...It is of great endeavor but at the same time a challenge to be in the task of setting an interest in the context of the International Political System. Throughout the years this concept had been of great interest to a lot of thinkers and theorists in the international stage. It has been a concern since the International Political System like any other legal system varies between success and failure[ Fitzmaurice, G. (1956). The Foundations of the Authority of International Law and the Problem of Enforcement: Oxford University Press.]. For over the centuries that the world has been a home of chaos, the failures of such system had conquered its successes; failures that even renowned international organizations such as the League of Nations cannot...
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...Public Procurement and supply law helps our organization in achieving the following: Promotes economy and efficiency in the use of public funds Kenya Meat Commission ensures that the public procurement procedure is conducted and the selection of tenderers made within the time limits and in the manner prescribed by this law, incurring as little costs as possible in the effecting public procurement. It provides for a fair Competition among the tenderers KMC do not limit competition among the tenderers; in particular, it does not prevent any tenderer from participating by unjustified use of the restricted procedure or by using discriminatory criteria. It promotes transparency of the organization in the use of public funds Public funds may be used only for the purposes determined by a contract concluded in the public procurement procedure. Through the Principle of Equality of Tenderers KMC may not impose conditions that would constitute territorial, subject or personal discrimination among tenderers or discrimination arising out of the classification of the business performed by the tenderers. It allows for the confidentiality of the contracts When disseminating technical specifications concerning the awarding of contracts to tenderers, KMC ensures the protection of confidentiality of the information placed at their disposal. It helps in Prevention of corruption Common measures for prevention of corruption may include, procurement officer drafting a plan and providing...
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...International Business - Environments and Operations Part One Background For International Business Chapter 1 Globalization and International Business Introduction Globalization is the ongoing process that deepens and broadens the relationships and interdependence among countries. International Business is a mechanism to bring about globalization. (The term sometimes refers to the integration of world economies through the reduction of barriers to the movement of trade, capital, technology, and people. Throughout recorded history, human contacts over ever-wider geographic areas have expanded the variety of available resources, products, services, and markets. Today, so many different components, ingredients, and specialized business activities go into products that we’re often challenged to say exactly where they were made. Example: Japanese firm Matsushita furnishes the CD player in the Korean-manufactured Kia Sorento.) International business consists of all commercial transactions—including sales, investments, and transportation—that take place between two or more countries Increasingly foreign countries are a source of both production and sales for domestic companies (These global activities enable us to get more variety, better quality, or lower prices. Private companies undertake such transactions for profit while governments may undertake them either for profit or for political reasons.) Studying International Business is Important * Most companies are either...
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...long and short runs. In order to prove it we are going to find out what economic institutions are, why they are matte, what are the reasons behind different institutions in different countries and finally support it with historical facts. 1 Links between economic growth and economic institution What are institutions? The term “Economic institutions” can be defined in mach different way and have multiple meanings. On the one hand North (1990, p.3 ) defines institutions in a general wide way as “ the rules of the game in a society, or more formally, are the humanly devised constants that shape human interaction… In consequence they structure incentives in human exchange, whether political, social, or economic”. Hadgson (2004, p. 655) explains economic institutions as “ durable systems of established and embedded social rules that...
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...as though it is the best way for society to live by, but honestly more than half of the people associated in politics are not there to help nor do they care or try to understand the struggle people go through, as I stated at the beginning of the semester. They only care about themselves and their pockets. As students, I believe we can and should reinforce the origins of politics. It sounds a tad easy than it actually is, but I strongly believe that if given the chance not only could society put a stop to the dirty game appearance of politics, it also teach us qualities of strength and leadership. It helps us voice our opinion and have a say in crucial issues. We should push ourselves to make right decisions in order to make our politics system less corrupt. This class has taught me that without politics there would be no existence of a society because there would be a lack of structure that would only lead...
