Free Essay

Introduction to Is

In:

Submitted By licvidaci
Words 2333
Pages 10
BAB I
FOUNDATION OF IS IN BUSINESS

* Role of IS in business 1. Support of Strategies for Competitive Advantage 2. Support of Business Decision Making 3. Support of Business Processes and Operations

* Role of e-business in business * E-Business
Penggunaan teknologi internet untuk memberdayakan proses bisnis, e-commerce, dan ECS antar perusahaan, pelanggan, pemasok, dan stakeholder.
Aplikasi e-business yang membantu dalam proses pertukaran informasi, uang sumber daya, jasa dll antara lain : * Intranet = Jaringan yang menghubungkan antar divisi didalam perusahaan * Extranet = Jaringan antar perusahaan dengan customer dan partner bisnis
Fungsi : * Merombak internal business process * Menerapkan e-commerce dengan customer dan supplier * Mendukung kolaborasi antar tim bisnis dan kelompok kerja * Enterprise Collaboration System
Mendukung komunikasi, koordinasi, dan kolaborasi di antara tim-tim jaringan / kelompok kerja * E-Commerce
Pembelian, penjualan, pemasaran, dan servis produk, jasa, dan informasi melalui jaringan komputer

* Types of information System * Operation Support Systems
Membantu menjalankan bisnis sehari-hari, tetapi tidak memberikan banyak informasi untuk pengambilan keputusan manajerial * Transaction Processing Systems
Merekam & memproses transaksi harian * Process Control Systems
Memantau dan mengendalikan proses fisik * Enterprise Collaboration Systems (Office Automation Systems)
Meningkatkan komunikasi dan produktivitas tim dan workgroup * Management Support Systems
Menyediakan informasi dan mendukung pengambilan keputusan efektif oleh manager * Management Information Systems
Melaporan dan menampilkan informasi bagi manajer untuk membantu mereka membuat keputusan bisnis yang lebih baik * Decision Support Systems
Dukungan komputer langsung untuk pengambilan keputusan * Executive Information Systems
Menyediakan Informasi penting khusus untuk para eksekutif untuk membuat keputusan yang lebih baik * Other Categories of Information Systems * Expert Systems - Saran ahli untuk keputusan operasional * Knowledge Management Systems
Menciptakan dukungan, organisasi, dan penyebaran pengetahuan bisnis * Strategic Information Systems
Penerapan TI untuk produk, layanan, dan proses untuk keunggulan strategis * Functional Business Systems – mendukung fungsi bisnis dasar * Cross-Functional Systems
Mengintegrasikan berbagai peran dan output ke berbagai fungsi

* Managerial Challenges of Information Technology * Developing IS Solutions
Sistem Informasi adalah Solusi untuk Masalah Bisnis * Investigate (Plan) – mengenali masalah yang ada * Analyze – menyelidiki sistem saat ini * Design – merancang sistem baru * Implement – memberlakukan sistem baru * Maintain (Use) – Menggunakan, memonitor, dan memelihara sistem baru

* The Component of IS * Sistem adalah sekumpulan unsur / elemen yang saling berkaitan dan saling mempengaruhi dalam melakukan kegiatan bersama untuk mencapai suatu tujuan.
Tiga fungsi dasar sistem : * Input – Mengumpulkan data dan elemen yang akan masuk ke sistem untuk diproses * Processing – Proses merubah data menjadi informasi * Output – Menyebarkan informasi ke tujuannya * Feedback and Control * Feedback – data tentang kinerja sistem * Control – Mengawasi dan mengevaluasi feedback untuk menentukan apakah sistem memenuhi tujuan

* Informastion System Model
Menunjukan komponen utama dan aktivitas dari sistem informasi. Sistem informasi bergantung pada people, hardware, software, data dan network resources untuk melakukan input, process, output, storage dan control activities yang bertujuan untuk mengubah data resources menjadi information product.

* People Resources * IS Specialists – Orang yang mengembangkan dan mengoperasi IS * End Users – Orang yang menggunakan IS * Hardware Resources * Machines – Perangkat komputerisasi * Media – Perangkat untuk menyimpan data * Software Resources
Program untuk menginstruksikan komputer tentang apa yang harus dilakukan * System Software – program yang menjalankan komputer * Application Software – program yang dijalankan oleh user * Procedures – panduan penggunaan sistem * Data Resources * Data – fakta yang belum diolah * Information – data yang telah diubah menjadi informasi yang bermanfaat bagi user * Network Resources * Communications Media – jalur fisik untuk menghantarkan sinyal * Network Infrastructure – hardware, software, dan data technologies yang dibutuhkan untuk mendukung jaringan komunikasi

