...3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page i International Human Resource Management 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page ii 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page iii second edition International Human Resource Management edited by A n n e - Wi l H a r z i n g J o r i s Va n R u y s s e v e l d t SAGE Publications London l Thousand Oaks l New Delhi 3122-prelims.qxd 10/29/03 2:20 PM Page iv © Anne-Wil Harzing and Joris van Ruysseveldt, 2004 First published 2004 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988, this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form, or by any means, only with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. SAGE Publications Ltd 1 Olivers Yard London EC1Y 1SP SAGE Publications Inc 2455 Teller Road Thousand Oaks, California 91320 SAGE Publications India Pvt Ltd B-42, Panchsheel Enclave Post Box 4109 New Delhi 100 017 British Library Cataloguing in Publication data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 7619 4039 1 ISBN 0 7619 4040 5 (pbk) Library of Congress Control Number...
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...Country Analysis: Switzerland The business world evolves constantly. Today’s companies are not looking to overtake the market in their home towns; they are working towards global domination. When a company decides to push their business into the International market they have an immense task on hand. One can’t visit a foreign country and say to themselves “this looks like a nice place to sell my product, let’s set up shop.” There are many aspects of a country that a business needs to look into before diving to their demise in an unknown land. Switzerland is a country with a legacy of beauty, immaculate knives and watches, and a banking industry that no one trusts more. One may think that a country is a country and there is nothing more to it. If something sells in just one store it is bound to be the next best thing country wide. This is a huge misconception, and a naïve way to do business. There are 26 separate cantons within Switzerland, with numerous separate economies, and what one may like, their neighbor may despise. As of July 2006, the Swiss population was estimated to be 7,523,934, with 68.1% being between the ages of 15 and 64 (Internationalist). All of which have different tastes, cultures, norms, and to say the least, speak a dialect of the five languages that inhabit the country. For the most part the population makes a similar salary as those in the United States. For example a person in an apprenticeship position has a salary between...
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...Team B American International Group (AIG) Analysis Mario Diaz MGT/521 September 22, 2014 Dr. Deb Lawton University of Phoenix Team B American International Group (AIG) Analysis Divisional structure efficiency review. Due to several changes within the company and with personnel, the current structure of our team has become inefficient in matters of operational needs and organizational direction. A proposal to make some changes at our divisional level has been recommended and the organizational structure within this division will be revamped in order to meet with current company goals as well as industry and consumer needs. Why is restructure needed? As it has become widely known, the Government bailout program which AIG was a recipient of an $82 billion loan, has had a significant effect on consumer confidence in our company. Top that with ill-advised bonus packages being provided to AIG executives and partners, really put AIG in the targets of consumer watchdogs and government committees. This was a low-time for AIG and since then we have made changes for the better and started to gain both consumer and government confidence in the direction that AIG has begun to take. AIG has begun to gain consumer confidence as it has again become a global leader in the insurance industry. This is evident because according to American International Group (2014), AIG generated, “$67,497,000,000 as of the end of calendar year 2013, and currently it has approximately 64,000...
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...INTERNATIONAL ENTRY AND COUNTRY ANALYSIS A Lecture Programme delivered at the Technical University of Košice Andrew Harrison Formerly of Teesside University, United Kingdom December 20112 Andrew Harrison’s Brief Biography Andrew Harrison was a Principal Lecturer and Subject Group Leader in economics at Teesside University until August 2010 and has been a visiting lecturer at the Technical University of Košice since April 1993. He has also been a visiting lecturer in Germany, Ukraine and Singapore. Since leaving the full-time staff of Teesside University, he has continued to work as an occasional lecturer and as an external examiner at two other UK universities. He holds qualifications from London, Salford and Leeds Universities and Trinity College of Music, London. In April 2008, he was awarded the degree of Doctor Honoris Causa by the Technical University of Košice. He is married to Heather and has two grown-up children, David and Rachel. In his spare time he is a keen amateur pianist and organist. Brief Course Description International business activity is one of the key features of the contemporary global economy. The decision to venture abroad involves the evaluation of alternative entry modes, bearing in mind the degree of risk and the suitability of the business environment in a potential host country or region. Political, economic, cultural and other factors are all of vital importance. This short course aims to explore these issues in the light of current research and...
