...Phase 3 Individual Project MGM316-1304B-05 Professor Okendu By Mia Rose December 11, 2013 When conducting business with foreign countries it is important to be knowledgeable in many aspects of that country. There are many differences between foreign countries and the United States when it comes to dealings with business transactions. For example business partners within the United States tends to lean towards an interpersonal level and having other form of relationship outside is frowned upon. In Asian countries businesses will not even begin negotiating until a relationship is built and there is a level of trust. The use of a middle man can be helpful when negotiating in order to gain an understanding of the background information of the foreign negotiators. Aside from the importance of etiquette and social customs it is important to know the negotiating tactics employed. When doing business with China, Japan, and South Korea it is important to know the differences between each individual country. While they are all Asian countries and there are many similarities in etiquette there are many differences when dealing with negotiations. Before negotiations starts one must be conscientious of attitudes and styles, the sharing of information, pace of negotiations, and bargaining. China and South Korea share the attitude and style of distributive and contingency, while Japan is more cooperative. The Japanese see “negotiating as joint problem solving”. (Lothar...
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...Abstract Intercultural communications is often marked by the impact of cultural differences on communication, commonly resulting in miscommunication or misunderstanding. This paper examines the challenges influencing intercultural communications between the Japanese and the Americans. In its conclusion, it emphasizes on the sensitivity to the mentioned cultural differences in order to create harmony and understanding amongst people with different ethnic backgrounds. Intercultural Communications between the United States and Japan Introduction According to Dima (1990), intercultural communication refers to the exchange of ideas between people belonging to different cultures, in spite of them using the same language. Intercultural communication plays an important role, in that cultural differences can often lead to miscommunication and misunderstanding. This is increasingly becoming important in today’s multicultural society such as in the US (Inoue, 2007). What are the common challenges of intercultural communications between America and Japan? How do cultural differences play part in shaping the Japan-American intercultural communication? As defined by Peace (2002), culture is a "system of beliefs, values, and assumptions about life that guides behavior and is shared by a group of people; and these are transmitted from generation to generation, rarely with explicit instructions," (p.14). There are a variety of cultures that...
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...Intercultural Communication, stereotyping, perception, and verbal communication play a huge role in the characteristics of the movie “Crash.” When Paul Haggis directed this film he did a fantastic job of showing how individuals from different cultures, and countries, sometimes interact with each other in society. It goes into great depth to link the problems and situations in the characters’ lives in the setting of the movie making sure they are involved with each other in some way. Intercultural Communication is defined as “an act that involves interaction between people whose cultural perceptions and symbol systems are distinct enough to alter the communication event.” The text explains that the importance of Intercultural Communications have grown in the United States over the years. In the U.S it is made up of many people and demographic shifts. The increasing number of Asians, Latinos, and Eastern Europeans immigrate here to make their homes. When this takes place these individuals bring their cultural values, and styles of communicating. (Wood, pg. 79) When “Crash” starts the first scene is a car accident that takes place at an active crime scene where an Asian woman hits Detective Graham and Ria from behind at a stop light. Language barriers are almost immediately known as they begin to argue over who was at fault. While they both speak English the Asian lady simply uses what she feels is direct communication in stating that “She break to fast” and “Mexicans don’t...
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...Interview Paper Throughout the course, you will be exploring various aspects of culture and intercultural communications. Your final assignment in this course will be to conduct an extensive oral history interview with a person who is somewhat older than you and from a culture or subgroup that you are not a member of. This person can be a relative or acquaintance who is from a different generation. It can be someone who immigrated to this country either recently or some time ago. Or, it can be someone who belongs to a different subgroup from you and whose cultural experiences you believe would be very different from your own. Obtain permission from the person you are interviewing to record the conversation (either an audio or a video and audio recording) or to take handwritten notes during the interview. Your overarching goals during the oral history interview are as follows: 1. To learn more about the culture and subcultures to which your interview subject belongs. 2. To determine what issues they encountered in terms of intercultural communications. 3. To relate concepts you have studied in this course to the experiences of this person. After you have conducted the interview, review your recording or your notes and write a six- to eight-page paper (excluding a title page and a reference page), in which you discuss aspects of this person's culture and/or subcultures and communication issues related to his or her cultural identity. In the paper, you must also include the following: ...
