...International Trade Simulation and Report Taruh Cravens, Melody Jones, Geneva George-Williams, Ruby Morgan, Nicole Southerland ECO/212 Blake Bennett International Trade Simulation and Report This paper is a team correlation on the knowledge gained from our course of study and how the concepts are applied, how international trade affects the U.S, economy, and addresses the four key factors from our weekly reading assignments that are shown in the stimulation. The simulation identified Rodamia’s bordering countries provide an opportunity for international trade and investments that could greatly benefit Rodamia. International trade with other countries would give consumers more choices in price and quality of goods. The domestic producers would increase production to meet market demands in other countries, producing more capital for investing in new avenues. The interaction of trade between the countries will make the countries more vibrant and wealthier. Limitations of international trade are placed in the form of tariffs, quotas, and regulations. These limitations offer protection in certain circumstances but can have negative if used to retaliate for reasons such as political differences (Colander, 2004). The simulation emphasized four key points from the team’s weekly reading assignments, including comparative advantage, the principle of increasing marginal opportunity, the protection possibility curve, and limitations on international trade...
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...International Trade Simulation and Report The advantage of international trade is countries with certain quantity, quality, and efficient production of goods and services can maximize their country’s wealth. Developing country’s increase sales and revenue through production expansion. International trade increases a country’s gross domestic product (GDP) by increasing the production of products sold to other countries. The free trade agreement between Rodamia, Uthania, and Suntize allowed each country to more efficiently use their resources to increase wealth through the comparative advantage of their export commodity. The flipside of international trade is another country’s ability to produce an export more efficiently than the importing country, causing domestic producers and firms to lose revenue or the opportunity for additional revenue. For example, if Rodamia continues a free trade agreement with Uthania for imports of corn, Rodamia misses the opportunity to become a large producer and net exporter of corn – hurting domestic producers and firms. To counteract the loss of increase revenue for domestic producers and firms, the Rodamia government can impose a tariff – place a tax on the corn or limit the amount of corn imported from Uthania – a quota. The government placing a tariff or quota on corn imported from Uthania protects domestic producers and firms from cheaper imports of corn and affords time to develop efficiency...
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...International Trade Simulation Week 8 Eco 212 The international simulation report is a compilation of the findings and outlines that reflect advantages and limitations of international trade as a whole. After reading the international trade simulation I did find that there are four distinct points that represent the elements that make up the report. I will be reviewing each point in depth along with providing a compare and contrast of the influences and advantages. I will finally end with a discussion that brings to light the issues surrounding the international trade report and provide a summary. The economy of Rodamia relies on three main areas: agriculture, industry and services. The country is surrounded by neighbors who produce similar and different products. Uthania is specialized in making chocolate and confectionary, but also produces goods such as minerals, coals and corn. On the other hand, Suntize is a tourist attraction which is good at producing electronic goods. Lastly, Alfazia is an agrarian economy and produces goods like corn, rice and cotton. On global interaction there is an economic characteristic where a nations exchanges goods and services to others. Globally this is known as importing and exporting production. Those nations with an open economy in the world is involved such processes with other nations, but they need to make sure they have positive interactions with the nations trading with and some of the traits would be to trust...
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...International Trade International Trade Learning Team C November 15, 2010 ECO/212 Nancy Irizarry INTERNATIONAL TRADE International trade is very important to a global economy. When countries can trade products and services that they produce with other nations without obstacles, it creates a robust economy for those exporting and importing their products and services. However, there has to be a balance between the nations to prevent protectionism, isolationism and high tariffs on imports, which can lead to trade wars. The debate over free trade and tariffs is a very complicated process as evident with the creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO). “The World Trade Organization (WTO) is the only global international organization dealing with the rules of trade between nations. The goal is to help producers of goods and services, exporters, and importers conduct their business” (WTO, 2010, p.1) Free trade has its advantages and disadvantages. The advantages and disadvantages depends on the frame of thought regarding trade. Within the simulation for international trade, one such advantage was the ability of a country to have a comparative advantage over another . When speaking in terms of a comparative advantage, its referring to a nations ability to produce a product or service at a lower price than another nation. Producing a product or service at a lower cost is the foundation of international trade. All countries who trade have the comparative...