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...Through the help of the Comprehensive Economic Trade Agreement (CETA) and the Free Trade Agreement (FTA), Canada and the European Union have established an agreement that will further help the trade deals and investment ties between Canada and the European Union. Opening up the trade with CETA will eliminate 98% tariffs between both countries. This means Canada and the European Union will be able to import and export goods to each other at a more frequent and cheaper rate as well as opening up the market for more sales/trade opportunities. This deal will supposable outdo the North American Free Trade agreement that involved Canada, the United States and Mexico if approved by the European Union Parliament. In the article “Canada, EU agree on FTA” written by Jacqui Fatka, summarizes what will take place in the finalization of the agreement after approved by both government parties. It also discusses how the approach of this agreement will have an effect on the small local Canadian cheese- makers. The beef produces expressed their voice in support of the agreement for more growth potential, as well as an increase in the pork industry for exporting more different cuts of meat. The Barley Council of Canada chair Brian Otto expressed a few words about CETA and how this agreement was a good opportunity for Canada to obtain a profitable increase. He also stated it was the appropriate time for this to help benefit the Canadian Barley chain. Overall numbers were also talked about to demonstrate...
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...Canadian-International Business Performance Analysis Andleeb.Waizi(1110348) University Canada West Professor: Raghabendra Gosh Hajra BUSI321 05/10/2014 Canadian-International Business Performance Analysis Canada’s prosperity is engaged to economic opportunities beyond its borders. Therefore, Canadian government has worked well to reinforce and develop Canada’s trade relationship internationally to promote a business environment. This relationship will give Canada a competitive advantage in large and rapid growing economies by attracting overseas investment and diversifying the Canadian trade portfolio. In such efforts, the government has launched the most determined trade plan in Canadian history; only in just seven years, Canada has executed free trade agreements with nine countries and is in conciliation with thirty more. In addition, Canada has publicized a significant agreement-in-principle with the 28-nation European Union which will open the trade markets in the EU and Canada. Canada always values the strength of multilateral trading system and support trade liberalization and share membership in many multilateral economic organizations. These organisations include: the G-20, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the World Trade Organization (WTO). The key drivers that foster the growth of world economies up to 52% over the last decade are: fallen barriers to trade, investment opportunities...
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...DOHA ROUNDInternational Economic Analysis | SEMESTER 2, 2012 – CASE STUDY | | | I Executive Summary This report briefly assesses the World Trade Organisation (WTO), and in particular, the Doha Round, which has been the longest running trade liberalization round in the history of the GATT/WTO era. Launching in November, 2001 in the wake on the September 11 Terrorist attacks on the USA, it had the explicit aim to conclude a broad deal to facilitate development through trade and thereby better integrate the more disadvantaged into the global economy. The conclusion of the Doha Round however has been much harder to conclude than any other trade round in the history of the WTO for many reasons that will be highlighted below. Table of Contents I Executive Summary 1 II Introduction 3 III The World Trade Organisation 3 IV Other Rounds of the World Trade Organisation 3 V The Doha Round 4 Negotiations: geographical indications —multilateral register for wines and spirits 4 TRIPS, biological diversity and traditional knowledge (Doha paragraph 19) 4 Geographical indications — ‘extension’ 4 VI Problems With Concluding the Doha Round 4 The Single Undertaking Method: 5 Changed Geopolitical Situations: 5 Trade Liberalisation and Non-agricultural Market access (NAMA): 5 Agriculture: 5 VII Conclusion 6 VIII References 6 II Introduction The effort to launch a new round of multilateral trade negotiations in the late 1990s was turbulent...