BAB II
COMPETING WITH INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

* Competitive Forces * Threat of New Entrants
Ancaman pendatang baru ditentukan oleh tingginya hambatan masuk (entry barrier) suatu industry. Apabila : * Entry barrier tinggi, maka ancaman pendatang baru rendah * Entry barrier rendah, maka ancaman pendatang baru tinggi * Bargaining Power of Buyers
Bargaining power pembeli salah satunya ditentukan oleh besarnya biaya yang harus ditanggung pembeli untuk membeli produk lain (switching cost). Apabila : * Switching cost tinggi maka bargaining power of buyer tinggi * Switching cost rendah maka bargaining power of buyer rendah * Threat of Subtitution Product or Service
Ancaman barang/jasa subtitusi salah satunya juga ditentukan oleh switching cost yang dihadapi oleh pembeli. Apabila * Switching cost tinggi maka ancaman barang/jasa subtitusi rendah * Switching cost rendah maka ancaman barang/jasa subtitusi tinggi * Bargaining Power of Suppliers
Bargaining power supplier salah satunya ditentukan oleh switching cost yang dihadapi penjual untuk pindah ke supplier lain. Apabila : * Switching cost tinggi maka bargaining power supplier tinggi * Switching cost rendah maka bargaining power supplier rendah
Selain itu supplier juga menghadapi switching cost. Maka biaya itulah yang membatasi kekuatan supplier. * Rivalry Among Existing Competitors
Persaingan dengan competitor lama ditentukan rasio konsentrasi suatu industry. Rasio konsentrasi yang tinggi menunjukan bahwa sebagian besar pangsa pasar dikuasai oleh beberapa perusahaan, maka persaingan pada industry tersebut rendah. Apabila rasio konsentrasi rendah, hal ini menunjukan bahwa tidak ada perusahaan yang dominan dalam menguasai pasar, maka persaingan pada industry tersebut tinggi.

* Competitive Strategies * Cost Leadership Strategy
Menjadi produsen yang memproduksi dengan biaya rendah atau membantu supplier/konsumen mengurangi biaya atau meningkatkan biaya dari kompetitor * Differentiation Strategy
Mengembangkan produk/ jasa yang berbeda dengan kompetitor * Innovation Strategy
Mengembangkan produk/jasa yang unik atau merombak business process untuk memproduksi/mendistribusikan barang dengan cara yang berbeda * Growth Strategy
Memperluas kapasitas perusahaan untuk memporduksi barang/jasa atau memperluas segmen pasar * Alliance Strategy
Menciptakan hubungan bisnis baru dan partner dengan konsumen, supplier competitor dan perusahaan lain.

* Reengineering Business Process * Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
Proses pemikiran ulang secara mendasar dan perancangan secara radikal terhadap proses-proses bisnis untuk meningkatkan kinerja proses bisnis. * Business Process Improvement (BPI)
Kerangka sistematis yang dibangun untuk membantu organisasi dalam membuat kemajuan yang signifikan dalam pelaksanaan proses bisnisnya.

* Knowledge Management
Rangkaian kegiatan yang digunakan oleh organisasi atau perusahaan untuk mengidentifikasi, menciptakan, menjelaskan, dan mendistribusikan pengetahuan untuk digunakan kembali, diketahui, dan dipelajari di dalam organisasi.

Dua jenis pengetahuan : 1. Explicit knowledge – Data dan dokumen lain yang tertulis dan disimpan didalam komputer 2. Tacit Knowledge – Pengetahuan yang dimiliki karyawan, dimana pengetahuan tersebut didapatkan melalui pengalaman karyawan.

* Knowledge Management System
Untuk membuat, mengatur dan menyediakan pengetahuan baik explisit maupun tacit untuk dapat digunakan kembali oleh perusahaan.
BAB V
DATA RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

* Types of Database * Operational Databases
Menyimpan data detail untuk mengukung proses dan operasi bisnis * Distributed Databases
Database yang terdistribusi ke berbagai lokasi * Replication
Melacak perubahan yang terjadi di satu basis data. Setelah perubahan dalam satu basis data teridentifikasi dan diketahui, baru kemudian dilakukan perubahan agar semua basis data sama satu dengan yang lainnya * Duplication
Satu basis data dijadikan master, kemudian diperbanyak menjadi sejumlah duplikat. * External Databases
Semua database di luar organisasi yang dapat digunakan oleh banyak perusahaan. * Hypermedia Databases – Database yang memiliki halaman media interkoneksi

