...Distributive Bargaining and Integrative Negotiation Using the strategies of distributive bargaining and the strategies of integrative negotiation, complete the matrices for the challenge provided. Think of two (2) situations in your professional environment or personal life that you would like to see a change in but know there is a lot of resistance to the change. Pretend you have been given an opportunity to negotiate for the change with the CEO of the company. Complete the table below and answer the proceeding questions. 1. Describe the two (2) scenarios you want to see changed. 2. Complete the tables. Table 2a. Strategy and Tactics of Distributive Bargaining DISTRIBUTIVE BARGAINING TACTICS AND STRATEGIES | | Identify the distributive bargaining strategy you will use for each scenario | Identify the tactical task you will use for each scenario | Identify the positions you think you would take during the negotiation | 1 | | | | 2 | | | | Table 2b. Strategy and Tactics of Integrative Negotiation INTEGRATIVE NEGOTIATION TACTICS AND STRATEGIES | | Identify the integrative negotiation process employed for each issue presented in 2a. | Identify the factors that can facilitate a successful integrative negotiation for scenario identified in 2a. | 1 | | | 2 | | | 1. Select one (1) of the scenarios and discuss why the approaches you have selected can lead to a successful negotiation outcome. Your stuff must follow...
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...Integrative Therapy Djnj1102 Behavioral science research is a large, multifaceted field, encompassing a wide array of disciplines. The field makes use of a variety of mechanical approaches including: surveys and questionnaires, interviews, randomized clinical trials, direct observation, and field experiments. In spite of the techniques used in the research related to behavioral science, it is not restricted to a set of disciplines or mechanical approaches. Instead, the field is defined by substantive areas of research that go beyond disciplinary and practical boundaries. In addition, several key cross-cutting themes characterize behavioral sciences research. These include: an emphasis on theory-driven research; the search for general principles of behavioral and social functioning; the importance ascribed to developmental, lifespan perspective; an emphasis on individual distinction, and distinction across socio-demographic categories such as gender, age, and socio-cultural status; and a focus on both the social and biological contexts of behavior. With the information that is gained from research one can select a therapeutic approach that would seem to be most helpful. While all therapeutic systems have some common goals, they each have differences in the route that is used to achieve them. Some therapies insist on direct and active part of the counselor, while others place value on the client being the one who is active. Some therapies place their attention on what the...
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...both parties agree to a solution. In negotiating, there are two forms and one can utilize integrative bargaining, which referred to as “win-win” bargaining or distributive bargaining as well known as “win-lose” bargaining. Negotiator knows that there are too many situational and monetary variables for a single strategy to work in this case and often times the negotiator needs to utilize both approaches to effectively conduct negotiations. In this paper I will provide and explain an appropriate approach what situation the negotiator would utilize the technique. Defining Integrative and Distributive Bargaining There are two common approaches to any negotiation situation: distributive and integrative. Each is useful in specific contexts, and the same negotiator may utilize either or both strategies depending upon their desired goal. The largest difference between the two styles is the circumstance in which they are used. Often when we negotiation a one-time situation or purchase we will utilize a distributive bargaining approach and try to gain the best price or outcome where “we” are the winner and those we are negotiating with are the “losers” In these situations we rarely interact with the opposing party on a regular or future basis and are seeking the best possible outcome for this specific negotiation without interest in building a long-term relationship. In contrast, an integrative bargaining situation occurs when it is possible to produce a greater outcome together than...
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...Negotiations Analysis Negotiation Analysis Paper Ivania Castaneda HR595- Keller School of Management March 2013 Introduction Buying a home is a complicated and time consuming process. The purchase of a home is just one of many examples of negotiations that happen in everyday life. It is one of the few places in life where some form of negotiation is the rule rather than the exception. Not all people are effective negotiators. It takes a keen understanding of the process in order to be good at it. This class has provided tools via the review of key concepts and methodology to allow even the not so adept negotiator to be better at negotiating. By informing yourself, preparing, and keeping an objective mind frame we can all use the tools taught in class to become more successful next time a negotiation situation arises. My paper will focus on integrative bargaining. Integrative bargaining (also called "interest-based bargaining," "win-win bargaining") is a negotiation strategy in which parties collaborate to find a "win-win" solution to their situation. This strategy focuses on developing mutually beneficial agreements based on the interests of both parties. This negotiation approach is important because it usually results in more of a positive outcome in contrast to distributive bargaining. The first step in integrative bargaining is identifying each side's interests. Although distributive bargaining is frequently seen as the opposite of integrative bargaining, the two...