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...Analysis of the Denver International Airport baggage system Michael Schloh Dan Stearns, advisor Title Abstract Contents Introduction Reasons For Automation Functionality Of Original BAE Design Problems and Solutions System Complexity Comparative Functionality Opening Delays Financial Hardship Summary Glossary References THE DENVER INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT AUTOMATED BAGGAGE HANDLING SYSTEM by Michael Schloh Computer Science Department School of Engineering California Polytechnic State University 1996 Date Submitted: February 16, 1996 Advisor: Daniel Stearns ABSTRACT This document discusses events at the new Denver International Airport that resulted in opening delays of the airport. The scope is limited to the automated baggage handling system, which was the primary source of failure warranting the airport's several opening delays. Analysis of the failing system is comprehensive. Research is conducted using a variety of sources. The final report is published on the worldwide web. CONTENTS Introduction 1 Reasons For Automation 2 Functionality Of Original BAE Design 3 Problems and Solutions 6 System Complexity 12 Comparative Functionality 14 Opening Delays 15 Financial Hardship 17 Summary 19 Glossary 20 References 21 INTRODUCTION This research concerns the automated baggage handling system which was built by BAE Automated Systems, Incorporated of Carrollton, Texas for the Denver International Airport. The analysis of this system provides an important topic of study. From the baggage...
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...International Analysis of Walmart 8/11/2013 International Operations Walmart is a Multinational Entity (MNE) that has 10,800 stores in 27 countries. The countries of China, Japan, India, UK, Nigeria, Ghana, South Africa, Uganda, Tanzania, Zambia, Malawi, Mozambique, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, Swaziland, Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Costa Rica, Nicaragua, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico, US, and Canada represent Walmart’s influence globally. Walmart employees 2.2 million people worldwide with 1.3 million in the US alone. At the end of fiscal 2013, Walmart’s domestic sales were $466.1 billion and international sales were 135 billion making Walmart number 2 on the Fortune 500 list of largest companies by revenue (Walmart, 2013). Walmart’s internationalization ratio is 29%, outlining the percentage of international sales of total sales. International sales, as a percentage of total sales, are up roughly 5% since 2010 when international sales were 24.7% of total sales (Walmart, 2010). Walmart’s international presence is growing through expansion and a more multinational mindset. Walmart espouses a multinational mentality. Although the company realizes the need to have an efficient business model, the thought is “we sell what customers want” meaning that Walmart treats the different regions of the world as local domestic markets (Pennsylvania State University, 2013). As Walmart enters emerging markets, obstacles arise with integration and expansion...
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...Analysis of an International Organization: Yum! Brands Inc. Kimberly A. Waters BUS310 Professor Dianna Anderson May 9, 2014 With over 40,000 locations in more than 125 countries that span across six continents, Yum! Brands Inc. is the world’s largest restaurant operator in terms of the number of locations it owns. Yum! Brands, based in Louisville, Kentucky is ranked #201 on the FORTUNE 500 list with revenues of more than $13 billion. It was named among 100 Best Corporate Citizens by Corporate Responsibility Magazine in 2013. The restaurant brands - KFC, Pizza Hut and Taco Bell are leaders of the chicken, pizza and Mexican-style food categories globally (Yum! Brands Inc., 2014). With this kind of credit and stature this company has, who would think Yum has any challenges within their company? Yum! has their fair share of common human resource challenges. They also have some uncommon challenges. These challenges include but probably are not limited to; low wages for employees, food safety issues, high turn-over, wage/hour violations and child labor rules. Challenges such as these have cost Yum! Brands thousands on top of thousands in fines, as well as bad media. Low wages is one of the biggest challenges in the fast food industry as a whole. Yum! Brands seems to have it worse than most. Reports show that a substantial amount of Yum’s domestic employees are paid very little and causes them to have to seek government or community assistance, just to feed their families...
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...first realists in the study of politics that wrote in a more theoretical sense, as well as the founding father of International Relations. His study on the History of the Peloponnesian War provides awareness of the conflict and various analyses on the causes of the war by observing the strategic interaction between the states, hierarchy amongst the states along with legitimacy and levels of power to determine the pattern of their relations. Although there are undeniably numerous differences between Thucydides era and our world system today, Thucydides persists to influence contemporary international relations, namely Realism, with many realists frequently referring to the Melian Dialogue when advocating a power-based approach. With Thucydides often portraying insights into human nature, many scholars use his findings as a guide that is still relevant today due to the generality of self-interest, fear and power maximisation that still occurs as it did previously. Thucydides’ relevance today has been greatly perceived through his impact upon political realism in his studies concerning the concept of power politics. Whilst political realism expresses the view that international relations is the battle of self-interested states that are involved in the struggle of power politics within a permanent moral-free state of anarchy, Thucydides’ work denotes that international relations is anarchical and dissolute. When analysing the strategic interaction of states and the hierarchy amongst...
