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Investigatory Project

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esEFFECTS OF BEHAVIOR OF SELECTED 4TH YEAR STUDENTS
OF LICEO DE SAN PEDRO TOWARDS THEIR ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE
A.Y 2013-2014

A Research paper
Presented to the Faculty of the English Department

In partial fulfillment with the requirements for English IV

Barcelona, Nikka Garcia, Alvin
Baluyut, Carl Janson Lagac, Ma. Jeremay Arjen T.
Emalay, Gabrianne B. Molinyawe, Shaira
Enriquez, Edward D. Rabanal, Joan Marie
Enriquez, Jazzmin O Uy, Joachim Rey B.

January 2014

Chapter I

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Introduction Behavior is one of the most important aspects for all students to be not just good on their academic performance but also for other people’s perception to them like their teachers, administrators and also their principal. Different students have different behaviors based on their experience, status and their vision in life. Because of these aspects, student behavior can be affected whether positively or negatively. Academic performance will surely be affected because of different factors revolving around the student. As an effect, students with good behavior and good study habits will certainly excel on their academic performance while students with poor behavior and poor study habits might likely fail on their academic performance status. However, good behavior will not always lead to a good academic performance. It is cited on the research that even students with good behavior tend to have poor academic performance. Thus, proposes that such behavior must directly be linked to the improvement of students’ academic performance. Behavior is a response which an individual shows to his environment at different time. In addition, Bacuyag (2011) said in his article, “the importance of attitude” our attitude determines our approach to life. Our attitude tells us what we expect from life. If our attitude towards the world is optimistic, we will receive excellent results, if we feel bad about our world we seem to gain only negative feedbacks. Our attitudes and actions toward life help determine what will happen to us. We, as a student of Liceo de San Pedro, want to conduct a study about effects of behavior towards academic performance to not just fourth year students but also all students of Liceo de San Pedro. For them to improve the skill, knowledge and to be good not just in academic but also in behavioral aspect. After we conduct this study we will be able to prove that there are many ways to change student’s poor behavioral habits that can affect their academic performance and also to motivate parents to enroll their sons and daughters here in Liceo for them to see that the school has good teaching background as well as behavrioral discipline.In this way the researchers will take pride on their “Alma mater”

Theoretical Framework According to Skinner’s Science and Human Behavior (1953) Behavior is related directly to the nature of the environmental consequence that follows the performance of that behavior. From this basic tenet he derived a set of procedures for modifying behavior by a method called Operant conditioning Specifically, behavior is strengthened or increase in frequency when followed by either positive or negative consequence. Behavior is weakened or decreased in frequency. When allowed by a negative consequence or removal of positive consequence. There is also a study about factor that can also affect the students to their academic performance. According to Zimmerman ,Khoury,Vega, Gil, and Warheit (1995) teachers’ attitude may also have a drastic effect on students’ ability to learn ,their self-esteem and ultimately their academic performance. Furthermore, Eagly, and Chaiken (1998) mentioned that attitude can be defined as a positive or negative evaluation of people, objects, event, activities, ideas, or just about anything in your environment, but there is debate about precise definitions. For example,they define attitude as "a psychological tendency that is expressed by evaluating a particular entity with some degree of favor or disfavor”. Meanwhile,Wood (2000)- claimed that this definition of attitude allows for one's evaluation of an attitude object to vary from extremely negative to extremely positive, but also admits that people can also be conflicted or ambivalent toward an object meaning that they might at different times express both positive and negative attitude toward the same object. This has led to some discussion of whether individual can hold multiple attitudes toward the same object. According to Ferguson, T. J., (2004) Explicit measures can also be used by measuring the straightforward attribution of characteristics to nominate groups, such as "I feel that Baptists are....?" or "I think that men are...? Like scales and other self-reports According to Whitley, B. E. (2010) Implicit measures are not consciously directed and are assumed to be automatic, which may make implicit measures more valid and reliable than explicit measures (such as self-reports). For example, people can be motivated such that they find it socially desirable to appear to have certain attitudes. An example of this is that people can hold implicit prejudice.

Independent variable

STUDENTS’
BEHAVIOR

Dependent variable
Effect
-Laziness/Dilligency
-good/Bad academic result
-Failing/Passing grades
Research Paradigm

Statement of the Problem

The study aimed to find effects of behavior of selected 4th year students towards
Their academic performance A.Y. 2013-2014 Specially, it sought to answer the following questions
1. What are the different behaviors of the students?
2. What is the relationship between students’ behavior and performance?
3. What recommendations can be given to solve the existing problem?

Scope and Delimitation This study is about the effect of behavior to students of Liceo de San Pedro towards their Academic performance. This involves all top 10 of 4th year level with the total of 70 respondents.

Significance of the Study This research is important to various sectors of the academe,
To the Administrators-This research is important to the administrators for them to improve their disciplinary and guidance methods towards the students and enrollees and for the to present Liceo as a good school to start with for incoming students who will study on this academia.
To the Teachers- This research is important for the teachers of Liceo de San Pedro for them to improve teaching approach towards their students and also for them to understand the different teaching styles that can be used for the students to more good.
To the Students -This research is important for the students of Liceo de San Pedro for them to prove their relationship to their teachers regarding academics and for them to realize what attitudes can really influence them and lastly, for them to be proud and thankful to their Alma Mater.
To the Future Researchers-This research is important for the Future Researchers because this could serve as a substantialguide or reference material to their present study.