* Data Warehouse
Database yang berisi data dari beberapa system operasional yang terintegrasi dan terstruktur sehingga dapat digunakan untuk mendukung analisa dan proses pengambilan keputusan dalam bisnis. * Data Mart
Bagian dari datawarehouse dan berada level departemen pada perusahaan atau organisasi tersebut. Data mart menangani sebuah business proses, misalkan penjualan, maka hanya proses penjualan saja yang ditangani pada data mart. * Data Mining
Perangkat lunak yang digunakan untuk menemukan pola-pola tersembunyi maupun hubungan-hubungan yang terdapat dalam basis data yang besar dan menghasilkan aturan-aturan yang digunakan untuk memperkirakan perilaku di masa medatang

BAB VI
TELECOMMUNICATION AND NETWORK

* Internet
Jaringan komputer yang terdiri dari jutaan jaringan perusahaan, pendidikan, dan pemerintah yang menghubungkan ratusan juta komputer

* Role of Intranet
Intranet – sebuah jaringan internal pribadi menggunakan teknologi Internet * The Business Value of Intranets
Sebuah portal informasi perusahaan yang mendukung komunikasi dan kolaborasi * Communications and Collaboration * Web Publishing – mengembangkan dan penerbitan dokumen hyperlink multimedia * Business Operations and Management - Mengembangkan / menyebarkan aplikasi kritis operasi dan pengambilan keputusan manajerial yang mendukung * Intranet Portal Management

* Role of Extranet
Extranet - Sebuah jaringan pribadi yang menggunakan teknologi internet (intranet) dibuka untuk memilih entitas eksternal untuk tujuan komunikasi
Tujuan : interkoneksi bisnis dengan pemasok / pelanggan / mitra bisnis

BAB VII
E-BUSINESS

* Cross-Functional Enterprise System
Sistem informasi yang melintas batas berbagai area fungsional suatu bisnis agar dapat mengintegrasikan serta mengotomatisasikan proses bisnis.

Aplikasi ini terintegrasi lintas fungsional perusahaan aplikasi seperti perencanaan sumber daya perusahaan (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM), dan manajemen rantai pasokan (SCM). Sistem ini sendiri sering menjadi interkoneksi oleh integrasi aplikasi enterprise (EAI) sistem sehingga pengguna bisnis aplikasi ini dapat lebih mudah mengakses sumber daya informasi yang mereka butuhkan untuk mendukung kebutuhan pelanggan, pemasok, dan mitra bisnis. Sistem perusahaan kolaborasi (ECS) adalah sistem lintas fungsional yang mendukung dan meningkatkan komunikasi dan kolaborasi antar tim dan kelompok kerja dalam suatu organisasi. * Enterprise Application Integration
Mengintegrasi front office dengan back office. Software EAI digunakan untuk memodelkan interaksi proses bisnis dalam suatu organisasi. Ini memberikan middleware untuk melakukan konversi data dan koordinasi, komunikasi aplikasi dan layanan pesan.

* Transaction Processing System
Mencatat aktivitas transaksi suatu organisasi
Transaction Processing Cycle – 5 activities: * Data Entry – Mencatat data bisnis * Transaction Processing * Batch Processing – Mencatat data, kemudian memproses data secara perodik * Real-time (Online) Processing – Mencatat dan memproses data secara langsung * Database Maintenance
Melakukan Update pada database sehingga database selalu tepat dan up to date * Document and Report Generation
Membuat laporan dari transaksi * Inquiry Processing
User melakukan query dan menerima laporan mengenai transaksi

* Functional Business System
Mendukung fungsi bisnis pemasaran, produksi / operasi, akuntansi, keuangan, dan manajemen sumber daya manusia melalui berbagai sistem informasi operasional dan manajemen e-bisnis * Marketing
Membantu dalam perencanaan, promosi dan penjualan produk yang ada di pasar yang ada * Interactive Marketing - transaksi yang berfokus pada pelanggan dua arah antara perusahaan dan yang (potensial) * Sales Force Automation - menghubungkan tenaga penjualan ke Internet, intranet, dan ekstranet
Targeted Marketing – advertising/promotion concept that includes: * Community – the group of people interested in the product * Content – the message aimed at the community * Context – relevant/related to the target audience * Demographic/Psychographic – aimed only at specific types/classes of people * Online Behavior – track a person’s online behavior so the advertising can be targeted to the individual

