...You succinctly described the pros of plea bargaining and its reason for being labeled constitutional. As you note, plea bargaining provides the court system the ability to insure the constitutional right to a speedy trial to defendants. By doing so, prosecutors are able to clear their dockets. Considering the overloaded prosecutorial caseloads and overcrowded prisons, there is no denying that plea bargaining has become a powerful tool wielded by prosecutors and accepted by defense attorneys. Battering outside of court between the prosecution and defense however does not fully insure justice. While plea bargaining in some cold cases may provide the fire needed to close them, too often plea bargaining leaves the victims re-victimized and the...
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...ignorance one would select the best decision that adheres to the two principals of justice. However, the lack of knowledge provided behind the veil of ignorance seems to do more harm than good to the decision maker. For example, if one behind the veil were to choose their economic system for their society; they might have a hard time selecting between a free market or socialized economy based off of simple facts. Though both have been practiced in reality it is not entirely possible to truly understand which competing scenario works the best for all participants given the amount of sample time and other factors that have influenced economics for the past 100 years. Therefore, from a rawlsian perspective one would not know which system provides the better benefits least advantaged. Behind the veil of ignorance one would only know the general facts about the world that they are entering, and even the restriction on the lack of knowledge of one’s personal place with in the system would not do much to solve the problem without more concise data, which is prohibited behind the veil. The lack of specific data handicaps the decision maker behind the veil of ignorance, potentially leading them to selecting the least right decision for their society. Even with reflective equilibrium this would allow decision makers unknowingly break the second principal of justice, thus unraveling his argument, as to truly understand the effects of many policies would take many years to recognize. Rawls’...
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...Mercy is defined as kindness or forgiveness to somebody you have authority over while justice is impartiality in law with sound reasoning. In other words, justice defines what people deserve. However, depending on one’s circumstances, the definitions of these two words could be defined differently to our own favor. Essentially, the problem to be resolved is how mercy and justice can be applied simultaneously. If one were to show mercy, then they would let go of the perpetrator freely, but would this be what the victim deserves? Through the conflict between Antonio and Shylock, “The Merchant of Venice” demonstrates how personal definitions of mercy and justice skew the way a problem between two parties is resolved. The contrasting positions between the Antonio and Shylock reaches its breaking point in the court trial where the once oppressed Shylock decides to refuse Antonio mercy. In public, Antonio, as with the rest of the Christian population, openly mistreat the Jewish people such as Shylock, calling them “dogs” and even spit on them. Moreover, through the bond made between him and Antonio, Shylock loses his daughter, Jessica, to the Christians with Lorenzo stealing her away. Blinded by anger, Shylock seeks revenge and insists on “justice” against the Christians through Antonio by fulfilling the condition of the inhumane bond; by parting with a pound of Antonio’s flesh although this, in reality is unjust. Shylock considers himself right in his position by claiming that...
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...Manpreet Singh Mr. St. Clair ENG4U-Q March 20th 2016 Predestined Fate vs. Random Chance In the story of Oedipus the King, fate and justice are truly envisioned through the higher powers rather than random luck/chance. The idea of fate and justice is quite significant in the play as each character questions their destiny on the basis of it. Oedipus fits a perfect description of this theme as he illustrates the role of a tragic hero. He is considered to be a well-respected and honourable king at the beginning of the play but as the plot progresses, he encounters his downfall and discovers that he in fact took his father’s life, Laius, while sleeping with his own mother, Jocasta. One of the reasons why the characters don’t believe in a higher power is because they feel a doubt of their existence when their wishes aren’t fulfilled. For example when Jocasta says, “O oracles of the Gods, where are you now?” (Sophocles, 1068). When she hears the news about Polybus’ death, she starts doubting the prophecies of god, even though she was praying for her city’s freedom from plague a while ago. Another issue that characters encounter with fate is that they believe it can be reciprocated in some way. In Oedipus’ case, after finding truth about his parentage, he decides to leave Corinth hoping his fate doesn’t come true. But fate and justice being controlled by high powers is caught up to Oedipus and he unknowingly kills his father on his way to Thebes. Oedipus blames for his fate to...
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...With social media and the internet providing so much information to the world, it’s hard to determined when that information is true or not. Many of us just blindly believe what others think and say without ever trying to come up with our own conclusion. Obviously social media and the internet didn’t start it. This concept of just following someone else’s ideas like blind sheep has been around for as long as time. Even with that, people eventually open their eyes to the madness and create and judge on their free will. Reverend Hale is a prime example of this. Prepared to find out if there were really witchcraft afoot, Reverend Hale eventually becomes a man trying to seek the truth and justice. Reverend Hale at first did believe that there was something wrong in Salem. He says, “I cannot tell. If she truly is in the Devil’s grip we may have to rip and tear to get her free” (Miller 1150). He says this because he doesn’t want to jump to conclusions on whether or not Betty is really bewitched. Then later on, Hale says to Tituba “Are you gathering souls for the Devil?” (Miller 1154). He...