Definition of Terms

Academic Performance- It is the result or the work done of the students in terms of their studies and also this can serve as your feedback on what are you doing at school.

Behavior- It pertains to one’s action or attitude whether it is bad or good this can reflect to his/her as a man person, it is also a way a person wants to show to other people.

Positive Behavior- it’s a good type of attitude or behavior because it is the behavior where a person shows a good manner and right conduct to other people around him.

Negative Behavior- this is the counterpart of a positive behavior because this type of behavior pertains to bad behavior and also not showing good manners and right conduct to others. Many people didn’t like this kind of behavior.

Chapter III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY AND DESIGN

This chapter presents as an elaboration of the research method, the selection of participants or the respondents of the study, the research instrument, the procedure in the development and validation of the instrument, the distribution and administration of questionnaires and the statistical treatments of data.

Research Paradigm

The researchers used the Descriptive Design, according to the authorities this examines a phenomena, group of people, idea or theory with a particular focus on facts and conditions of the subject one in which information is collected without changing the environment (i.e., nothing is manipulated). Sometimes these are referred to as ”correlational” or “observational” studies

Respondents of the study

The respondents of this study were the selected 4th year students of Liceo de San Pedro. The respondents were composed of 10 out of 47 in every section of the 4th year students. The researchers had decided to select the 4th year students because they have more experience in life about the effects of different behavior to their academic performance. Their perceptions will serve as the primary basis of this research.

Research Instruments

The researchers employed the use of questionnaires survey method. According to authorities, questionnaires are used for structured interviews, written surveys. It consists of various specific questions which we believe that this will gather information from the respondents. A survey is a data collection tool used to gather information about individuals. This survey serves as the instrument of our research for us to be able to have the effects of behavior towards academic performance.

Research Procedures First, our English teacher discussed us about research writing and taught us everything we need to know about it.He told the researchers about possible problems and guided them on the title formulation of this research. During the survey questionnaire formulation, the researchers used their first-hand experiences as basis of completing the list of factors,that might possibly affect the students’ academic performance.

Statistical Treatment The researchers used the Percentage Formula in order to interpret the data gathered. It can also be called as the Percentage Calculator. According to http://ncalculators.com/number-conversion/percentage calculator.htm, percentage Calculator is a mathematical tool used in number conversion to calculate the percentage of a given quantity relative to whole number of quantity. A percentage is a way of expressing any quantity as a fraction of 100 to a whole and it is represented by the symbol %. The simplest way to calculate percentage is to divide the given number by the relative total number and then multiplying the answer by 100 will gives the percentage. The percentage of a relative quantity can be mathematically derived from the below formula.
The given formula is: p P = ‾‾‾‾‾ X 100 % n

Where: P = Percentage p = partial number n = total number 100 % = that converts the result into percentage

Chapter II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter merely points out the facts and information about the study. It consists of same developed matter and under constructional procedure about the topic.

