the theme of Carpe Diem, about not fixating on the future but about “seizing the day”, yet evidently they have managed to leave a legacy as we still today discuss and analyze their works of art. Shakespeare captured in Sonnet 18 how someone is able to leave a legacy through art. The sonnet compares a boy to a summer’s day and describes him as “more lovely and more temperate” meaning that the youth’s beauty is more perfect and gentle than the beauty and violent excesses of a summer day. The poem then shifts and speaks about how “summer’s lease hath all too short a date” and that just like how the summer months are always too short and come to an end, the lease that this boy has on life has abruptly come to an end all too quickly as well. The next few lines “sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, / and often in his gold complexion dimmed, / and every fair from fair sometime declines,” illustrates that even though the sun shines, it is usually dimed by...
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...the vertical and horizontal integration systems. These systems are a type of monopoly where a business would buy all of the contributing factors in the making of their products or buy all of the retail sellers. As explained in “The Genesis of the United States Steel Corporation” by E. S. Meade, vertical integration is when a business would buy every part of the process in making the product. For example, steel industries would buy up all of the mines, to the steel billets and steel rails to minimize the cost of making the product. Horizontal integration is when a business would buy out all of the retail sellers so there would be no competition so they could make lower quality products and increase the price without worry of competition. Andrew Carnegie was the owner of the Carnegie Steel Company, the biggest steel company of the time, he used vertical integration to minimize his production costs. Meanwhile, John D. Rockefeller used the horizontal integration method for his Standard Oil Company to buy out all retail competition so he could increase his prices. Another factor to the growth of US industry was the rapidly growing nationwide railroad system developed and owned by Cornelius Vanderbilt, who monopolized the market. Because he was the only one, he was able to charge high...
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...Andrew Jackson’s effect in the American politics Andrew Jackson, the seventh president, is one of the most important and significant presidents in the history of the United States. As a vice-president and president (1824 to 1832) he reshaped and redirected the course of American expansion and democracy. Jackson believed the president is the direct representative of the people. He was the man of action and shrewd politician. He knew how to manipulate men and could be affable or abusive or abusive as the occasion demanded.(nation of nations, 2005 ) Andrew Jackson came to personify the new democratic culture. Through his forceful leadership he significantly expanded the powers of the presidency. Jackson threatened to use force against South Carolina when it tried to nullify the federal tariff using john c. Calhoun’s theory of nullification that is that a state convention could nullify a federal law. He vetoed a bill to recharter the second bank of the United States and destroyed the bank by removing its federal deposits. He called for legislation to remove native peoples west to of the Mississippi voiding treaties found legitimate by the Supreme Court during the winter months of 1835-36 to ensure the greatest suffering to these peoples. One quarter of the tribal people died in transit to Oklahoma during this move. Jacksonian era went through the deep and rapid changes. The revolution in markets brought both economic expansion and periodic depressions as its citizens competed...
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...James Monroe 01April 2013 Advanced Reading/Writing Outline – James Monroe I. Introduction a. Was the fifthpresident of the United States b. Purpose of the paper i. Early life and early political career ii. James Monroe’s presidencyachievements iii. Post-presidency iv. Time and place of death II. Early life and early political career a. Family b. Education and military service c. Early political career i. Virginia politics ii. Ambassador to France iii. Governor of Virginia iv. Secretary of State and Secretary of War III. James Monroe’spresidency achievements a. Presidential elections of 1816 and 1820 b. The Cumberland Road Bill c. Indigenous American policies d. Administration and Cabinet e. Foreign policy i. Monroe Doctrine ii. The acquisition of Florida IV. Post-presidency V. Thoughts on slavery VI. Time and place of death VII. Conclusion a. Early life and early political career b. James Monroe’s presidency achievements c. Post-presidency d. Time and place of death James Monroe is remembered for his victorious win to become the 5th president of America. His life both private and political was closely monitored and documented due to...
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...Innovation can truly come from anywhere. The story of Qualcomm begins, believe it or not, with a young and curious actress who hails from Vienna, Austria named Hedy Lamarr. The theory of what would be known as “spread-spectrum technology” was first born out of a key partnership with industrialist, Friedrich Mandl. Though she eventually went on to marry and subsequently, divorce Mandl, his obsession with warfare and arms sparked Lamrarr’s curiosity on warfare techniques. Specifically, she took an interest to the radio control of torpedoes and preventing the jamming of torpedoes. However, soon after Mandl’s involvement with the Nazi regime, Larmarr fled to the United States where she met and re-married to a man named George Antheil. His passion for music coupled with her passion for technology formed the knowledge base that music held the key to preventing a torpedo jam by using a radio frequency. The theory behind the aforementioned war tactic was simple. Specifically, “frequency hopping”, or jumping from frequency, was the technique used to evade jamming. Antheill’s knowledge of music was leveraged in such a way that hops between the sender to the receiver were synchronized—much like music composition. This theory was scalable to the varying degrees of secrecy and the maturity of the technologies that were eventually used. After refining their work, a patent was filed and later granted. It described how a torpedo could be guided by communication that “hopped” between various...