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...unanimous verdict to present to the judge. We quickly find out that all of the “evidence,” heard in the courtroom seems to be pointing squarely at the boy being guilty; and most of the jurors are happy to take the evidence at first glance clearly indicating the boy as the murderer. However it is when juror #8 protests: “that the jury should at least review the evidence,” before, for all intents and purposes, the boy is sentenced to the death penalty, when the men begin to be overcome by their prejudice towards the boy and his lifestyle. While the “villains,” such as juror 3 and juror 10,are quite obviously overwhelmed by their own strong feelings of prejudice; for many of the men it is a general prejudice toward the American Justice System which serves to blind them from the truth. They are supremely confident in the system working correctly every time, that they miss obvious mistakes and loose ends going on throughout the trial. With a few exceptions, it is the faith in the American System which contribute the original overwhelming feeling of prejudice in the room, all causing the room to be full with 12 Angry Men. At this time in American life there was a supreme feeling of confidence and ethnocentrism; coming off World War II the nation is rebuilding, all while some racial and societal walls from the past are being broken down like never before. Rarely before in American history had whites and blacks worked as closely together as they had in World War II....
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...Justice and the four concerns Ever since humans have evolved to have created a political system the one in power has an obligation to his people to fulfill their needs. Frankenstein was a creature that was done wrong by his own creator and thus, wreaks havoc upon innocent people because Victor did not want to fulfill his obligation to the Monster. The monster knows what justice is all on his own through solitude and judgement from human society. Comparing himself to Adam, from Adam and Eve and the Devil for not being fulfilled of his request to Victor. Human society on the other hand, has a blurred idea on what justice is. Especially today even, most humans judge on what they see rather than what is inside someone. Which is why we hear the phrase “Don’t judge a book by its cover.” Right away when Victor is done with his experiment he is disgusted with the creature and doesn’t know what he has just brought to this world. It was November when Victor had finally finished his two yearlong experiment spending every minute he had on it. Alas it was all in vain when he completed it. “But now that I had finished, the beauty of the dream vanished, and breathless horror and disgust filled my heart. Unable to endure the aspect of the being I had created, I rushed out of the room and continued a long time traversing my bed-chamber.” (Shelley 83) This is why the Monster starts his rampage, he is never given any love or compassion and was rejected by his own creator, mother/father, a God...
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...drug use such as heroin users. Every year thousands upon thousands of infants are born with impairments and illnesses due to drug abusing mothers. Crime rates go up in neighborhoods infested with drug abusers. “However, this is only a part of the distressing picture of the relationship between narcotic addiction and criminality. For most narcotic addicts, predatory crime (larceny, shoplifting, sneak thievery, burglary, embezzlement, robbery, etc.), is a necessary way of life. “(PLOSCOWE) One important aspect about community policing is its ability to deter the drug trade. Community policing seeks an alternative to arresting individuals with drug charges. The emphasis is placed on the drug user and less on the drug dealer. “The criminal justice approach to regulating drug use in the United States overly burdens the legal and correctional systems, possibly promotes and does not decrease drug-related violent crimes, exacerbates racial inequality, and most importantly, fails to reduce harm and promote the public health.” (Goetz,1995) Community policing can use a great deal of discretion to help solve relevant social problems to crime by the use of formal and informal means. This type of policing also makes an attempt to...
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...is convinced that anyone who truly grasps the idea of utility for all will naturally embrace its precepts (31-32). He nonetheless suggests that nurture and education may be employed to encourage a sense of unity with others, going so far as to mention the potential of “this feeling of unity to be taught as a religion, and the whole force of education, of institutions, and of opinion directed, as it once was in the case of religion, to make every person grow up from infancy surrounded on all sides both by the profession and the practice of it” (33). The fourth chapter, entitled “Of What Sort of Proof the Principle of Utility Is Susceptible,” answers the question with the simple observation that people simply do pursue happiness. Some may also pursue virtue, but even then, it is part of the pursuit of happiness. He concludes, then that “if human nature is so constituted as to desire nothing which is not either a part of happiness...
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...While the notion of lynching is abhorrent to our Christian community , it is clear that certain members of our society have yet to grasp this concept, as seen by the 200 cases of illegal lynching that have occurred in the past decade. We recall the Thirteenth Amendment having abolished slavery in 1865, however it is obvious that many in the White community still view us Black men as unworthy of justice in a court of law. Despite the efforts of the brilliant lawyer Mr. Atticus Finch to present a convincing case, Mr Robinson was still unjustly convicted. Unfortunately, the twelve jurors, all White and by no means “a jury of his peers” ensured that Robinson’s sentence was not one that was justified by his actions, but rather one that was “deserved” by his skin colour. Disgraceful. In light of this injustice, we are reminded of the nine black teenagers who, all but one, were convicted and sentenced to death in 1931, Scottsboro, Alabama. Similarities are seen in the way that, despite an overwhelming lack of concrete evidence against the individuals in question, these men faced a real threat of lynching during the trial. They were eventually...