Behavior is one’s action in general or on particular occasions and conduct. It is the ways that behave. You can refer to typical and repeated way of behaving as a behavior. Some example of behavior are rambling, talkativeness and side conversation that. Rambling is the wandering around and off the subject, using far-fettered examples analogies. The talkativeness is everything, manipulation, and chronic whining. And the other one is the side conversations that is related to the subject, personal or distracts group member and you. Understanding the root causes of behavior problems in children is critical to enduring proper treatment. Too often people go on the old standard theories and treat the child with a purely “behavioral approach”. These theories are not the “be all and end all” answer for every behavior, which too many assume it to be. Each child is unique and must be treated as such. What explains behavior problems in one may not in another what treatment works for one, may not work for another? Previous research has indicated that behavioral disturbances predict lower scores on academic tests and curtail educational attainment. It is unknown which types of childhood behavioral problems are most likely to predict these costumes. The connection between cognitive function and aggressive behavior appears to be an object of much discussion in the psychological community. Aggressive tendencies were studied in relations to students’ grade point averages at a small Midwestern university. The hypothesis stated that students with higher levels of “internalized” aggression would have higher grade point averages than students who have higher levels of “externalized” aggression. One hundred students from a Midwestern university participated in the study. A modified version of aggression and grade point averages. In the future this may work and serve as starting point for research about the effects of competition in an academic setting. The aggression questionnaire (Buss and Perry 1992) was developed to replace the popular Hostility inventory (Buss and Durkee 1957) that yielded inconsistent results when used in other studies and appeared difficult for participants to complete accurately. The researchers constructed this survey by breaking down the broad spectrum of aggression into four factors , Physical Aggression, Verbal Aggression , Anger and Hostility, Physical Aggression involve the direct harming of others thought different outlets . Anger represents emotional component of behavior that emphasizes how quickly an individual is to resort to aggressive behavior. Hostility encompasses cognitive behavior and a person’s unsetting feelings of ill will in society and a sense of distrust. The questionnaire offers insight how aggression shapes personality and in what ways it affects cognitive functioning. In view of what is known about behavior, aggression appears to have substantial effects on a person’ cognitions even at a young age studied a group of children in the second grade for a relationship between aggressive tendencies and creative thought patterns. Their research yielded interesting results as aggressive behaviors increased, levels of creativity increased, the data goes against the negative connotation of aggression that is commonly accepted in society. Helibron and Prinstein (2008) suggested that this aggressive behavior emanates out of necessity in childhood, and that individuals receive emotional and social rewards as well as intellectual superiority over their peers from this behavior. Another study examined the connections between aggression and verbal reasoning among young and adults (Kikas, Peets, Tropp and Hinn 2009). Interestingly, their research showed a negative correlation between cognitive functioning and aggressive tendencies. Their findings indicated that when cognitive function in relation to verbal reasoning increased, aggressive behavior decreased, these discrepancies in differing results undefined the importance of continued research in aggression. Other research has observed the passive effects of aggression due to stress on an individual’s emotional state ( Luutonen,2007, Smekal 2011, Xiu Xian 2012). It seems like there may be goals to aggressive behavior (i.e students works hard in school to compete against his peers) and that emotional anger may seeks to resolve these goals Luutonen (2007) stressed out interconnectivity among human emotions expresses why stress could bring about this type of behavior, the goal could be to seek out a stressor and then suppress it. Moreso, Al-Ali (2011) in his current research indicates that while stress levels increase so do levels of aggression especially in young adults who attempt to balance social status and academic prowess. Warren, Richardson, and McQuillin ( 2011) offered insight on the social scenarios in which a student may be more inclined to use factor, a young adult’s academic performance may be swayed either positively or negatively depending on the situation. They indicated that the supposed destructive impact of aggression may not be as pronounced if directs his or her aggression into an constructive outlet. In addition to internal factors, Garandeau, Ahn, and Rodkin (2011) pointed out that external factors appear to have an effect on how a child performs in an academic setting. One study in particular posited that aggressive behavior allows students to “increase their social standing among peers” by being perceived as “popular”. They proposed that this type of reward based aggressive behavior tends to be more self-destructive than constructive. Parents and teachers may also have an effect on a student’s academic performance as they use their authoritative positions to manipulate a child’s behavior to fit their expectations (Stipek and Miles,2008). This study offers that extrinsic motivation from peers and people in authority shape an individual’s behavior, and that motivation may not be limited to intrinsic goals. Human behavior can be impacted by many factors, one of which is. Everyone has different traits such as intelligence and shyness, which are inherited from their parents. These traits impact human behavior and there are indications that behavior is affected by genetics. First, behavior differs from species to species. For example, the behavior of a human is different from that of a chickadee. Second, behavior can be reproduced in consecutive generations of humans. In each generation of people, similar behaviors shall occur. Third, biological structures can be changed resulting in behavior changes. For example, if one develops a brain injury, one can change from being generally polite to being overly aggressive. Another way behavior can be affected is by one's upbringing. For example, certain behaviors that can occur from a mental illness that runs in the family. Fourth, the evolutionary history of genetics has a big impact on behavior. All species have DNA which can bind them all together. Geneticists are now able to introduce or exclude specific genes, and can therefore manipulate not only traits, but behaviors arising from those traits. However, one gene by itself does not create a specific behavior. Behaviors be affected by traits, which can be characterized as the result of a specific combination of multiple genes, and these traits can also be affected by different factors. Environment, for example, is amongst the primary factors affecting trait development. Genes can be manipulated and modified and the environment can increase certain outcomes of genes. Understanding genetics in relation to behavior is difficult and research is currently ongoing An individual’s behavior varies depending on the group(s) they are a part of, a characteristic of society that allows to norms heavily impact society. Without social norms, human society would not function as it currently does; humans would have to be more abstract in their behavior, as there would not be a pre-tested 'normal' standardized lifestyle, and individuals would have to make many more choices for themselves. The institutionalization of norms is, however, inherent in human society perhaps as a direct result of the desire to be accepted by others, which leads humans to manipulate their own behavior in order to 'fit in' with others. Depending on their nature and upon one's perspective, norms can impact different sections of society both positively (e.g. eating, dressing warm in the winter) and negatively (e.g. racism, drug use).

Chapter IV

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter deals primarily, analysis, and interpretation of data gather to determine the “Effects of Behavior Towards Academic Performance” of the selected 4th year students of Liceo de San Pedro.

The graph shows that 40% of the students believe that their parents are helpful to their study, and 32.86% said that their gadgets which are really helpful to them while 18.57% said that it’s their friends while the least of the population which is 8.57% said its money. It evidently manifested that parents can be a great help for the students to be good in their studies.

The graph shows that 70% of the students believe that listening to their teacher is the best way to improve their study, While 22.86% believe that Reading books would the best way and 7.14% of the population said it’s by forgetting your problems during class hours. It is evidently manifested that most of the student preferred to listen to their adviser to improve their study. The graph shows that 81.43% of the students said that the environment in the classroom can only affect them sometimes While 14.29% answered that they’ve been always affected by their classroom’s environment and just 7.14% answered Never. It is evidently manifested that most of them was sometimes affected by what is happening on their classroom.

The graph shows that 42.86% of the students believe that financial problem can really affect their study While 35.71% said that it’s their family problem that really affects them to their study and 21.43% of them said that it’s their love-life. It is evidently manifested that most of the students have money difficulties to sustain their study.

The graph shows that 42.86% of the students believes that financial problem can Sometimes affects their study while 40% of them answered Yes and the 17.14% answered No. It is evidently manifested that students troubles about money sometimes.