* Manufacturing * Computer-Integrated Manufacturing – to create flexible, agile, manufacturing processes that efficiently produce highest quality products
3 Objectives: * Simplify (reengineer) production processes * Automate – with computers, machines, robots * Integrate – tie together all production and support processes with networks, cross-functional software, and other IT * Computer-Aided Manufacturing – automate the production process * Manufacturing Execution Systems – monitor performance * Process Control – control ongoing physical processes * Machine Control – use of computers to control machines * Human Resource Management * Perencanaan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan karyawan * Mengembangkan karyawan ke potensi terbaik * Mengontrol program dan kebijakan anggota * Accounting * Order Processing – perintah penangkapan / proses, membuat data untuk pengendalian persediaan dan piutang * Inventory Control – proses data yang mencerminkan perubahan dalam persediaan, menyediakan pengiriman / menyusun ulang informasi * Accounts Receivable – Jumlah rekor yang dimiliki oleh pelanggan, menghasilkan faktur pelanggan / pernyataan dan laporan manajemen kredit * Accounts Payable – rekor pembelian dari, jumlah yang terhutang kepada, dan pembayaran kepada pemasok, dan menghasilkan laporan manajemen kas * Payroll – catatan kerja karyawan dan kompensasi data, menghasilkan gaji dan dokumen gaji * General Ledger – mengkonsolidasikan data dari sistem akuntansi lainnya, menghasilkan laporan keuangan berkala dan laporan * Finance * Financing a business – menentukan kebutuhan pembiayaan * Allocation and control of financial resources * Capital Budgeting – mengevaluasi profitabilitas dan dampak keuangan dari pengeluaran modal yang diusulkan * Financial Planning – mengevaluasi kinerja keuangan saat ini dan diproyeksikan

BAB X111
BUSINESS ACROSS THE ENTERPRISE

* E-Business Application * Internal business system * Customer Relationship Management
Sistem perusahaan crossfunctional yang mengintegrasikan dan mengotomatisasi banyak pelanggan melayani proses penjualan, pemasaran, dan layanan pelanggan yang berinteraksi dengan pelanggan perusahaan. * Enterprise Resource Planning
Sistem perusahaan lintas fungsional yang mengintegrasikan dan mengotomatisasi banyak proses internal bisnis perusahaan, terutama yang dalam manufaktur, logistik, distribusi, akuntansi, keuangan, dan fungsi sumber daya manusia bisnis. * Document Management Systems * Human Resources Management * Enterprise communication and collaboration * E-mail * Voice mail * Web conferencing * Business Process Management * Electronic commerce * Internet Shop * Supply Chain Management
Sistem perusahaan crossfunctional yang mengintegrasikan dan mengotomatisasi banyak pelanggan melayani proses penjualan, pemasaran, dan layanan pelanggan yang berinteraksi dengan pelanggan perusahaan. * Online marketing * Offline Marketing

* Customer Relationship Management * Sales – menyediakan perangkat lunak dan sumber data untuk mengelola kegiatan penjualan, dan mengoptimalkan cross-selling dan up-selling * Cross-selling – Menjual produk terkait kepada konsumen yang sama * Up-selling – Menjual produk yang lebih baik daripada produk yang ingin dibeli konsumen * Marketing and Fulfillment – otomatis pemasaran langsung, penjadwalan, dan pelacakan, dan membantu dalam tanggapan penjadwalan dan permintaan, saat menangkap informasi yang relevan untuk database marketing * Customer Service and Support – menyediakan layanan pelanggan perangkat lunak, dan real-time akses ke database pelanggan * Call Center Software * Help Desk Software * Retention and Loyalty Programs
Tiga Fase CRM * Acquire – CRM membantu nilai pelanggan baru merasakan kenggulan produk / jasa * Enhance – CRM mendukung layanan pelanggan yang unggul, dan cross-selling /up-selling * Retain – CRM membantu secara proaktif mengidentifikasi dan menghargai pelanggan yang paling setia dan menguntungkan

Sebab kegagalan CRM * Kurangnya sponsor manajemen senior * Manajemen perubahan yang tidak tepat * Proyek mengambil terlalu banyak dan terlalu cepat * Integrasi yang buruk antara CRM dan sistem bisnis inti * Kurangnya insentif pengguna akhir yang mengarah ke tingkat adopsi pengguna rendah

Trend CRM * Operational CRM – mendukung / mensinkronisasikan interaksi pelanggan * Analytical CRM – ekstrak informasi pelanggan dan memprediksi perilaku pelanggan * Collaborative CRM – memungkinkan kolaborasi dengan pelanggan, pemasok, dan mitra bisnis * Portal-Based CRM – memungkinkan akses ke informasi pelanggan dan alat CRM