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...International Trade Simulation and Report ECO/212 April 17, 2011 University of Phoenix In our world economic system today import and export can be the heart and soul. Most all the states throughout the world export and import merchandises and goods based on their necessities. The governments exercise their studies with in-depth consideration, restrictions and limitations. In this report we will discuss the benefits and restrictions of global trade. We will also produce the evaluation of real and relative benefits and impact affecting foreign currency rates. We will also evaluate the team concept summary outcomes and focus on collected critic as the result of government policy on monetary policy. List at least one advantage and one limitation of International Trade as identified in the simulation One advantage of International Trade as identified in the simulation is opening the countries borders to international trade and investments allows for greater benefits. The greater benefits are, they can import products that are more efficiently produced in other countries. Importing of these goods allows customers to receive more choices for price and quality. At the same time, domestic producers can expand their markets to other countries, while the country’s capital gets new avenues for investments. All these factors allows for the country’s economy to become more vibrant and the country wealthier. The possibilities for growth are endless when a country’s borders are opened...
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...International Trade Simulation and Report The global economy is based on international import and export of goods and services between countries. International Trade brings the opportunity to expand local markets in order to get greater competition and therefore more competitive prices. It is very important that governments develop smarts strategies that produce good results of exchanges while enabling them to comply with International Trade regulations to ensure that market function properly. As part of this paper Team A will discuss advantages, limitations and regulations of such important system. In addition it will analyze some factors that influence affecting foreign exchange rates. For a better analysis of International Trade Simulation and Report, Team A will evaluate concept summary results for the assessment and indentify the effects of government policy on economy behavior. One of the most important international trade advantages mention on the simulation is the free trade agreements between countries that tend to specialize in comparative products allowing each country to stimulate economic growth and the consumer’s benefits from the variety of quality products to choose from in bigger markets. Trade agreements, lower customs tariffs, and other trade barriers between countries which consequently benefit by the increase of the amount of goods that it could be trade, while at the same offers the benefit of creating new jobs. Equally important, international trade...
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...International Trade Simulation and Report Team B: Kimberly Castillo, Tanya Bell, Elijah B. Gowdy, Derrick Brown ECO/212 June 6, 2012 Instructor, John Holmberg One Advantage and One Limitation of International Trade Advantage and limitation of International Trade, Countries have different quantities, qualities, and cost for resources such as land, labor, capital, and entrepreneurship (University of Phoenix, 2009). International trade is the import and export of these resources between countries. International trade allows countries to distribute their resources more efficiently. Importing and exporting of resources is vital to the economy. A gain from International trading is a price increase or decrease, in the local markets. If it is cheaper to make a good and export the good the importer will gain from trade by getting a good at a better price than what the opportunity cost of it would be. If the market price was higher, a lower price exporter will allow market price to fall and pose a benefit for consumers, in the sense that everyone gains the most with minimal losses in the short run. Four Key Points Emphasized in the Simulation Within the simulation team b has identified four key points that were underlined. First there is what is called dumping. Dumping is the selling of goods and products in other countries at a cost that is lower than the cost of those goods and products in its own country. Another key point identified in the simulation...
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...International Trade Simulation Student January 22, 20xx XECO/212 This is a report for the President of Rodamia to discuss the advantages and the disadvantages of international trade between Rodamia and the surrounding countries around Rodamia. This report is also going to discuss the absolute and comparative advantage. Based on the information from this report, there is going to be a possible recommendation to the President of Rodamia whether or not to trade internationally. There are times international trade becomes very important and vital to a countries economy because most economies operate on the basic economic principal of supply and demand. It is not possible for every country’s domestic supplier to meet the domestic demands of that country and when this happens, that country can opt for international trade. Many countries chose international trade because their domestic suppliers are not able to produce the goods that can be brought in from other countries. However international trade has advantages and disadvantages. One advantage of international trade is that Rodamia could import goods that are made more efficiently by other countries. Our domestic suppliers may not have the equipment or man power to make certain goods and trading internationally allows Rodamia to give its consumers more options at lower prices. By allowing other countries to trade with Rodamia, this allows domestic suppliers to create goods and have excess stock...