The graph shows that 70% of the students Yes While 30% of them answered No. It means that most of them believe that personal life can affect their study. It’s evidently manifested on their attitude and performance of students in the classroom.

The graph shows that 75.71% of the students answered “Yes” while 24.29% answered “No”. It means that most of them believe that their behavior can affect their academic performance. It’s evidently manifested that behavior can really affect the performance of the students.

The graph shows that 92.86% of the students answered “Yes” and only 7.14 answered “No”. It means that almost all of them believe that it is important to be good on their behavior and at the same time their academic study. It’s evidently manifested that most of the students had a good behavior and performance.

The graph shows that 78.57% of the students answered “Yes” and 21.43% answered “No”. It means that most of them is affected by the teacher’s teaching style. It’s evidently manifested to the way how their teacher teaches them and show attitudes to them.

The graph shows that 84.29% of the students answered “Yes” and 15.71% of them answered “No”. It means that most of them think that a good behavior can always lead to a good performance. It is evidently manifested in the performance of students.

Chapter V SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS This chapter gives a summary of the findings, together with the conclusion and recommendations of the study. A. Summary of Findings Multiple Choice * The 1st graph identified that 40% of the population of the student believes that their parents is an important factor to help their study while 32.86% said its their gadget which is very helpful to them and 18.57% of them said its their friends and also 8.57% of the population of the student answered money. * The 2nd graph identified that 70% of the population of the student believes that the best way to improve their study is by listening to their teacher while 22.86% of the population prefer reading books to improve their study and 7.14% of them think it’s good to forget their problems during class hours. * The 3rd graph identified that 81.43% of the population believes that their classroom can affect them sometimes while 14.29% of them told that they’re always been affected by the environment on their classroom and the 7.14% of them has been never affected by it. * The 4th graph identified that 42.86% of the population believes that financial problem is the one that really affects their study while 35.71% of them told its their family problem which really affects them and 21.43% of their population told its their love-life problem. * The 5th graph identified that 40% of the population believes that when they have a financial problem it can really affects their study and 42.86% for those students who told that this problem can just affects them sometimes unlike to the 7.14% of the population they told that they’re not been affected. Yes/No * The 6th graph identified that 70% of the population believes that their personal life can merely affects their study while 30% of them tell it’s not. * The 7th graph identified that 75.71% of the population believes that their present behavior can their academic performance while 24.29% of them answered “No”. * The 8th graph identified that almost 92.86% of the students believes that it is important to have a good and pleasing behavior and at the same time a good academic performance and just 7.14% of the population didn’t agree. * The 9th graph identified that 78.57% of the population believes that teaching styles of the teachers can really affect their performance in class while 21.43% of them are not. * The last graph identified that 84.29% of the population believes that a good behavior can always lead to a good academic performance while 15.71% of them didn’t agree to that perception.

Conclusions
Based on the data gathered, the research concluded the following; 1. We therefore conclude that students have different behavior resulting from their personal life, Problems and also because of other people around them making them to have a bad behaviors like laziness, misconduct, disrespect to teachers, cheating on class, and also cutting classes, But also because of those factors this can also makes them have a good behavioral attributes like courage, respect, honesty on class, and attending class always and on time. 2. We therefore conclude that there are many relationship between students behavior and their academic performance because based on our research students have different behavior and because of this behaviors their performance will surely be affected just for example is when a student acts bad in the eyes on his/her teacher this will now be a deduction not just on their grades but also on the teachers expectation to them in class, Unlike when a student show goodness on his/her teacher even though he’s not that good intellectually by just listening on what he’s teacher is saying he’ll be good not just in behavior but also in academics. Other relations between those two is the students attitude that is the result of different factors like gadgets, parents, friends, money, and the environment where he’s moving on his classroom these factors can merely affect students behavior just for example is the time when a student didn’t like the environment on he’s classroom even though he is good academically and behaviorally he can’t be able to show his real talent because he didn’t like the classroom’s environment. Also when you have so many gadgets and money this can affect your behavior by addiction to this factor that can lead for a student not to take seriously his her study and lastly is the student’s love-life this can have a good and bad effects to the behavior and of course to the academic performance of the students because when a student have a love-life he will an inspiration to study hard and he will think that he need to study hard for his love ones while the bad effect is when a student execute a misconduct like cutting class, being late, texting on class hours, and the worse the girl in the relationship can become pregnant at a young age this will destroy not just students’ academic performance but also the student’s life. 3. We therefore conclude that they’re a solutions to this existing problem these are the things which is very important to the students which is their parents. It’s because our parents is our supporter in life they’re the one who gives us the pencil for us to design our life and they’re also the eraser for us to know our errors and misconduct to life. Other way is to always keep in mind that it is important to listen to other people’s opinion when you have a problem because problem can abolish our goal to life. By this you can solve your problems easy. Recommendation This research studies about effects of behavior towards academic performance. The researchers want to recommend things to the different sectors of the academe,
To the Administrators –We recommend for the administrators to manage an open forum year by year for them to know the current status of the students for them to know the different problems of the students whether it is financial or family problem they can easily solve it and have a fast and reliable actions to it. To the Teachers – We recommend teachers to improve their teaching styles and strategies for the students to be more inspired on listening to them and also improve the way they show their attitude to the students they must become a good example to their students and lastly is they must accompany and assist their students when their student didn’t understand the topic they were teaching. To the Students – We recommend the students to be aware of the different bad effects of their behavior to their academic status. They must be inform how to manage and tell problems to friends, parents, teachers, and specially is telling his/her problems to God. They must also aware how to limit themselves to gadgets they must know how to manage time in using their gadgets that can lead to severe addiction to it resulting from a bad academic results. Lastly is that students must not exchange their study to their boyfriend or girlfriend. They must think that love will come to them whatever they do just wait the right time for them. To the Future Researchers- We recommend the future researchers to somehow improve or look for more things that is related on this study. I also recommend them to study this because this is very important for all students not just to know the importance of behavior related to the academic performance of the student but also to inform the future researchers that problems may always come and solutions will always come just like on this thesis solution is serve.