* Enterprise Resource Planning
Sebuah suite software lintas fungsi yang mendukung proses bisnis internal dasar dari suatu perusahaan * Major business value * Quality and Efficiency – perbaikan yang signifikan dalam kualitas dan efisiensi layanan pelanggan, produksi, dan distribusi * Decreased Costs – pengurangan yang signifikan dalam biaya transaksi, hardware dan software, dan dukungan TI staf * Decision Support – menyediakan lintas fungsional informasi yang memungkinkan pengambilan keputusan yang lebih baik di seluruh perusahaan * Enterprise Agility – break down departemen / dinding fungsional dan memungkinkan lebih fleksibel, struktur organisasi adaptif * Kegagalan ERP * meremehkan kompleksitas perencanaan, pengembangan, dan pelatihan yang diperlukan untuk sukses * Kegagalan untuk melibatkan karyawan * Mencoba melakukan terlalu banyak dan terlalu cepat * Terlalu bergantung pada klaim vendor perangkat lunak / perusahaan konsultan

* Supply Chain Management
Untuk mengoptimalkan keefektifan / keefisienan pergerakan bahan antara pemasok, pelanggan, dan mitra lainnya. * Manfaat SCM * Lebih cepat, Pengolahan Orde Lebih Akurat * Mengurangi Tingkat Persediaan * Lebih cepat untuk memasarkan * Transaksi dan biaya bahan rendah * Hubungan strategis dengan Pemasok * Kegagalan SCM * Kurangnya Pengetahuan tentang Perencanaan Permintaan * Akurat / Terlalu Optimis Prakiraan Permintaan * Produksi akurat, Inventory, dan Data Bisnis Lainnya * Kurangnya Kolaborasi memadai antara Pemasaran, Produksi, dan Manajemen Persediaan Departemen * Tiga tahapan penerapan SCM * Meningkatkan Pasokan internal Rantai Proses dan Meningkatkan Hubungan dengan Pemasok dan Pelanggan * Gunakan Supply Chain Perangkat Lunak, Intranet, dan extranet dengan Mitra Dagang * Mengembangkan dan Menerapkan Aplikasi SCM Kolaborasi

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Introduction

...CHAPTER 1 Introduction Introduction is needed when you meet new people or are in the new place. It could help you to know the other people and make a conversation. It will also help you to make a good relationship just by introducing yourselves. The problem, how to make a good introduction? How to make the addressee interested to make conversation? A. Varieties of Introductions There are two varieties of introductions. They are formal and informal introductions. Both of that varieties are needed in introduction self or other people. It depends on the situation and addressee. When the addressee is older, educated, or have higher status, you should use the formal introduction. Besides, the informal introduction is used when the addressee is your age or younger than you. For example, when you meeting a president of a university, it is advisable to say, “How do you do?” rather than “How ya doing?” Likewise, someone, who is your age or younger would probably say, “It’s nice to meet you” rather than “How do you do?” Here are the other examples of introducing yourself: Formal Introduction | Informal Introduction | * Let me introduce myself. * I am glad for this opportunity to introduce myself. * I just wanted to introduce myself, * I don't believe we've met before, * I don't think we've actually met formally yet, | * My name is... * I'm... * Hi, I’m… * Hello guys, I’m… | Here are the examples of introducing someone else: Formal Introduction | Informal...

Words: 846 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Introduction

...Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION As time passes by, technology continues to evolve. Because of technology, new things were created that sustains and lightens human work. Computers were created because of technology. Computers were the greatest thing ever invented by man itself. In the modern age, computers have become a part of man’s life. Almost all the things around us were made by computers with the aid of modern machines. From the edited books, design, special effects in movies, and televisions etc., were all made by computers. Along with the evolution of technology, computers continue to upgrade as well until the time that computer has now become a part of man’s everyday life that are hooked to computers. Computers can now edit documents to your PC, play mini games, search information you need using the internet, save documents to your PC and play online games. It’s like an all-in-one gadget that can do all the things you want anytime you need it. Based on the facts on Wikipedia, from 1990 to the present year, online games had a big impact to us especially teenagers. Online games have many genres, including FPS games, MMORPG, Casual games and multiplayer games. A game will become an online game if it involves in using a computer or a series of computers with one player in each computer to battle it out with other players using the Internet depending on the game genre. According to Wikipedia, an online game is a game played over some form of computer network. Online games...

Words: 428 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Introduction

...12/10/2015 Introduction to Social Networking Skip to Content | Change text size | Contact ACCAN Australian Communications Consumer Action Network Top of the page Main Menu Home News Consumer info Our work Grants Events Members About us Search... Search this site Go Consumer info > Tip sheets > Introduction to Social Networking Subnavigation with limited articles view Tip sheets Community Consultation Guide Phone Rights App Your Rights Guide Jargon buster Portals Disability Hardship Small Business Introduction to Social Media What is Social Media? Social networking on social media websites involves the use of the internet to connect users with their friends, family and acquaintances. Social media websites are not necessarily about meeting new people online, although this does happen. Instead, they are primarily about connecting with friends, family and acquaintances you already have in real life. The most well­known social media sites are Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and LinkedIn. These sites allow you to share photos, videos and information, organise events, chat, and play online games. Often, each of your "friends" (Facebook) or "followers" (Twitter) will be connected to each other. Just like in real life, the connections between people aren't just one­on­one, but a network of connections. This online social network is useful for spreading information, pictures and videos and generally staying in touch with people you wouldn't normally get to interact with all the time...