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...to bargaining or negotiation that is used when the parties are trying to divide something up--distribute something. It contrasts with integrative bargaining in which the parties are trying to make more of something. This is most commonly explained in terms of a pie. Disputants can work together to make the pie bigger, so there is enough for both of them to have as much as they want, or they can focus on cutting the pie up, trying to get as much as they can for themselves. In general, integrative bargaining tends to be more cooperative, and distributive bargaining more competitive. Common tactics include trying to gain an advantage by insisting on negotiating on one's own home ground; having more negotiators than the other side, using tricks and deception to try to get the other side to concede more than you concede; making threats or issuing ultimatums; generally trying to force the other side to give in by overpowering them or outsmarting them, not by discussing the problem as an equal (as is done in integrative bargaining). The goal in distributive bargaining is not to assure both sides win, but rather that one side (your side) wins as much as it can, which generally means that the other side will lose, or at least get less than it had wanted. (Distributive bargaining tactics rarely assume the pie will divided in half.) Often these approaches to negotiation are framed as incompatible. Fisher, Ury, and Patton, authors of the negotiation best-seller Getting...
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...Negotiation Closing Deals, Settling Disputes, and Making Team Decisions David S. Hames University of Nevada, Las Vegas @>SAGE Los Angeles | London | New Delhi Singapore | Washington DC • •-*» •• • i ' w ' t * • * 5s" i- . •> - • • y . » " •• is • Acknowledgments Preface PART I: THE FUNDAMENTALS 1 The Nature of Negotiation: What It Is and Why It Matters Intended Benefits of This Chapter The Essence of Negotiation What Is Negotiation? 5 6 6 When Do People Negotiate? Technology 6 4 3 xvii xix 1 3 Why Has Negotiation Become a More Important Skill? The Workplace 7 8 9 10 11 How People Negotiate: The Dual Concerns Model The Pros and Cons of Negotiating The Shadow Negotiation 10 What Does a Negotiation Look Like? Conclusion and Implications for Practice READING 1.1 - ONLINE DISPUTE RESOLUTION: DO YOU KNOW WHERE YOUR CHILDREN ARE?, 8Y DAVID A . LARSON 1 3 19 READING 1.2 - BALANCING ACT: HOW TO MANAGE NEGOTIATION TENSIONS, BY SUSAN HACKLEY Preparation: Building the Foundation for Negotiating Intended Benefits of This Chapter The Essence of Preparation 23 23 23 The Preparation Process, or How to Make I t All Happen Strategic Planning: Establishing the Framework Defining the Situation Setting Goals 29 30 25 25 25 Determining Your Strategy Strategy Implementation: Operationalizing the Plan 30 The Component Parts of the Situation 30 Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement (BATNA) Reservation Prices or...
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...3.2 NEGOTIATION STYLES AND STRATEGIES 3.2.1 Distributive Strategy – Distributive bargaining, also known as positional bargaining, or negotiation win-lose, is a type or style of negotiation in which parties compete for the distribution of a fixed amount of value. Distributive bargaining is more competitive. The goal in distributive bargaining is not to assure both sides win, but rather that one side wins as much as it can, which generally means that the other side will lose, or at least get less than it had wanted. The strategy is not suited for the negotiation since Zenur will have some points to consider at the negotiation. And with this approach Levon may end up losing the deal. (International Online Training Program On Intractable Conflict, 1998) 3.2.2 Integrative Strategy - Integrative strategy tends to be more cooperative. It is also known as “Win/Win" or the collaboration style, firstly put forward by Nierenberg(1968)with the philosophy that all the parties should gain benefit from the negotiation process, as this produces more successful outcomes than the adversial ‘winner takes all’ approach. . It is about making sure both parties have their needs or goals met, while creating as much mutual value as time and resources allow.URYet al.(1991) further developed a concept of a win-win approach as principled negotiation ,where the goal is to reach a lasting agreement ,rather than the win –lose traditional scenario ,the steps in the process comprises of : the creating...