Appendix

SURVEY OF GROUP 2 “EFFECTS OF BEHAVIOR OF SELECTED 4TH YEAR STUDENTS TOWARDS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE A.Y.2013-2014
Name ____________________
Section ___________________

I. Choose a letter of your answer
____1. Which among these factors is helpful to your study? a. Gadgets b. Parents c. Friends D. Money
_____2. Which is the best way to improve your study? a. Reading books b. Listening to your teacher c. Forget your problems in class hours ______3. Does the environment at your classroom affects your performance in class? a. Always b. Sometimes c. Never ______4. Which personal problem really affects your behavior? a. Financial b. Family c. Love-life ______5. If you have a financial problem do you think it affects your study? a. Yes b. No c. Sometimes

II. Answer Yes or No _____1. Does your personal life affects your study? _____2. Do you think the behavior you have can affect your academic performance? _____3. Is it important to be good not only in your behavior but also in your studies? _____4. Does the teachings style of the teacher affects your study? _____5. Do you think a good behavior can always lead to a good academic performance?

Abstract

This study was conducted and intended to determine the effects of behaviour of selected 4th year students towards their academic performance A.Y. 2013-2014 The researchers have chosen 70 respondents coming from the seven sections of the Senior level: 10 from Saint Basil the Great, 10 from Saint Albert the Great, 10 from St Jerome, 10 from Saint Gregory the Great, 10 from Saint Thomas Aquinas, 10 from Saint Ambrose, and 10 from Saint Bonaventure.
Behaviour, being one of the main factors that student should be aware of by maintaining their academic studies. It is very significant for many to have knowledge and understanding so that students can be prepared in them as they grow up and pursue in their respective careers.
It is important to know the factors that act as a fence for them in assessing the said medium of thoughts so that they can find solutions to lessen their struggles in terms of the behaviour.
From the Introduction up to the Research Procedure, ideas and circulating thoughts, details and information about the topic were further elaborated. The questionnaires distributed to the students were composed of several questions to attain the date needed. Questions about their perceptions were much present in the questionnaire. The Statistical Treatment used was the Percentage Formula. The partial number, total number and 100 % that converts the result into percentage were the statistical tools used in presenting the conditions of the topic being researched about The results showed were very clear and have showcased varieties of answers. Most of them regard a good behaviour as an important tool and a big role in order to learn and also, they are involved in determining to have a good and pleasing behaviour but there are certain things that make it difficult for them such as the their knowledge, the community, the people they are with, their problems, their peers and others. Through this, steps on how to reduce the hardships experienced by them should be considered to provoke them more to learn and assess what they need.
Therefore, based on the gathered data and the findings obtained, students really needs take notice the different factors that can affect their behaviour, whether it’s going to have a good effects or not to the students who takes place of answering on our existing problem.

ACKNOWLEDGENT

The researchers would like to extend their gratitude and appreciation to those people who helped them to do their research, perhaps without them they would not be able to come up in a good research.
First and foremost, for almighty God for giving us strength, gratitude, knowledge and power to overcome this challenge that he had given to us and also for giving us faith and inspiration in this study.
To their family, for giving them support and unconditional love that can give them more power and strength to do this research.
To their research and class adviser, Mr.Alson Rae F. Luna, for the support, time, and help them to be able to come up with a good research and also for his non-stop reminders on what should be done in this research.
To their classmate and friends, for all assistance and motivation they had given and also for their moral support and helpful opinions.
To their Alma Mater, Liceo de San Pedro, for allowing them to use those facilities and resources needed.
And lastly, to their co-researchers for all the appreciation and hardwork they have contributed to this research. Thanks a lot.

Thank you, God bless The Researchers
Bibliography

Website: * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_behavior * http// www.sensory-processing.Disorder.com * www.usu.edu/psy3510/prejudice.HTML * www.mckendree.edu/web/scholars/summer2013/kelly.htm * www.apa.org/ethics/code2002.html

Books: * Eagly, Alice H., and Shelly Chaiken. 1998. “Attitude Structure and Function.” In Handbook of Social Psychology, ed. D.T. Gilbert, Susan T. Fisk, and G. Lindsey, 269–322. New York: McGowan-Hill. * Wood, Wendy. 2000. “Attitude Change: Persuasion and Social Influence.” Annual Review of Psychology 51: 539–70. doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.51.1.539 * Whitley, B. E. (2010). The Psychology of Prejudice & Discrimination. United States: Wadsworth Engage Learning. * Csibi S. &Csibi, M. Study of aggression related to coping, self-appreciation and social support among adolescents.Nordic psychology, 63(4)