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...this essay, I am reviewing a book entitled Why Nations Fail written by Daron Acemoglu, and James Robinson. The book was written in 2012, and the authors mention the ongoing Arab Spring as they were putting together their ideas in writing. This coincidence makes me wonder if these authors were also impacted by the information revolution or the information outburst as Nye (2013) often chooses to call. In fact, the authors did not mention the term ‘information revolution’ in the book; they simply state that Egyptians are on the street not because they are poor, as many scholars and political analysts suggest, but because power has resided in the hands of a few elites, and these elites have used political power to amass personal wealth at the expense of the bigger mass. But why the Egyptian revolution took place at this particular time, instead of a decade ago, for example? As far as I understand political theories, the answer lies behind globalization and information revolution which opened a new gate to information. That is, since billions of people around the globe are capable of reaching the internet (about 1.7 million according to Nye), many are able to read online news, or even watch them live as they are being broadcasted. Thus, it is possible to associate the Egyptian revolution or the Arab Spring to globalization and information revolution. Acemoglu et al, (2012) also indicate that Egypt’s ex-president, Hosni Mubarak gathered a huge amount of Egyptian wealth (about $70 billion)...
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...influence a firm in its operations. These forces are more or less important and threatening to a company. They range from the customers to the competition, through laws and environmental regulations and encompass a very broad number of actors in any competitive environment. Political activity is perhaps one of the most important forces to monitor and manage for companies. It relates to the laws and regulations that shape the competitive environment, and companies have numerous opportunities and ways to influence them. In this regard, this paper will address the ways that firms have to manage the uncertainty of their environment through corporate political strategies. The analysis will start by clarifying the relations between the firm and its political environment, in order to see which topics deserve a stronger focus when developing a corporate political strategy. Then, a distinction will be drawn between corporatist political systems and pluralist ones, so to give an indication on which kind of strategy to choose. Finally, it will be possible to give more details about the means that companies have to pursue their corporate political strategy, considering that their relevance depends on the political environment at hand. I) The links between business and politics From Hillman and Hitt (1999, p.826) it can be said that politics set the grounds for business activities. By developing and implementing laws and regulations often applicable to the society at large, they directly...
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...societies dysfunctions than a parody of the self, The Media helps to provide some sort of equilibrium in this world of ever changing, always yearning chaos. Some analysts have been tempted to disregard The Media. I haven’t. If society has a favourite child, it is The Media. Economic Factors Increasingly economic growth and innovation are being attributed to The Media. Of course, The Media fits perfectly into the JTB-Guide-Dog model, a classic economic system of analysis. National Debt The Media The results displayed in the graph are too clear to be ignored. Of course the national debt is in financial terms 'holding hands with The Media.' Supply Side Economic Tax Cuts Tax deductions could turn out to be a risky tactic. Political Factors Modern politics owes much to the animal kingdom. Comparing The Media and much of what has been written of it can be like comparing night and day. It is always enlightening to consider the words of the famous political Achilles B. Adger 'The success of any political system can...
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... and other groups. Under the picket-fence federalism the main focus was opposed to the urban situations and problems for the disadvantage. Picket-fence federalism was a way that the government went to help the individuals who were apart of the less fortunate through the help of different governmental agencies. List and explain at least three strategies states used to respond to welfare reform following the implementation of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act of 1996. Relate your answer specifically to state discretionary rule-making and changes in the categorization of case studies With the new opposed governmental relations involved over the years different presidential administrators wanted to bring change into the system. There were many different types of welfare reform that followed the implementation of the Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Act of 1996. According to the text, during Clinton’s presidency, the foundation of New Federalism remained, however the main themes were regulatory reform and shifting decision making authority to state and local governments. (Denhardt, 2009). Because of congressional concern that welfare had become a way of life For some recipients, a key purpose of the new law was to promote work Over welfare and self-reliance over dependency. In support of this goal, the Law provides that states must require able-bodied recipients to participate In work or work-related activities and must impose a 5-year lifetime limit ...