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...Introduction – 100 words DEFINITION OF CULTURE IMPORTANCE/ABOUT A CULTURAL SELF-ASSESSMENT This report offers an outline of my cultural identity, particularly on the topics of my profile; key structural forces such as my family; my world views; and the various persona, rational, communal, gender and ethnic identities that combine to make me who I am. Furthermore, this report highlights relevant literature pertinent intercultural communications and in support of my cultural identity, and critically summarises the main findings. To begin, I am a 26-year-old female, nvestigate and describe your own cultural identity. Describe your profile - Age group Gender Class Ethnic background Deep Structures (family context) – 500 words In this section you need to discuss how your cultural identity has been shaped by key structural forces such as your own family. For most people, family is one of the strongest forces of cultural identify. Try to identify how specific family members have influenced your identity. In doing so you need to discuss how your family functions in terms of: Gender roles Individualism and collectivism Age groupings Social skills, traditions and customs Rather than just describing your family, you need to discuss your ideas about the role of family in society and how families function in terms of perpetuating beliefs. In this respect, some of the most interesting discussion will come from instances where people might disagree with their family’s...
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...addition to point of reference intended for philosophy, emotion and measures, and therefore is determinant for actions along with insight. Cultural patterns are taught as well as accepted alongside the means of interaction throughout the course of communication. American culture versus German culture by distinction, underlines mutually the private and the commerce facets. They are more outgoing persons opposed to the Germans in addition to their main objective, when they talk, is to be admired as well as publicly accepted. Germans are usually more straightforward in opposition to Americans, particularly when details are to be revealed, denigration is to be put into effect in addition to directives are to be specified. The literary standard in which Germans and Americans diverge broadly has to do with approaches toward indecision along with peril. Despite the language barriers, compensation, cultural differences, and accents, human resources from Mercedes Benz headquarters in Stuttgart, Germany most keep in those there luxury cars are a huge commodity in America. How does communication play a role in each culture? During this era of globalization, the global village in addition to the web, the characteristic of intercultural communication develops into significance. Citizens have the option to voyage across countries; undergraduates are extremely suggested to exceed a placement in an overseas nation furthermore superior businesses will endure with no introduction to their goods...
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...their individualities show. Such as not hesitating to ask someone from another culture about their culture's etiquette practices - their knowledge could prove useful to the company’s business.. An employee's worth comes from more than his ethnicity or age etc,. Diversity Training is a good idea according to David Ingram, “Diversity Training Include diversity training as part of new-hire training programs or advanced training programs for managers.” Also “Diversity education programs can help employees to recognize prejudices and cultural assumptions in their own minds, while teaching them skills to respectfully seek to understand other cultures they come in contact with. Diversity training can also teach employees effective intercultural communication skills, as well, helping them to speak clearly with and fully understand co-workers who speak English as a second or third language.” Also there is five ways to discovery and recognize the talent culture according to Forbes, first , Stop a minute and think about that last one: your employees are unhappy. And a big part of your job is keeping employees engaged, productive and happy. This is when you realize you do have a...
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...Nathaniel N. Gonzales GE - 2241 Tips For Effective Global Communication Global communication is a major concern of every International business. The success of every International business depends on the effectiveness of the Communication. It is a well known fact that International businesses need communication with people of different cultures. Apart from the language differences, they need to focus on social attributes, attitudes and thought patterns of different cultures. All these communication terminologies are collectively known as intercultural communication. This Intercultural communication is the base for any International business and hence it has to be made effective. Just keep reading on the article to see the 3 most wanted tips for effective Intercultural communication. 1. Intercultural Communication - Not all about Language Many people have a misconception about Intercultural communication that, it is all about managing a different language. The true fact is that language is just a part of Intercultural communication. Intercultural communication is about understanding different cultures, languages and customs in a particular country. For example, if you are an American, traveling to India, you should be able to cope up with the Indian culture along with understanding the language in India. You should also make an approach to learn their culture which will induce a positive relationship with the host. Learning the culture of a Country is not that...