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...Overview From September 4, 2013 through November 13, 2013 I participated in an OANDA currency simulation game to enhance my knowledge on international currencies through currency trading. As an individual I started out with $100,000 US dollars, and I traded over $75,000 with more than five different foreign currencies. Also, during the simulation I made over 12 round-way transactions. This report is going to explain the currency concepts I learned over this simulation, my major transactions during the game, and information on the international financial market through this time period. Currency Concepts Before the currency trading began Professor Tang taught about the foreign exchange market. I learned how foreign exchange is an exchange of one currency to another currency, and we need foreign exchange for five major reasons. The five reasons consist of international traveling, international business, international investment and speculation, international financing, and cross-border activities. The foreign exchange market, like I participated in, is usually undertaken in over-the-counter markets, and is the largest financial market in the world with over $3.98 trillion USD turnover a day. This game taught me about why/how individuals participate in currency trading. In order to exchange the different currencies, I had to learn the quotations for them. A foreign exchange quotation is a statement of willingness to buy/sell at an announced rate. There is...
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...JCT2 - Supply Chain Management This course supports the assessment for JCT2. The course covers 10 competencies and represents 3 competency units. Introduction Overview In this course, you will be challenged with learning about the integration of activities that comprise a supply chain, from manufacturing goods through retailer sales. Understanding and proactive management of a supply chain is a key skill set for today's business executive. This course focuses on supply chain and distribution channel decisions within a global environment. The Marketplace Business Fundamentals simulation will provide you with the opportunity to apply, in a setting that simulates a real-world environment, a variety of business decisions that must be made when managing a business as a component of a supply chain. Watch the following video for an introduction to this course: Note: View the video in full screen at 720p for best results. Competencies This course provides guidance to help you demonstrate the following 10 competencies: * Competency 326.1.5: Budgets The graduate utilizes budgets and a variety of pro-forma statements for planning and control purposes including analyzing cash flows to assure adequacy of funds for capitalizing on business opportunities. * Competency 327.3.1: Continuous Improvement and Quality Management The graduate applies quality management methods for continuous improvement and proposes various quality improvements in an organization. * Competency...
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...Management Stock Simulation: Spring 2010 Visit the web page at http://v2.stocktrak.com/public/members/registrationstudents.aspx?p=ClarksonU-FN475-Sp10 to activate and pay for your account online with a credit card. The fee for the service is $28.95. [Or, you may mail the Registration Form attached to the trading rules form along with your check to STOCK-TRAK] Stocktrak.com Project Trading Rules: http://www.stocktrak.com/public/content/tradingrules.aspx Each student will run a $1,000,000 portfolio. Trading accounts will be active on Wednesday, January 27h and end on Wednesday April 14th (11 weeks total). PLEASE ENSURE THAT YOU REGISTER BEFORE FRIDAY JANUARY 22ND TO ENSURE YOU ARE ABLE TO ACCESS THE SYSTEM. Each student is to assume the role of hedge fund manager and to design and execute an appropriate strategy to maximize the portfolio’s return over the eleven (11) week investment horizon. The clients of the fund have specified capital appreciation as the main investment objective and have no short-term cash needs. Your challenge will be to design and execute an investment strategy that satisfies the client over the 11 week investment period. Your grade for this project is based on several factors as outlined on page three. Each student will be responsible for articulating the investment objective, formulating an appropriate investment strategy to meet the objectives, conducting the necessary research, selecting the appropriate securities, executing trades, tracking...
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...Trade Report International trade is one of the best things a country can do for its economy. It creates amazing opportunity for countries to specialize in what they make best after weighing out their opportunity costs, make more money, increase their production, and create relationships with other countries. There are many advantages to international trade but there can also be some disadvantages as well. When a country is making a decision on whether or not they are going to trade internationally, they need to weigh out each advantage and disadvantage with each country they are trading in. Advantages versus Disadvantages As a country is deciding on international trade they need to see what their own opportunity costs are as well as if the country they are doing business with is going to benefit from the trade as well. One thing that needs to be looked at first is the strength one country’s currency against the other. This can create an advantage as well as a disadvantage because if the country’s currency is weak compared to the others than it would better to export and vice versa. One advantage that was found during the simulation was the fact that Rodamia was able to specialize in the production of corn. The production of corn was the largest part of their agriculture. They were also able to specialize in exporting many of their industry specialties because this was also thirty percent of their GDP. With being able to specialize in these areas the country was able to maximize...