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...Emmott Why they impeached Andrew Johnson In the article “Why They Impeached Andrew Johnson” by David Donald, Donald states that Andrew Johnson was impeached due to his selfish and self-centered personality; also Andrew Johnson’s decisions were made to benefit him as a person and not the country. “President Andrew Johnson was called upon for positive leadership, and he did not meet the challenge. Andrew Johnson’s greatest weakness was his insensitivity to public opinion.” says David Donald explaining more of Andrew Johnson’s flaws. Then Donald goes into listing the differences between President Lincoln, who believed in taking the course of action that was held with agreement with public opinion and Andrew Johnson. Donald says that Andrew Johnson seemed not to realize the weakness of his position. He was the representative of no major interest and had no genuine political following. Basically thought the whole article David Donald list adjectives and reasons Andrew Johnson was not a good president and was impeached. David Donald also states that Andrew Johnson’s relationship with Congress was yet another one of the many reasons that Andrew Johnson was impeached. Andrew Johnson was a southern democrat who had no intentions of working with the northern republicans of congress, and one of the main issues was that Andrew Johnson was not going to continue working on the reconstruction that was started by Abraham Lincoln. Donald says that Andrew Johnson relationship with the...
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...renamed USX Corporation in 1986 and back to United States Steel Corporation in 2001 when the shareholders of USX spun off the oil & gas business of Marathon Oil and the steel business of U. S. Steel to shareholders. In 2001 it was still the largest domestically owned integrated steel producer in the United States, although it produced only slightly more steel than it did in 1902, after significant downsizing in the 1980s. U.S. Steel is a former Dow Jones Industrial Average component, listed from April 1, 1901 to May 3, 1991. It was removed under its USX Corporation name with Navistar International and Primerica. Formation J. P. Morgan and the attorney Elbert H. Gary founded U.S. Steel in 1901 (incorporated on February 25) by combining Andrew Carnegie's Carnegie Steel Company with Gary's Federal Steel Company and William Henry "Judge" Moore's National Steel Company for $492 million ($13.58 billion today). It was capitalized at $1.4 billion ($38.63 billion today), making it the world's first billion-dollar corporation. At one time, U.S. Steel was the largest steel producer and largest corporation in the world. In 1907 it bought its largest competitor, the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad Company, which was headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama. This led to Tennessee Coal's being replaced in the Dow Jones Industrial Average by the General Electric Company. The federal government attempted to use federal antitrust laws to break up U.S. Steel in 1911, but that effort ultimately failed...
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...Assignment 1.2 Arthur T. Plyler Jr. Dr. Black, Ph.D. Contemporary U.S. History August 10, 2014 Abstract In the short span of 55 years between 1865 and 1920 the Industrial Revolution brought vast expansion of big business and a change to the American people. Lad by Henry Ford’s assembly line industrial powers such as Carnegie, Huntington, and Rockefeller emerged and built their empires. Birthed from these industrial empires we witnessed the growth of legislation and laws that where susceptible to manipulation by the development of corrupt politics. With the surge in technology, growth of super powers, environmental issues, government legislation, or corrupt business practices or corrupt government the industrial revolution exploded in a time where change was needed to draw the American eye away from the deadly Civil War, which so many where still attached to, and focus on the theoretical idea “a better way of life”. The Industrial Revolution was sold to the American people with the false since that if you work hard you will acquire wealth. This lie to the populace was met with a flood of American and immigrant workers that swarmed to the workforce for low wages and unhealthy work environments. Imbedding this idea into the American workforce the Industrial Revolution spawned business power houses like Carnegie, Huntington, Ford, and Rockefeller. The Industrial Revolution also bestowed on us the corrupt business and political practices that shaped the laws and regulations...
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...In the wake of the Civil War, Congress acceded to pressure to have the federal government intercede to secure African Americans' rights. What were some of the long-range effects of that government posture? The Union Victory in the Civil War in 1865 granted freedom to approximately 4 million slaves, however, the process of rebuilding the South during the Reconstruction period 1865-1877 brought a lot of challenges. In 1865 and 1866 under the supervision of President Andrew Johnson, new Southern state legislatives passed the “black codes” to control the labor and behavior of former slaves and other African Americans. During the Radical Reconstruction in 1869, new enfranchised blacks had a voice in the government for the first time in American history, winning election southern state legislatives, including U.S. Congress. However, forces like Ku Klux Klan reversed changes brought by Radical Reconstruction in a violent reaction that restored white supremacy in the South. In 1865, President Andrew Johnson announced his plans for Reconstruction. According to him, the southern states had never given up their right to govern themselves, and the federal government had no right to determine voting requirements. Under Johnson’s Presidential Reconstruction, all lands that had been confiscated by Union Army would be reverted to their prewar owners. Due to Johnson’s leniency, many southern states in 1865 and 1866 successfully passed laws known as the “black codes,” which were designed...
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...Timeline Part I NOTE: Before starting the Timeline project please refer to the "Example Timeline Matrix" document. Instructions: Complete the matrix by providing the Time Period/Date(s) in column B, and the Description and Significance of the People/Event(s) to American History in column C. See complete instructions in the Syllabus for the Module 1 assignment entitled, “Timeline Part I.”NOTE: The timeline project does not need to be submitted to turnitin. NOTE:Please write your answers in a clear and concise manner. Limit your submission of the Timeline Part I up to 250 words per topic/subtopic. For example, if a topic is divided into 3 subtopics, you may write a maximum of 250 per subtopic listed. Be sure to cite all sources. Major Event/Epoch in American History | Time Period/Date(s) | Description and Significance of the People/Event(s) to American History | 1) Describe three different American Indian cultures prior to colonization. | 1200-1900 | The Anasazi, the Iroquois and the Algonkians all inhabited parts of the US prior to colonization. The Anasazi had much of the Southwest like Arizona and New Mexico. The Iroquois were very large and were actually divided into many different nations with different traditions and dialects. Lastly, the Algonkians were proficient in both hunting as well as other agricultural activities. | 2) The effects of British colonization on the Native Americans. | 17th Century | At first, the British were not a threat because they...
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