Words: 1143 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Introduction

...Online Marketing Take-off of online marketing: casting the next generation strategies Amalesh Sharma is a Teaching Associate based at the Indian School of Business, Hyderabad, India. Introduction The purpose of the old module of marketing was to dictate a message to the mass market. With changes in time, requirements, technology and expectations of the customers, the field of marketing itself has experienced significant changes. It is noteworthy to mention that marketing dynamics shifted from ‘‘farm centric’’ to ‘‘consumer centric’’ perspectives. With evolution in the market dynamics, it is becoming a difficult issue to choose the correct channel to reach the consumer within a specific target group. The ‘‘dotcom era’’ in the history of marketing will probably be remembered exclusively for its contribution towards innovation based marketing. The development of internet technology has impacted us by changing our behavior, decision making process, relation with one another and the way of doing business. The internet has decreased the distance between places, crossing geographical borders and allowing us to build and bring all the necessary things we require, and discarding all the old communication techniques. Highly intense information based market is forcing marketers to look at the world with new perspectives at the new opportunities. Diverse culture, social restrictions are no longer able to hinder the information flow. At this transitional phase as the world is moving towards...

Words: 311 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Introduction

...1. Introduction Summary of what the report is all about. The demand for food items industry is mounting by a significant amount. Eating practices, habits and trends are continuously changing with different constructs of living standards. Increasing fashion towards ready-made snacks, events, feasts and dine out is giving a real boost up to this industry. The topic under consideration is Gourmet Sweets and Bakers. The main idea of this report is to highlight current strategic plan of the bakery. Later part of this discussion aims at flaws and recommendations for amendments in strategies. Gourmet is a French word meaning ‘refined and manifest affection for good food’ Gourmet Bakers and Sweets” is the largest food retail chain of Lahore. It is one of the renowned bakeries and confectioner shops. Foundations of bakery are in Lahore. Lahore is the second largest city of Pakistan famous for traditional foods and enthusiasm for eating. Mr.Muhammad Nawaz Chathha laid the foundation of the business with a single outlet in Ichra in 1987. Initially the venture didn’t get a positive response and shut down. He started over again in 1992 in Muslim Town. He is the managing director of company and maintaining it with glorious colors. Presently,2 beverages production plants and 100 stores are operational in Lahore.10 stores and 1 beverages production plant is functioning in Faisalabad. Vision: “We are a bakery company with one goal in mind to meet the needs of our customers we focus...

Words: 397 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Introductions

...Introduction: Your essay on the text should always include an introduction. In the introduction you indicate what is to be the central focus of your essay on a given text. This may be done in several different ways. A. You may choose to define your focus right away in a very direct manner. "Miranda" tells the story of how the love of a young girl is destroyed when it collides with the cynical, pragmatic world of the adults. The story is an initiation story in which the young main character goes through a development which, in this case, involves disillusionment and loss of innocence as her sincere love is destroyed. B. You may want to start in a more indirect fashion. Perhaps with a central quotation from the text which leads you on to the theme. "But she did understand and she sat hating her mother, whose eyes and smile were telling her that making love with Michael was a natural but subsidiary part of growing up; that what she felt that night and since was nothing" (ll. 164-67). This quotation from the story "Miranda" illustrates what is at stake for the main character in the story and points to the central theme of the story, the destruction of a young girl’s perhaps naive but sincere love by the very people she puts her trust in. C. You may prefer to start with a more general description of the main idea/problem and then move on to the specific treatment of this theme in the text in question. "Growing up and entering the world of adulthood, though a natural...

Words: 489 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Introduction

...1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Purpose The implementation plan has been developed to support the strategic plan of the Attendance Monitoring System. The implementation plan will be amended and updated as new actions are introduced and as developments are implemented to the system. The system tracks the performance of employees regarding their attendance on a daily basis. 1.2 System Overview Attendance Monitoring System provides a foolproof solution using fingerprint authentication with the use of a Barcode Scanner for input and affiliated with payroll system and human resource development system and provides efficient reports of the company.. The system records details such as arrival and departure of employees besides monitoring their attendance on a daily basis.  1.2.1 System Description Attendance Monitoring System takes input in a barcode scanner to collect and process data. Attendance monitoring system will provide the needed data for the payroll system for the deductions of the employee to be process. It provides reports of the DTR, the absences, and the leave of the employee. 1.2.2 System Organization Attendance Monitoring System has a barcode scanner that takes the input of the employee in barcode id. The system will monitor the daily, monthly, yearly record of the employee’s absences, leaves, and DTR. It computes for the late of the employee for the deductions. Learning is the basic foundation of knowledge it can be acquired in variety of ways like reading books, journals...