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...International Negotiation – Session 1 Brainstorm on Negotiation: * Communication * Compromise * Stress * Time * Outcome (the problem with it is that it’s difficult to predict.) * Expectations * Conditions * Terms * Culture * Threats * Promise * Context * Bribery * Convincing * Cooperation * Gender * Actors * Gender * Competition * Listening * Understanding * Trust * Preparation * Relationship * Short-term * Long-term * Debate * Stakes (en jeux) * Expertise * Power * Patience * Confidence * Flexibily * Credibility * Capacity to find solutions * Sensibility Negotiation defined = negotiation’ is a joint decision making process through which the parties accommodate their conflicting interest into a mutually acceptable settlement. Problem #1: joint decision-making process. Is not uni-natural, not you in your own, its you and your counter parts. Problem #2: conflicting interest: do we need a conflict when negotiating. We need a conflicting interest for a negotiating process. Sometimes people bring more conflicting issue into the table than the one in account. The problem with the interest is the evaluation with the interest; people will consider the conflict with getting out of it what they need. Your interests are different form the counter parts’. Problem #3: mutually acceptable settlement: what is the better possible...
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...1. Negotiation Trap: I must analyze what type of bargainer I am. Identifying my type helps me avoid fall into the negotiation trap. 2. BATNA: I must analyze what my BATNA is. This is my reference for the negotiation. 3. Focus on Interest: I will approach the negotiation with a focus on interest of the other party. Identifying the possible interest of other party involved in negotiation will help me analyze the possible ways of expanding the pie (creating more value). 4. Integrative Bargaining: Focus more on Integrative bargaining. Analyze multiple issues and interest, creating and claiming value and cooperative problem solving. Consider possible trade-offs to avoid conflicts and have a win-win situation. 5. Bargaining Zone: I must analyze my bargaining Zone. The zone where the buyer’s and supplier’s negotiation ranges overlaps. 6. Reservation Price: I have to write down my reservation price. This determines when to expand the pie create more value and when to walk away from negotiation. 7. Identify the power in negotiation: Identify exactly the type power in negotiation and analyze the persuasive skills required to move from perceived power to realized power. 8. After striking with the initial deal, I will have to keep my options open for re-anchoring. Negotiation Trap: * Identifying the type of bargainer helps to identify the potential traps. * Soft bargainers agree on deals worse than the BATNA and they fail to achieve best...
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...365 – Managerial Negotiations Professor Richardson Exam Review Exam Layout * Covers Chapters 1 – 10 * 34 multiple choice (worth 2.5 points each = 85 points) * 2 short answer/essays (worth 10 and 5 points each = 15 points) Overview: The exam will cover material from the chapters and class lectures. Use your notes and the class slides as a guide. To further direct your studies, here are some key terms and concepts from each chapter on which to focus. Chapter 1 What are the characteristics of negations? Why do negotiations occur? What are the different types of negotiations? What are the dilemmas associated with negotiating? What is mutual adjustment? What is the dual concerns model with regard to concern for outcomes? Chapter 2 How would you describe distributive bargaining? What is BATNA? What are some examples of hardball tactics? Chapter 3 How would you describe integrative negotiation? What are interests? How do you facilitate integrative negotiation? Chapter 4 What is the difference between strategy and tactics? What is the dual concerns model with regard to substantive vs. relationship outcomes? What does planning involve? Negotiating Style and Individual Differences (Readings 4.1 and 4.2) What are some differences between male and female negotiators? Chapter 5 What are some common perceptual distortions that that may affect negotiations? What are some common perceptual biases that may affect negotiations? How do emotions...
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...Negotiation techniques- types of negotiations Distributive negotiations are negotiations that usually take place between people or companies that have not done business before and it is usually a one-time deal and one person is going to get a better deal than the other. This kind of negotiation could include selling a car or a house or buying something and bargaining the prize down. In this type of negotiations each person has their own interest at heart and tries to get the best deal possible and is not thinking about the other person and since this is a one-time deal with a stranger the way the other person sees him does not really matter. When you enter into a distributive negotiation it is important to try to make the other person make the first offer and then you can counter offer, also not to give out any information that could help the other person get leverage over you and therefor get the better deal. Integrative negotiations are negotiations that take place between one or more individuals and/or company’s. It usually involves dealing with many issues instead of just one like in distributive negotiations. In these kinds of negotiations everyone is going to benefit from the deal and the people involved try to find a solution that will be good for everyone, of course one can have more strength and therefor walk away with the better end of the deal but the purpose of this negotiation is to find mutual grounds that they all can agree on. These kinds of negotiations could...