Dedication

The researchers whole heartedly offer this research to the Almighty God who gave them wisdom, strength, and courage while doing their research and helped them to overcome the struggles they encountered while conducting their research. The researches would also like to dedicate this research to their family for the financial and moral support. The researches sincerely offer this research to their teachers especially to their adviser, Mr.Alson Rae F. Luna who taught them to be responsible and always encourages them to believe in their dreams. The researchers with heartfelt gratitude would also like to offer this research to their Alma Mater and also to their administrators for molding them in their previous years as a good citizen of their own country. Lastly, the researches want to dedicate this research to the future researches as a guide and reference and for them to somehow improve this study.

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...investigatory Project The Feasibility of Saltwater as an Alternate Source of Energy Chapter I Introduction A. Background of the Study Philippines is a country that is surrounded by water. Saltwater is very abundant in our country; so, this study tries to find more uses of the saltwater. In this study, saltwater is used as a battery of a light bulb to prove that it can be a source of energy. This will possibly help solve the energy crisis that our country is suffering now. A compound can produce electric energy when it has enough oxygen in it. Saltwater is a kind of a compound that can possibly produce energy. Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) is also used in this study, to have more oxygen in the compound. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a very pale blue liquid which appears colorless in a dilute solution, slightly more viscousthan water. It is a weak acid. It has strong oxidizing properties and is therefore a powerful bleaching agent that is mostly used for bleaching paper, but has also found use as a disinfectant, as an oxidizer, as anantiseptic, and in rocketry (particularly in high concentrations as high-test peroxide or HTP) as a monopropellant, and in bipropellantsystems.[1] The oxidizing capacity of hydrogen peroxide is so strong that the chemical is considered a highly reactive oxygen species. Hydrogen peroxide is naturally produced as a byproduct of oxygen metabolism, and virtually all organisms possess enzymes known asperoxidases, which harmlessly and catalytically...

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Investigatory Project

...Science & Technology Information Center Master List of Investigatory Project 01 Investigatory projects I. Pyrolisis of plastic wastes materials for the production of plywood substitute II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. Marang (Artocarpus ordorotissimus) peelings as hardiflex – like Ethyl alcohol from ripe banana peelings Rat killer extract from tuble roots Fuel briquettes from dried banana leaves and waste papers Coconut sheath substitute of abaca fiber Commercial glue from Talisay resin Butter derive from marang (Artocarpus odoratissima) seed Marang seeds as alternative source for commercial flour 02 Investigatory projects I. II. III. IV. V. Compendium of investigatory studies Basic geological concepts Maps and compass Rocks and fire Fungus Puccinia graminis as mycoherbicide 03 Investigatory projects I. II. III. IV. Sea cucumber (Cucumaria miniamata) as a potential source of leather Fiberglass from Apitong sap (Dipterocarpus grandiflorus) Rat killer extract from tuble roots Tetrodotoxin from bile of puffer (Sphoeroides maculates) as a potential source of stem borer pesticide V. VI. VII. VIII. Glue out of cigarette filer and acetone Roof sealant out of Styrofoam and gasoline Radical pesticide from garongin Chaetomorpha aerea a potential source of biogas 04 Investigatory projects I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. Sawdust as an alternative source for corkboard Woodcraft from banana peduncle Lumber from carabao manure Herbal leaves produced herbal ointment The wonder...

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...OUTLINE OF THE SCIENCE INVESTIGATORY PROJECT COVER PAGE /TITLE PAGE ( first sheet ) ALL ACKNOWLEGEMENT ( second sheet ) Yr. 9 & 10 DEDICATION ( third sheet ) Yr. 10 TABLE OF CONTENTS ( fourth sheet or more) ALL LIST OF TABLES ( fifth sheet ) optional ABSTRACT ( Year 9 & 10 ) Yr. 9 & 10 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study *Talk about your topic. *Why did you choose that topic? *Cite the sources *Present tense, 5-6 pages B. Statement of the Problem *What is your problem? *Why do you want to study that problem? *What do you want to find out? *Future tense for proposal C. Hypothesis *What hypotheses were formulated? D. Significance of the Study *Why is the study significant? *Who will benefit from the study? E. Scope and Limitations Yr. 9 & 10 *Where will you conduct the study? *What is your sample population? *Half a page *It should consists of the following: respondents, time, locale, problem or focus of the study, population *Indicate also the...

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Investigatory Project

...Introduction The investigatory project designs to help indirectly the common people on the use of indigenous floral resources such as Alstonia Scholaris that serves as a material to regulate and inhibit biotic potential of the individual. 1.1 Background of the Study The country’s current population is estimated at 93 million people (NSO Annual Report: 2010) where about 65 percent are living in urban area and experience poverty due to the usual family practice of giving birth. Pro-RH Bill lawmakers have presented the effective measures to control the growing population and provided alternative ways to maintain reproductive health and plausible actions to that program. Amidst all the programs, poor families are seen and cannot sustain the basic necessities of their children and depriving them from enjoying the fullness what is due to for the kids. Young women whose ages range from 14-25 often experience fast hormonal secretions that usually associated with active and rapid biotic potential. Early sexual maturity becomes a primordial factor for fertility and early teenage pregnancy. This then is the scenario that strive the researchers to conduct experiment that provide information on the use of Alstonia Scholaris as a viable material for controlling population. 1.2 Statement of the Problem The project undertaken by the researchers on the Alstonia Scholaris extract as applied to “rabbit” sought to answer the following questions: 1. What is the effect of Alstonia scholaris...