Words: 512 - Pages: 3

Premium Essay

Introduction

...Introduction Enterprise systems (ES) are large scale application software packages that support business and data analytics in complex organisations. These systems having maninted a large amount of critical and complex data are designed typically for high intensity transcation performance and high data security. Also, operational excellence could be achieved with the effective implementation of enterprise systems. This can be better understood with the given example – A customer requests company X (pharmaceutical drug manufacturing company) for information of approximate price for the order he is willing to deal with them. In this case, company X can not only address the plea of customer with the exact price but also very rapidly with the usage of an enterprise system. This task can be performed firmly as the enterprise systems help in integrating every detail such as client information, order, manufacturing, delivery, price of rawmaterials, chemical formulae, time taken in the inventory, packaging costs and many more. These enterprise systems can also be customized in special cases where the software systems doesnot appropriately suite the business needs. However, it is not advisable based on previous research in this field which showed the detoriation of the software system or low intensity performance in case of any major changes made. Thus, it is advisable to gain maximum benefit out of these enterprise system softwares by tuning them to the business of interest. Like many...

Words: 473 - Pages: 2

Premium Essay

Introduction

...Introduction The word consumerism, “consumer” means the customer or user and “ism” means movement. In year 1920, the movement started to protect the interest of the consumer. Consumerism or also known as consumer movement, consumer protection or consumer activism are those who inform and protects consumers by involving in practices such as honest advertising and packaging, improved safety standard of products and services, and product guarantees. It is the effort of the organization by individuals, government or groups that help protect consumer rights to a fair business practices. The main objective of this movement is to unite the consumer, educate them and fight for their rights. In today world, it is said that consumer is the king and centre of all business. An organization priority depends on the consumer for its growth in the business sector and not on its survival alone. But in the real world, consumer position is treated differently. Consumer are more like a victim that are being exploited by sellers that charges higher prices for goods and services, supplying poor quality products, misleading advertisement and etc. Consumerism is important to consumer because it helps in protecting the consumer interest from the unethical business community that charges higher prices, keeping stocks to create artificial shortage and supplying inferior goods. Besides that, it also aims in educating them about their rights as a consumer and informing the precaution steps for the...

Words: 789 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Introduction

...Introduction Hello My Name is Jennifer, My profession is Medical Assisting, Patient Care Assisting, and some Medical Office duties currently at Schilling Gardens the Arbors. My degree program is Medical Office Professional and I am currently beginning my Associates Degree here at Concorde. I am currently not working in my field of Medical Office at this time due to work force here in Memphis. I can really say that the office is really where I want to be in the near future. I have worked in medical office field before I changed due to my employer relocating to another state. So I took up the career of Medical Assisting because I wanted to be universal in the medical field stand point. For example, if I wanted to work in the front office I could, if I wanted to medically assist, and even patient care assist the patient I could do that as well. So really I have the experience in all fields. Two characteristic that describe me is that I am very humble and quiet until I figure person or situation out. I work well with others; I am very nice until you take my kindness for weakness. I mostly stay to myself because I don’t like a lot of drama. I work very hard for my family and I am very happy with my life. I chose to come back to Concorde because I realized that this school shaped me into being a professional in the world today. Concorde learned me how to maintain a business prospective and they gave me a lot of potential on how to carry myself. So when people look at me and say...

Words: 417 - Pages: 2

Free Essay

Introduction

...Introduction A1 Technical Solutions, LLC is investors enabling the organization to develop becoming a staple within the IT consulting market. We are seeking $900,000 which will be used in establishing company headquarters, employee salaries for the first year, and providing employee benefits. Additional funds will ultimately contribute to providing our clients superior customer service, enhanced on-site contractor knowledge and greater advertising; inevitably creating larger profit margins. Currently, A1 Technical Solutions, LLC is in the process of establishing a company location, hiring more personnel, securing employee skill enhancement resources, as well as employee benefits, equipment and superb marketing. Chief Officers Mr. Julian A. Shelton and Ms. Anntoinette Brown have collectively invested $100,000 of their own money towards the start-up of the company. Based out of the Washington, DC metropolitan area, we are a start-up consulting firm devoted to servicing the comprehensive IT needs of businesses. Our core staff of experienced and certified professionals, along with their team-oriented approach to consulting projects, is able to provide an exceptionally structured quality service far exceeding our competitors. Present day companies rely on their internal network infrastructure to maintain effective productivity. Data and its availability are essential in enabling a company to earn a return of its investment. Our company is on the brink of penetrating...