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...BRIGHTON BUSINESS SCHOOL UNDERGRADUATE PROGRAMMES EC280: INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS ANALYSIS Name: Lee Wen-I Words:1963 Table of Contents Introduction 3 1 How is China becoming powerful? 4 2 Global overcapacity and China 5 3. Challenges toward China 6 4. Reaction of China 8 References 10 1. Globalisation in China Since 1990s, globalizing is shown everywhere in the world. The commodities, cosmetics, clothes, or even designer goods are now made in any country that you might think of. In the widely cited report, Goldman Sachs argued that the economic potential of Brazil, Russia, India and China is that they may become among the four most dominant economies by the year 2050, with China surpassing the United States in output by 2035. Globalization has become one of the important issues in this global economics. However, when it comes to representing the success of globalization, China often came out. China influencing more and more on the inflation, Yyield to Maturity (YTM), wage standardization, capital flows, migration and even building city quotations on the markets. China certainly plays an important role for the future globalization development. From the financial magazines, it shows that although China is not the only country that developing extremely fast, it is the most important one. 1.1 GDP and growth in China In 2000, the GDP growth rate in China is almost two times than the combination of Brazil, Russia and India. Luthans...
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...Introduction This assignment comprises of two articles, which deal with International Terrorism How not to fight Terrorism by Mukul Sharma and Exporting the Patriot Act? Democracy and the ‘war on terror’ in the Third World by Beth Elise Whitaker and a report named The Terror of Law UAPA and the Myth of National Security, by CDRO, which deals with terrorism on National level. The basic definition of terrorism is ‘the use of violence and threats to intimidate or coerce, especially for political purpose.’ An act of terrorism might be terrorism to one country whereas patriotism to another country. There are different definitions of terrorism by different agencies. There is no accurate definition of Terrorism as there is difference of opinion...
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...HYGEIA INTERNATIONAL Point of View: Henry Livingston, Vice President of the Africa Middle East Region of Hygeia International Time Context: 1980 Statement of the Problem: To determine whether to venture into poultry production, retain current business position, or to use poultry production as a sales promotion tool to increase profit Statement of the Objectives: * To determine the number of human resources needed for the company to be ready in venturing into poultry production in Nigeria in four weeks time * To analyze risks involved in poultry production in Nigeria in four weeks time * To determine historical data of sales growth within the past five years to project return of investment in the next five years Areas of Consideration: INTERNAL 1. Marketing Hygeia International is already well established in Nigeria. However, marketing channels are poorly developed. Tv and radio still have to be improved so the marketing department of the company should implement marketing activities to easily reach the target market. 2. Finance The financial projection prepared by R. Akobo, the company’s agricultural manager , and checked by M. Suleman, the company’s financial manager was given to the president. The treasurer of the company also noted that estimated return is well over 30 percent hurdle-rate used for domestic investment. 3. Production Though Hygeia is not producing chickens or eggs commercially, the company has experts familiar with the technology...
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...I. Introduction Driven largely by a growing population and rising incomes around the world, agricultural demand is expected to continue rising in order to ensure abundant quantities of high-quality food, feed, fibre, energy and even industrial products. The foundation of sustainable agriculture is soil fertility , a term that encompasses the soil’s nutrient content, the amount of soil organic matter, the soil structure, its PH balance and the presence of microorganisms(IFA,2012). Most soils lack at least some plant nutrients , and growing crops remove nutrients from the soil. Soil nutrients must be replenished when removed and supplied when deficient. It takes years and sometimes decades for natural processes to restore nutrients in the soil, which means that they no longer suffice to support global agricultural production. Traditional methods for restoring soil fertility, which entail long fallow periods and shifting agriculture into new areas, may contribute to deforestation, given current pressures on land use. Although historically sustainable, these practices no longer suffice to meet the needs of the current and future population levels and density. Organic sources of nutrients provide fewer nutrients than most people think, but they are usually excellent for improving other aspects of soil fertility. Inorganic sources contain only plant-available nutrients and therefore have no direct influence on soil structure or the presence of microorganisms. This is why agronomists...
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