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...Introduction This document covers the ethical leadership traits and self-evaluation of ethical leadership based on ethical leadership inventory. A1. Ethical leadership traits In following section, I have covered some of the ethical leadership traits of Mr. Kenneth Chennault, Chairman and CEO of American Express. Kenneth began his career in American Express as a consultant and promoted to the top position in corporate ladder as CEO and Chairman, with his constant ethical leadership practices. According to interview published by Collis, C (2014), Kenneth articulated below key career incidences which really shaped his career as ethical leader and helped him promoted to the top position in American Express. Integrity and Trust: Integrity is the fundamental and key principle of ethical leadership. As per Kenneth, integrity means consistency of words and action and to build the trust in people leader needs to exhibit consistency of word and action. Kenneth was able to build the trust in 150 year old, bureaucratic organization by consistently delivering on what he promised and able to motivate people for bigger vision in the interest of the company. Vison: After assuming CEO position, Kenneth articulated clear and galvanizing vision for American Express. In 1980, he turned around the merchandize business process by supplying and distributing it through mails. He expressed and convinced his vision for more flexible and sustainable delivery process to key departments in American...
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...that are law breaking citizens will get punished for the crimes they commit. They have faith in America’s criminal justice system that those individuals will get arrested, arraigned, provided a fair trial, and found guilty. They believe that if that individual is found guilty, then they must have committed the crime. However, the reality is sometimes the law abiding citizen is found guilty. An error occurs at some point in the criminal justice process from arrest to the verdict, which puts an innocent individual behind bars. It is a serious injustice towards that individual whether the error was an oversight, mistake, or just plain malicious. It raises questions whether our society can have faith in America’s criminal justice system. In Tested: How Twelve Wrongly Imprisoned Men Held Onto Hope, Dorothy Budd writes about twelve men that were wrongly convicted. Billy Smith and Johnnie Lindsey have stories to tell and what they have to say is important for everyone to hear. Billy Smith and Johnnie Lindsey were falsely imprisoned for around 20 years. They were both convicted of a sexual assault offense. What amazed me the most is although two decades or more of their lives were taken away from them, they were both content with what happened to them. Neither of them had hatred or anger towards the criminal justice system. Smith says, “America has the best justice system in the world.” I applaud them on keeping their faith and hope alive, even though the worst had happened to them...
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...Gender and Family CJS/240 October 12, 2014 Professor Deanna Beaubouef How does gender affect delinquency? There are a lot of theories that explain how gender plays a major role in delinquency. Early theories have stated that females were victims of genetic disorders and males were more aggressive. The earlier theories also stated that any female showing are aggressive, they are more likely than boys to hide their behavior from adults; girls who “bully “others are less likely than boys to admit their behavior. Male like to have power, freedom and hang with their friends and females are more verbally proficient, a skill that may help them deal with conflict without resorting to violence. When children internalize gender-specific behaviors cognitive and personality differences are magnified. Females have more self-control over emotions then men, a factor that can cause someone to commit a crime out emotions in steading thinking clearly. What are some current explanations for gender differences? The Socialization difference states that differences in the way females and males are socialized affect their development. Males are taught to be on their own and females are taught to value relationships. This method of teaching makes females susceptible to feeling alienated because of the failure to achieve relational success. As for boys they may feel a chronic sense of alienation. The cognitive differences between males and females start early in childhood. Males are...
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...Child 44 by Tom Rob Smith, Leo Demidov is an agent of the government agency MGB, working to “take care of” those suspected of committing crimes. He constantly avoids allowing his conscience to affect his job or the things that he does, until one day children start turning up dead. The government tries to cover it up, silencing the families of the children and twisting facts to make their deaths look coincidental. Still, though, he tries to look away from these discrepancies, that is, until he is sent to arrest and torture a man that he knows to be innocent, and then he must spy on his own wife, Raisa. In a way, a mix of fear, compassion, and a sense of justice all compelled him to run away and begin to search for the truth. Fear...
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...Daniel Vicinanzo Plato’s Republic: A Guide to Education The Republic of Plato is a dialogue in which Plato’s teacher Socrates outlines his ideal city. The dialogue first sets out to answer one very important question: what is justice? The story begins with Socrates in the presence of several people, both friends and enemies, to whom he poses the question, ‘What is justice?’ Socrates then goes on to strike down every theory proposed and offers no definition of his own. This brings about the discussion of the ideal city. During this discussion, it is decided that the citizens of the city will be divided into three classes: the auxiliaries, the producers, and the guardians. The guardians are to be a class of citizens above the rest. They will be the defenders and rulers of the city and, therefore, must be the best of the best. This essay will summarize the education that Socrates advocates for the guardians of his city, and then discuss analyze the education of the guardian class in relation to that of Socrates’ own Socratic method to see if Socrates truly believes in the city he is creating. The first mention of the guardians’ education comes after Glaucon wishes to make the city far more luxurious, as he has begun having too much fun making up his own city and cannot imagine his ideal city as austere as the one Socrates has been describing. When Socrates begins adding some of these...
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