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... Flaherty, Newell D. Wright, Robert M. McMillen (2009) Student Intercultural Proficiency From Study Abroad Programs, Journal of Marketing Education Statement of the Problem The problem, which is related to study abroad programs (SAPs), is clearly stated in the article’s introduction. The problem stated is “that a deficiency exists, within marketing education, of empirical evidence on the explicit impact of SAPs on student attitudes and behavior. In particular, empirical evidence is absent which specifies the characteristics of intercultural growth that are an outcome of SAP” (Clarke, Flaherty, Newell, McMillen, 2009, p. 174). Purpose Statement The purpose is directly stated in the article as follows, “this study… attempts to extend the marketing education literature by empirically investigating the specific intercultural proficiencies that may advance while students study abroad” (Clarke III, et. al. 2009 p. 174). The purpose then specifically addresses the benefits for marketing educators from “expanded knowledge on the possible outcomes of a SAP” (p. 174). Background & Importance/Significance (literature review) In this study, the literature review serves three purposes. First, it defines the specific intercultural proficiencies that are likely to advance from the study abroad experience: intercultural proficiency, global mindedness, intercultural communication, openness to diversity, and intercultural sensitivity (Clarke III, et. al. 2009). Second, the review discusses...
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...| |Intercultural Communication | Copyright © 2010, 2009, 2004 by University of Phoenix. All rights reserved. Course Description The purpose of this course is to assist students in understanding and applying the principles of effective intercultural communication in a diverse society and in global commerce. Students will develop an understanding of why and how cultural issues influence effective communication. This course introduces techniques for improving written, oral, and interpersonal communication skills in response to intercultural settings. Policies Faculty and students/learners will be held responsible for understanding and adhering to all policies contained within the following two documents: • University policies: You must be logged into the student website to view this document. • Instructor policies: This document is posted in the Course Materials forum. University policies are subject to change. Be sure to read the policies at the beginning of each class. Policies may be slightly different depending on the modality in which you attend class. If you have recently changed modalities, read the policies governing your current class modality. Course Materials Lustig, M. W. & Koester, J. (2010). Intercultural competence: Interpersonal communication across cultures...
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...uk/fac/cross_fac/globalpeople/resourcebank/researchpapers Achieving Mutual Understanding for Effective Intercultural Management Helen Spencer-Oatey Centre for Applied Linguistics, University of Warwick WORKING PAPER Abstract Purpose – To introduce an approach to managing intercultural communication that is effective for achieving mutual understanding among people in culturally complex situations. Design/methodology/approach – The paper takes a ‘meaning negotiation’ approach to the intercultural communication process. It argues against a generalised ‘differences/adaptation’ approach, and maintains that people need to interact in contextually sensitive ways. Findings – The paper outlines a set of strategies that can help people in intercultural interaction contexts negotiate and agree the messages they are trying to convey. It draws them together into a conceptual framework of intercultural communication competencies. Research limitations/implications – The paper only focuses on the communication of messages, not the use of language to manage relationships. It also does not attempt to suggest practical techniques for helping managers and their staff develop competence in using the strategies. Practical implications – Since mutual understanding is achieved through meaning negotiation, it is important for managers and their staff to know how this takes place and to develop a communication strategy for implementing it. Social implications – Without adequate mutual understanding, people may...
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...One of the issues in communication theory is the importance of purpose in communicating your ideas. In order to communicate effectively in English speaking culture you need to have purpose. This means that you need to be clear about your reason for communicating and organise the message to achieve your purpose. Usage of communication channels to the best advantage. For example are you communicating via email or more formal written channels, over the telephone, or face to face? And recognise that your non-verbal communication may be contradicting what you are actually saying, and finally give your receivers the opportunity to respond, so that you can see whether they have understood your message. Cross-cultural communication tries to bring together such a relatively unrelated areas and establishment area of communication. Its core is to establish and understand how people from different cultures communicate with each other. Its aim is to produce some guidelines with which people from different cultures can better communicate with each other. The key to effective cross-cultural communication is knowledge. It is essential that people understand the potential problems of cross-cultural communication and make a conscious effort to overcome these problems. And it is important to assume that one’s efforts will not always be successful, and adjust one’s behaviour appropriately. This essay will discuss the importance of the issues and problems concerning the effectiveness of cross-cultural...