Words: 964 - Pages: 4

Premium Essay

Introduction

... Title | Page No. | 01 | INTRODUCTION * Objective * Scope * limitation | 2-5 | 02 | RESEARCH METHODOLOGY * Type of research * Type of data used * Method of data collection | 6-8 | 03 | COMPANY PROFILE * Introduction of company * History,vision,mission * Organization structure * Social Responsibility * Product * Environment * Certification * Achievement & Awards | 9-25 | 04 | FUNCTIONAL AREA * Human resource management * Finance management * Production management * Marketing management | 26-32 | 05 | LEARNING | 33 | 06 | FINDING AND SUGGESTION | 34 | 07 | QUESTIONARIES | 35-44 | 08 | BIBILIOGRAPHY | 45 | Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT:- The problem is preparation of the design of the research project. It includes export introduce to mineral water or mountain water. The project undertaken aims to find out the selling and marketing of mineral water or mountain water. The Act introduced to professional development for patents. In an effort to differentiate one brand from another. Some companies have introduced to vitamins ingredients. To sales with water flavoring about various industry efforts to improve. The naturals has introduced made with production and marketing reduce the products. The nutrition facts it stated that the organic shelled of introduced to the product. To the introduction of a variety of drinks marketed as delivering...

Words: 3343 - Pages: 14

Premium Essay

Introduction

...Introduction and Conclusion Latonya Ballard Com/156 September 7, 2012 Lugene Rosen “What can you say about a person that does want to change their life?’ It can be hard to make life changes; people may be dealing with everyday problems that they need to put effort to. ‘How can people make smart choices while eating right and exercising?’ It is daily activities that can be done to improve the ability to get the body are shape to live a long time. The more a person chose to eat the right nutrients and have vitamins in their body the more they will stay healthy. The average person think if they eat what they chose to eat they will live a long time, but it is up to the person in general to chose what lifestyle they want to live. A person has to get enough physical activities to burn any calories to stay in shape. If a person eat in moderation the weight will come off quick, and then the foods he/she chooses can benefit a heart healthy life. If people eat a well-balance diet and exercising it can help the heart stay stronger. Healthy eating will keep you living longer, and help you stay heart health with a balance diet. People should consider eating healthy and exercising to live longer. Most people in society have busy lives and do not think about eating healthy. It is a convenience for someone to stop and get fast foods; it can clog the arteries in the heart with fat and cholesterol. However, people that eat unhealthy and do not exercise will have a slow metabolism. It will...

Words: 1115 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Introduction

...Introduction Globalisation is a complex contemporary issue posing challenges for international businesses and it is essential for them to respond to the challenges appropriately in order to succeed (Dunning, 1999). This essay will examine the issue of globalisation with a focus on business schools. It will also attempt to analyse how global business education providers have adapted in order to satisfy the requirements of local students. The analysis will further examine the wider connotations of the phenomenon as an important contemporary challenge faced by modern businesses and managers (Andrews) Globalisation- A Paradox Academics have highlighted the debate and development of globalisation and its effect on businesses and education(). Guttal (2006) recognises the discrepancy in the ideology and reality of the effects of globalisation and argues that globalisation may bring prosperity, increased access to knowledge and better living standards, through the creation of positive economic and political convergences there are risks, as it can also be viewed as antagonistic and hegemonic towards local populations and economies. (example) Global Expansion – Opportunities and Challenges Levene (2010) muses that globalisation is a contemporary issue for businesses expanding internationally. It is suggested that rapid changes due to globalisation have an enormous influence on global demand for education().Moreover, it is argued that global sustainability is a key factor in the future...

Words: 1234 - Pages: 5

Premium Essay

Introduction

...[pic] BU 353 - Introduction to Risk Management and Insurance |Instructor |Heather Graham | |Office | NA. | |Phone: |Ext | |E-mail |Please use MLS for all course related questions, and hgraham@insuranceinstitute.ca for other questions | |Office Hours |By appointment only | Course Description This course will examine techniques and policies used by organisations and individuals for managing risks within the Canadian marketplace. In addition to addressing how to identify, evaluate and manage these risks, the course will also focus attention upon the analysis of insurance markets and the incentives conveyed by these markets for managing risk. Particular attention is paid to homeowner’s and private passenger automobile insurance. Course Objectives Increase students’ knowledge of insurance and the insurance industry, develop educated consumers and prepare students for careers within the Canadian insurance industry. Textbook and Course Materials: ...

Words: 918 - Pages: 4