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...BIGGER PAN; THE FORCES BEHIND INTEGRATIVE BARGAINING By Joseph Brick 1 ABSTRACT Integrative bargaining is a highly effective means of negotiating an agreement. However, it is also an underutilized method. Although there has been a recent focus on the topic in the past thirty years, the factors which deem it beneficial are still little understood. What this paper attempts to set forth is an explanation of why integrative bargaining is a successful and desirable method of negotiating. With a better understanding of why integrative bargaining is effective, negotiators may be better able to utilize this method to its full potential. This paper culminates with a suggestion on how to best exploit this new understanding. Research up to this point has suggested that integrative bargaining is desirable due to the increasing the pie rationale. The contention set forth in this paper is that there are alternative factors driving integrative bargaining. Exploration of this theory begins with an analysis of whether integrative bargaining is driven by the interjection of equity principals into what was traditionally a law driven enterprise, that of negotiation. It is argued that the stability of contract which results from an earlier application of equitable principals in the negotiating process is just as crucial to integrative bargaining as the desire to increase the pie. With this conclusion, it becomes apparent that solutions which encourage integrative bargaining will result in more...
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...Negotiation Strategies Paper Michael-Paul Battle MGT/445 April 28, 2011 Rodney Cooper Negotiation Strategies Paper Winston Churchill once said, “However beautiful the strategy, one should occasionally look at the end results.” Although this is implied toward war, one can apply it to the art of negotiating. Negotiators use different tactics and strategies when trying to achieve a desired result. To understand how strategies in negotiating affect the outcome of the results, two articles that employ different negotiation strategies are reviewed and discussed. The discussion includes the negotiation processes used in the selected articles, a comparison and contrast between two strategies, and how those strategies can be applied to MHMG Cardiology Southwest. Negotiation Strategies Integrative Many people would agree trust is earned. When a negotiator is looking to earn trust during a deal, they are building a relationship with the other party in hope of continuing to do business later down the line. Building a relationship is one aspect of integrative negotiation-a process often seen as ‘win-win’ situations involving two or more issues to be negotiated (Negotiation Experts, 1996-2010). One example of integrative negotiation is the negotiation that took place between a Navy contractor and a shipyard in Greece. Because of political differences, the shipyard had not done work on U.S. Naval ships over two years (Wengrowski, 2004). The ship in question received critical...
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...different ways Green could have respondeded. Which style might you suggest Green use instead – why? 4. Which conflict handling style best describe Donna Dubinsky’s approach when 1) the JIT idea first surfaced and during 2) the task force meetings? How effective were these styles at each of these points? Defend your points. What other approach (es) might you suggest for Donna at each of these points in the case? 5. You received what you consider to be a great offer for the car you are selling. Should you accept this first offer from the potential buyer? Demonstrate your knowledge of the psychology surrounding the question of whether or not you should accept first offers and related issues. 6. The “blue buggy” negotiation was a distributive negotiation with a negative bargaining zone/Zone of Possible Agreement. What does that mean for the...
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...CONFLICT T he success or failure of any organization is dependent upon the use of its indigenous, collective energies. When procedures are clear, the "esprit de corps" is high, and the business is said to be productive. But whenever people come together in one setting over a period of time, you can always expect conflict to find itself in the midst. The Webster’s dictionary defines conflict as a sharp disagreement or opposition of interests or ideas but from a more objective perspective, conflict is “a state in which one party perceive that another party has, or is about to negatively impact something that is important to the first party” (Robbins, 2006). The key word to note in this definition is “perceives”. Perceive is a concept that occurs within the mind. It is one’s interpretation of a situation or thing and does not necessarily have to be true. That might explain why on many occasions, a conflict that arises; may be unnecessary or misguided and result in wasted time. Causes of Conflict A s you may discern, the causes of conflict are numerous and each has their own accompanying challenges. Within the organization however, C. Brooklyn Derr in his book Major Causes of Organizational Conflict: Diagnosis for Action, stated that there are six (6) main causes of conflict: 1) The interpersonal disagreements that arise when one person is experiencing individual stress. People bring their whole selves to the workplace and they may...
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