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...Critical Book Review: States and Markets Susan Strange 1993 Susan Strange wrote States and Markets in 1994 and it was amazingly predictive of the future of the Internal Political Economy or Global Political Economy (IPE or GPE). Although there are some blind spots in her theory and mode, and she was not able to predict many things. She was still able to accurately describe the four main structures, which affect structural and relational power structures thereby directly affecting IPE. * The model she proposes in this book is not based on rigid theories of international relations that give no room for debate, which are erroneously based on some preconceived assumptions. First, one must understand how the author defines certain ideas and concepts differently. According to Strange “ Firstly a great deal of social theory is no more then description” (Strange, 10, 1994). She expands with the facts are well known but are arranged in a different order or category (Strange, 10, 1994). Susan Strange’s security structure is not rigid, like most other security models and it does not dictate a set of conditions nor does it bias itself to one nation. It is not a uniquely American perspective that assumes military dominance nor is it a British Empire that demands subjugation. It is more easily applied to developing nations that lack the military might of a super power due to its assumption of conventional forces only and lack of military. She theorizes that without protection...
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...specifications prepared by or for the DoD. This standard covers the requirements for "standard" performance and detail specifications, meaning specifications that are used on multiple programs or applications. 3. It is DoD policy to give first preference to developing and using performance specifications. If it is not practical or effective to use a performance specification, a non-Government standard should be used. If it is not practical or effective to develop and use a performance specification or non-Government standard, a detail specification may be developed and used, but only as a last resort. 4. There are two primary objectives for the changes to this standard. First, for the DoD to meet its military needs in the current economic and political environment, it must increase access to an expanded industrial base that can meet defense needs at lower costs with state-of-the-art commercial technology. The changes herein will move the DoD to greater use of performance-based specifications and commercial-type specifications and standards. The second objective is to ensure that the contents of specifications cover only the requirements for a product (preferably in terms of performance) and the tests to verify that those requirements are met. Specifications...
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...SENIOR SECONDARY COURSE PHYSICS 1 (CORE MODULES) Coordinators Dr. Oum Prakash Sharma Sh. R.S. Dass NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF OPEN SCHOOLING A-25, INSTITUTIONAL AREA, SECTOR-62, NOIDA-201301 (UP) COURSE DESIGN COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN Prof. S.C. Garg Former Pro-Vice Chancellor IGNOU, Maidan Garhi, Delhi MEMBERS Prof. A.R. Verma Former Director, National Physical Laboratory, Delhi, 160, Deepali Enclave Pitampura, Delhi-34 Dr. Naresh Kumar Reader (Rtd.) Deptt. of Physics Hindu College, D.U. Dr. Oum Prakash Sharma Asstt. Director (Academic) NIOS, Delhi Prof. L.S. Kothari Prof. of Physics (Retd.) Delhi University 71, Vaishali, Delhi-11008 Dr. Vajayshree Prof. of Physics IGNOU, Maidan Garhi Delhi Sh. R.S. Dass Vice Principal (Rtd.) BRMVB, Sr. Sec. School Lajpat Nagar, New Delhi-110024 Dr. G.S. Singh Prof. of Physics IIT Roorkee Sh. K.S. Upadhyaya Principal Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya Rohilla Mohammadabad (U.P.) Dr. V.B. Bhatia Prof. of Physics (Retd.) Delhi University 215, Sector-21, Faridabad COURSE DEVELOPMENT TEAM CHAIRMAN Prof. S.C. Garg Former Pro-Vice Chancellor IGNOU, Delhi MEMBERS Prof. V.B. Bhatia 215, Sector-21, Faridabad Prof. B.B. Tripathi Prof. of Physics (Retd.), IIT Delhi 9-A, Awadhpuri, Sarvodaya Nagar Lucknow-226016 Sh. K.S. Upadhyaya Principal Navodaya Vidyalaya Rohilla Mohammadabad, (U.P.) Dr. V.P. Shrivastava Reader (Physics) D.E.S.M., NCERT, Delhi EDITORS TEAM CHAIRMAN Prof. S.C. Garg Former Pro-Vice Chancellor IGNOU, Delhi MEMBERS Prof. B.B. Tripathi Prof...