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...“ Kelp (Ascophyllum Nodosom) Organic Fertilizer a Solution for Enhancing the NPK content on soil” Proponents: Welle John Palero Mariane Arciga Pia Veronica Tidalgo III- Tourmaline Mrs. Teresita B. Balaba Project Adviser Table of Contents Abstract . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . i Acknowledgement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii Chapter I Background of the Study . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-2 Statement of the Problem Statement of the Objective Statement of the Hypothesis Significance of the Study Scope and limitations Definitions and Terms Chapter II Review of Related Literature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3-6 Chapter III Methodology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Flow Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Chapter IV Results and Discussions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9-11 Chapter V Conclusion and Recommendation . . . . . ....

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Investigatory Project

...“Vinegar Battery” INTRODUCTION We all know that the world is now facing an energy crisis and everyone is trying to do something about that. I noticed in our electricity bill that we are paying much for it. So, I came up with this investigatory project as an alternative source of electricity. This is simple and can be homemade. . Now you can show everyone that electrical energy or electricity can be made from air and vinegar. After all, vinegar are freely available everywhere. Also, this will be useful if there is brownout and science model for elementary students like me. First, we need to get the material for the project. Here is the list: 1. A miniature board to mount the miniature base – it can be a piece of thick plywood. 2. Plastic container small 3. Miniature light bulb (low voltage, low current) 4. Pair of insulated solid copper wire 5. 2 Pair of alligator clips 6. Galvanized nails – (zinc electrodes) it can be found in hardware stores. 7. Copper wires – (copper electrodes) 8. Screws for the miniature base 9. Vinegar – 4% acidic solution Procedures: 1. Remove the plastic insulation of about one inch from both ends of the wires. 2. Connect the end of red wire to red alligator clips for both ends. Do the same for the black wire with the black alligator clips. 3. Loosen the screws on both contacts of the bulb holder. Place one end of the red alligator clip on right screw and connect the black alligator clip on the left screw...

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...OUTLINE OF THE SCIENCE INVESTIGATORY PROJECT COVER PAGE /TITLE PAGE ( first sheet ) ALL ACKNOWLEGEMENT ( second sheet ) Yr. 9 & 10 DEDICATION ( third sheet ) Yr. 10 TABLE OF CONTENTS ( fourth sheet or more) ALL LIST OF TABLES ( fifth sheet ) optional ABSTRACT ( Year 9 & 10 ) Yr. 9 & 10 CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study *Talk about your topic. *Why did you choose that topic? *Cite the sources *Present tense, 5-6 pages B. Statement of the Problem *What is your problem? *Why do you want to study that problem? *What do you want to find out? *Future tense for proposal C. Hypothesis *What hypotheses were formulated? D. Significance of the Study *Why is the study significant? *Who will benefit from the study? E. Scope and Limitations Yr. 9 & 10 *Where will you conduct the study? *What is your sample population? *Half a page *It should consists of the following: respondents, time, locale, problem or focus of the study, population *Indicate also the...

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Investigatory Project

...Abstract The researchers’ experiment aimed to determine what material would stay and remain the same with the most heat after being heated and cooled. In this way, one could see how climate in different countries and places are being affected with the materials around them. In this experiment, the materials that were used were water, salt, oil, 2 thermometers, containers, lamp/flashlight and a stopwatch. All these materials were arranged in a way that light from the lamp could be directly reach the 2 containers; this point was where the temperature of each was being recorded with the time allotted. In order to come up with a good result, the temperature was being checked after every five minutes and placed into data. The procedure was done three times for every material for the three trials. After testing, the oil absorbed a lot of heat, the water absorbed a little heat but kept it in while the soil did not absorbed much heat but when after, it was released easily. This experiment was to show how heat was being absorbed and released by different materials around. In this manner, one could associate it with the climate; how the materials surrounding the place can affect the climate and the specific materials that would greatly affect the climate in one place. CHAPTER 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE Introduction Climate change is a lasting and significant change in the distribution of weather patterns over a period of time that may be ranging from decades to even millions...

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Investigatory Project

...Investigatory Project Pila Conica: A Specie Fighting for its Survival- A Bio-Index Outlook The Pila conica, also known as the native apple snail, grow widely in our wetlands. This was a very good source of protein among farmers before. The presence of its alien counterpart, the Pomacea canaliculata, caused for its rapid extinction. The core purpose of this research is to determine which species has the highest biodiversity in six randomly –selected areas guided by the hypothesis that both species have the same biodiversity. In the experimentations, the researcher first gathered the materials needed. Then, the researcher selected qualified experimental sites and finalized it through fishbowl method. The researcher then counts the species in each experimental site. The researcher did this twice for more accurate results. Two-pair group designs were used in recording data. The researcher then compared results using the t-test. Finally, a generalization was made. The researcher computed a t value of 5.94 and 11.02 in the first and second sub-problem respectively. Both t values were significant at 5% level of probability when the degree of freedom is equivalent to 10. The results have shown above merely shows the large biodiversity of Pomacea canaliculata in our wetlands. This means that the native apple snails were really deprived of their habitat, food and other resources because of the presence of Pomacea canaliculata. The researcher recommends further studies...