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...j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s ev i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / e n e c o Economic impacts of higher oil and gas prices The role of international trade for Germany Christian Lutz a,⁎, Bernd Meyer a,b a b Institute for Economic Structures Research (GWS), Osnabrueck, Germany University of Osnabrueck, Germany a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t The analysis concentrates on direct and indirect price increases, induced shifts in international trade and structural changes in the oil importing economies. The paper at hand asks, whether a stabilizing effect via international trade and domestic structural change on the GDP of oil importing countries can be observed, if a permanent oil price increase occurs. At least for Germany, structural change from consumer goods to investment goods industry and an improvement of international competitiveness limit negative impacts of increased energy prices. Analysis is based on the extensive and disaggregated global GINFORS model and the detailed INFORGE model for the German economy. © 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Article history: Received 15 July 2008 Received in revised form 13 January 2009 Accepted 27 May 2009 Available online 6 June 2009 JEL classification: Q43 C53 C67 F17 Keywords: Global modelling Energy prices and the macro economy International trade 1. Introduction Oil price shocks have negative impacts on oil importing countries. There seems to be evidence for this plausible result from the...
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...Stratsim simulation: Marketing Strategy and Implementing Summary More than one million Americans are employed in manufacturing motor vehicles, equipment and parts. But the industry has changed dramatically since the U.S. “Big Three” motor vehicle corporations (General Motors, Ford and Chrysler) produced the overwhelming majority of cars and light trucks sold in the United States, and directly employed more than that many people themselves. By 2003, most passenger cars sold in the U.S. market were either imported or manufactured by foreign-based producers at new North American plants (so-called “transplant” facilities). The Big Three now dominate only in light trucks, and are being challenged there by the foreign brands. The Big Three have shed about 600,000 U.S. jobs since 1980, while about one-quarter of Americans employed in automotive manufacturing (nearly 300,000) work for foreign-owned companies — and that excludes Chrysler, which was acquired by Daimler Benz of Germany in 1998. These changes have had major effects on the structure and location of the U.S. motor vehicle industry. Michigan has been the state most directly and adversely affected, losing about 100,000 auto industry jobs since the late 1970s. Most other Midwest auto belt states have either held steady or posted gains in total industry employment, even if they have lost Big Three jobs. Some southern states, notably Kentucky and Tennessee, have been the largest net gainers of jobs...
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...Modeling Culture in Trade: Uncertainty Avoidance* Gert Jan Hofstede Wageningen University gertjan.hofstede@wur.nl Catholijn M. Jonker Delft University of Technology c.m.jonker@tudelft.nl Tim Verwaart LEI Wageningen UR tim.verwaart@wur.nl Keywords: trade, culture, agents, uncertainty avoidance, negotiation Abstract A model is presented of the way that our cultural attitude towards the unknown influences the decisions we make in trade. Uncertainty avoidance is one of Hofstede’s five cultural dimensions. The paper presents a model of how this dimension affects trade. This influence has been explicated for the decisions regarding trade: partner selection, negotiation behavior, trust, and the interpretation of the trade partner’s behavior. It has been verified in simulations showing that the generic tendencies as attributed to uncertainty avoidance are reflected in the simulation results. Our approach is an example of instantiating generic knowledge on the influences of culture on decision-making in general. INTRODUCTION The international food economy is rapidly changing. Important issues are concentration and globalization, growing information intensity, consumer demands, and social responsibility [Kinsey 2001]. An important issue in current food trade research is the emergence and performance of international supply chain networks [Lazzarini et al. 2001]. Agent-based modeling extends the understanding of processes in society and economy. It enables simulation of the emergence...
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