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...Case Discussion: Polarities 1. Provide an overview of polarities using at least three credible academic sources “Polarities are ongoing, chronic issues that are unavoidable and unsolvable. Attempting to address them with traditional problem solving skills only makes things worse. There is significant competitive advantage for those leaders, teams, or organizations that can distinguish between a problem to solve and a polarity to manage and are effective with both. (Johnson, 1998, p. 2).” “Polarity management is an approach to conflict resolution that’s about identifying and managing unsolvable problems. It stresses the importance of recognizing that some situations don’t have solutions- and that life doesn’t always have to be either/or. While some issues are just problems that have a definite answer, the more challenging issues are polarities. (Miller, 2008, para. 3&4).” For example, a manager of a team knows that she must constantly go back and forth between focusing on the team’s performance as a whole and on each individual team member’s performance. Were she to focus on one avenue more than the other, we can safely assume she was not as effective as she could be (Hirschhorn, 2001). “They are called paradox, dilemma and tensions. We refer to them as polarities; but whatever they are called, it has been documented that individuals and organizations that manage them well outperform those that don’t. Polarities are competing values that need each in order to achieve...
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...it Unit 2 Research Paper 1: Experiment Tanya Hernandez GS1140 Mr. Sanchez 10/01/2015 ITT Technical Institute Unit 2 Research Paper 1: Experiment My sister Jourdan has hired her father-in-law Andy, to remodel her back yard for her new home. The previous owners landscaped part of the backyard, but she would like help in landscaping the rest of it. Andy has the potential to be a great landscaper, but isn’t very good at math and will need Jourdan’s help before he can get started. Jourdan’s yard is 200 feet long, and its width is 75% of its length. The portion of her yard that does not need to be landscaped is along the shortest part of the yard and is 10% of the width of that part of the yard. Jourdan would like to put in grass, but does not want it to take up more than 1/25 of the space in her yard (space is in ft2). What is the largest area the grass can take up? If Jourdan’s grass takes up that much space and each grass piece 4ft wide, how long are they? Jourdan would like to add some brick to her patio. If each of those bricks is 6 inches long 3 inches wide. She only needs to cover 15 square feet, how many bricks does she need? We have discovered that the length of her yard is 150 feet. She will not need to landscape 15 square feet. 120 square feet of yard space will be covered in grass. Each piece of that grass is 30 feet in length. The last part of her landscaping will include laying down some brick and we found out that she will need 10 bricks...
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...Description: I will be building a program that with calculate the usable are in square feet of a house. The calculation will take into account a house with a total of 4 rooms with each room being a rectangular. The program will include user input for each of the room’s length and width. Based on that input, the program will calculate the total square feet for each room then add them to get the total square feet of the entire house. The output will then show the total square feet. Analysis: This program will allow a user to calculate the total square feet of usable space in a house that contains anywhere from 1 to 4 rooms. One input will include the amount of rooms the user chooses (1-4). A printf statement will request the number of rooms in the house. Based on that, the program will require an input of the length and width of each room. Another printf statement will ask the user to input the length and width for each room. Considering that the square foot of a room is calculated by multiplying the length * width, the program will multiple the length and width of each room (Room1= Length1*width1, Room2=Length2*Width2, etc…), add each total (depending on the amount of rooms, Room1+Room2+Room3, etc…), and output the answer of adding up all the rooms as the total square feet for the house. We will declare the following variables as an int (int rooms, area, length, width, i;) rooms – this will be for how many rooms the house will have (1-4) area – this will be used...
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