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Investigatory Project

...Group 1 Chapter 1: Problem Natural Pesticide A. Introduction Philippines is a tropical country. Filipinos’ source of livelihood is from different fields especially in the field of agriculture. Many Filipinos researches more things that can help them in having larger amount of products. They do this for a better quality and quantity of the products they want to sell. Making researches and discoveries help in the development of the agricultural field in the country. For every development there are problems that arouse. In the farm all over the country, we, Filipinos have our problems about pests that destroy our crops. Locusts, grasshoppers, caterpillars and rats are the major animals and pests that are the big problems of the farmers. That’s why different materials are used and different chemicals are applied to our crops. One of the most used chemical is the Pesticide. Pesticides are widely used by farmers to get rid of pests in the farm. Commercial or branded pesticides are used in farms which are easily found in different stores all over the country. But due to the over using of chemicals, many problems arouse. Water pollution, land and air pollution are the product of the too much use of these chemicals. That’s why experts propose that natural pesticides are more ideal to use. Natural pesticides are more efficient to use because they are easier to make. Natural materials that are bountiful in the country...

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Investigatory Project

...I. INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study Why did you conduct the study? We conducted the Paper Charcoal because it can help our community. We also wanted to use Charcoal because it is more safe than the gas that we ussually use. Papers are made from trees and trees can be replace by charcoal. There are lots of paper that is already used and wasted so we decided if we use it as a charcoal. In our study we also want to know if we can use papers to make charcoal. B. Statement of the Problem 1. What topic/problem did you study? Nowadays there are lots of people who are using gas that is not safe sometimes so we decided if we can use charcoal that is made of paper. The problems that we study is that what if we can use paper as a charcoal? Also can it help some people if we use it? Or it will just effect the pollution? 2. What specific question did your study answer? There are some question that answers our study. First, Is it safe if we used the paper charcoal? Second is that Will it be effective if we used it? And lastly is, Is it cheap and easy to make? C. Significance of the Study 1. Who will benefit from your study? I think our study can benefit everyone here in our community specially to those person who usually use charcoal in cooking. People who are cannot afford gas can benefit. People who has business like the stores that sells "bibingka" etc. 2. How will...

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...Interpretation of results and Deriving of conclusions Powdered milk makes the strongest milk glue because of its high protein content. This is because casein is a protein which is present in milk and gives milk its white colour. It contains all the essential amino acids required by humans, making it of high nutritional value. Casein is also used in the manufacture of adhesives, binders, and other things. It is frequently found in other nondairy cheese substitutes to improve consistency, especially when melted. Casein glue can be used on wood with up to 15% moisture content as well as oily woods. Commercial casein glues contain dried curd casein, lime, sodium salts and fungicide. However, insects, mice, mold and bacteria also love casein glues. Curd is formed as a result of the chemical reaction between casein and lactic acid bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria in milk causes the coagulation of casein and so converts the milk into curd. Curd can also be obtained by coagulating milk with an edible acidic substance, vinegar in this case, and then draining off the liquid portion, which is the whey. During the heating process, the curd is separated from the liquid, which is the whey. The heat helps to speed up the separation process. The curds will then dry to form casein, which also acts as an adhesive. The vinegar is acidic, and so it curdles the solids so they can be separated from the whey, and the baking soda neutralises any acid that remains. From our experiment and the results...

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Investigatory Project

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...Republic of the Philippines Mariano Marcos State University COLLEGE OF TEACHER EDUCATION Laoag City THE UTILIZATION OF TIYESA (Pouteria lucuma) AS MAIN INGREDIENT IN PANCAKES PRECIOUS BALGUNA JEROME PIO CHRISTOPHER TAMBOGON JEAIA ARIGUIN APPLE VILLACENTINO RODELYN COLOMA LEO MARK ULEP Researchers DR. EVA MACUGAY Research Adviser ABSTRACT Title: THE UTILIZATION OF TIYESA (Pouteria lucuma) AS MAIN INGREDIENT IN PANCAKES Researchers: PRECIOUS BALGUNA, JEROME PIO,CHRISTOPHER TAMBOGON, JEAIA ARIGUIN, APPLE VILLACENTINO, RODELYN COLOMA, LEO MARK ULEP Research Adviser: Dr. Eva Macugay University: Mariano Marcos State University - College Of Teacher Education Brgy. 5, Castro Avenue, Laoag City This study was designed to determine the feasibility of tiyesa (Pouteria lucuma) fruit as pancake ingredient. The data on the organoleptic tests like appearance, texture and taste were used. The acceptability test used 5 Points Hedonic scale with corresponding numerical score (Highly acceptable, very acceptable, acceptable, not so acceptable, not acceptable). Thirty (30) respondents were randomly selected at Brgy.10, San Jose and Brgy. 9, Sta. Angela, Laoag City. Results were statistically treated using mean average scores. The formulation made of 25% tiyesa (Pouteria lucuma) + 75% flour was recommended for making pancakes. The product was rated the most preferred in terms of taste, appearance and acceptability. It was recommended that further improvement...

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