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...10 Incorporating Cross-cultural Communication in ELT: A Pedagogical Approach ■ Y. Suneetha Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering & Technology, Nandyal G.M. Sundaravalli Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupathi ABSTRACT: Cross-cultural communication has become ever more significant through the globalization of markets, affairs of nation-states and technologies. Consequently, the cultural quotient (CQ) is becoming increasingly important, especially in the context of the changing dynamics of work culture around the world. This paper makes a case for the need to pay attention to intercultural communication and discusses some specific approaches and strategies in the teaching of intercultural communication in the classroom. These approaches include addressing issues like learning to honour one’s own culture and sharing it with others while developing a capacity to be open to other cultures. Other strategies include progressing from an ethnocentric to an ethno-relative state of understanding and acceptance of cultural differences and increasing one’s ability to communicate with non-native speakers. Specifically, classroom practices and strategies suggested include intercultural explorations, use of texts, films, short stories and other multi-media resources, contrastive case studies of cultures, group encounters and role plays. Introduction Sir Francis Bacon said that if a man was gracious and courteous to strangers, it showed that he was a citizen of the world, and...
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...INTERCULTURAL BUSINESS COMMUNICATION Introduction Due to globalisation and the rapid development of multinational firms, intercultural communication poses new challenges to the managers. In specific, the companies who extended their businesses in foreign countries faced the cross-cultural communication problem, where greater the cultural difference is more likely problem in communication. In order to achieve the goal of the organisation by the way of communicating with each other, it is an important approach for the organisation success, especially for firms that operate with subsidiaries in other countries. However, it is imperative to understand the diverse culture in an efficient way of cross-cultural communication to achieve the firm success (Bennis & Nannis, 1985; Erez, 1992; Chaney & Martin, 2011). More importantly, managers have the ability to understand the reasons at the back of action of business partners and attempt to point out ways to adjust the communication in an efficient manner. As stated by Hofstede (1997, p.4), culture is a mindset that influences directly the people’s way of behaviour and thinking. Business Case The present report critically analyse the real business situations of how international clients behave, in this case the behaviour of Swedish and Chinese staff. The scenario in this case is to identify the misunderstandings between the participants involved regarding their business, intercultural and communication strategies. In addition...
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...Journal of International and Intercultural Communication Vol. 4, No. 4, November 2011, pp. 246Á251 (Re)conceptualizing Intercultural Communication in a Networked Society Damien Smith Pfister & Jordan Soliz We offer four theses about how intercultural communication is altered in a digitally networked era. Digital media shape intercultural communication by (1) producing new public fora capable of (2) hosting rich, multimodal ‘‘spaces’’ of contact on (3) a scale of many-to-many communication that (4) challenges traditional modes of representation. Keywords: Digital Media; Intercultural Communication; 2009 Iran Protests; Networked Communication As internetworked media technologies gradually diffused throughout the world, they have often been sparks for intercultural dialogue. Internet websites enabled web-savvy organizations, like the Zapatista Army of National Liberation, to circulate their views throughout the 1990s. The power of citizens to communicate directly with each other through digital media was not fully apparent until late 2002, when the pseudonymous Salam Pax began reporting through his blog what life was like for Iraqis in the run-up to the 2003 combat operations. Since then, citizens have relied on the tools of digital media to coordinate protests internally and communicate with outside audiences in a number of colorful revolutions: Rose (Georgia, 2003), Orange (Ukraine, 2004Á2005), Saffron (Burma, 2007), Green (Iran, 2009), and Jasmine (Tunisia...
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