...Euromonitor International Analysis Back To Results Apparel and Footwear in the US Industry Overview | 15 May 2015 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY US apparel and footwear market continues to rebound Sales of apparel and footwear in the US continue to rebound, driven mainly by a combination of advances in digital innovation and dynamic growth in sportswear, which witnessed the highest current value growth of 8% in 2014. With the continued improvement of the US economy, Americans are more willing to spend on discretionary apparel such as swimwear as well as apparel accessories. Consumers remain the ultimate beneficiaries as they continued to bargain hunt and shop around to find the best deals in 2014. Men’s apparel and footwear gains increasing momentum American men continue to dress up and this led to new excitement and a flurry of activity in categories including men’s outerwear, hosiery, apparel accessories and footwear. A variety of brands ranging from luxury goods label Burberry, sportswear label Lululemon and mass fashion brand Zara are opening separate menswear units, while major department stores are revamping their men’s partners departments. Men’s jeans, men’s footwear and menswear all outperformed their women’s counterparts for the most part throughout the review period. Under Armour emerges as the ‘rock star’ apparel brand Performance apparel company Under Armour garnered the highest current value growth across apparel and footwear categories in 2014, including womenswear...
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...The Textile Apparel & Clothing Industry in India Market Research 2009 Market Research on Textile Clothing & Apparels Prepared for Italian Trade Commission, Trade Promotion Section of the Consulate General of Italy Mumbai By ACE GLOBAL PRIVATE LIMITED NEW DELHI, INDIA Table of Contents 1. Introduction................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Objectives ................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Coverage ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Methodology ............................................................................................................... 2 Secondary Research ...................................................................................................... 2 Primary Survey .............................................................................................................. 2 1.4 Draft Report ................................................................................................................ 3 2. Market Characteristics................................................................................................... 4 2.1 Market Size ................................................................................................................. 4 2...
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...Market research clothing in China While Asia, particularly China, has enjoyed a dominant position in shoes, apparel and household textiles manufacturing for several years, makers of these items located in developed nations such as the U.S. and Canada have suffered a long period of decline. For example, over 98% of the shoes sold in America each year are imports, and the majority of these imports come from Asia. To consumers in Europe and North America, this growing reliance on Asia as a low-cost producer has meant very low retail prices for goods of reasonable quality. However, recent increases in the value of the Chinese currency, combined with rapidly rising labor costs, have put Chinese manufacturers in a much less competitive position. Competition from very low-cost nations in Africa as well as Vietnam, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, Malaysia, Cambodia, Bangladesh, Pakistan, the Philippines and elsewhere is intense, and a large portion of apparel manufacturing formerly done in China is moving to these areas at a rapid pace. For example, Vietnam’s apparel exports to the U.S. jumped to $7.1 billion in 2012 from $6.6 billion a year earlier. China’s apparel exports to the U.S. were $29.0 billion in 2012, down slightly from 2011’s $29.3 billion. While China continues to have a robust apparel manufacturing industry, it is moving up the industrial chain by fostering manufacturing that requires greater skills, better technology and more investment in advanced...
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...OPPORTUNITIES IN THE GLOBAL MARKETPLACE. (Under the direction of Dr. Nancy Cassill and Dr. William Oxenham). The purpose of this research was to analyze how a niche strategy can be used by US textile and apparel companies to compete with lower priced imports. With the increasing globalization of the industry, it has been suggested that companies focus on products that offer a competitive advantage over commodity products (Standard and Poor’s, 2003). One way of doing this is to focus on specialized, or niche, products. The conceptual models used in this study provided a framework for specialization within trade. The trade theories examined were 1) Ricardo’s Comparative Advantage Theory (Ricardo, 1817), 2) Heckscher-Ohlin Trade Theory of Factor Proportions (Heckscher & Ohlin, 1991), 3) Posner’s Technology Trade Gap Theory (Posner, 1961), 4) Vernon’s Theory of the Product Life Cycle of Trade (Vernon, 1966), and 5) Porter’s Model of Competitive Advantage (Porter, 1998). Each of these trade theories predicts specialization as a result of trade. This means that as trade barriers decrease, a country’s resources will focus on those processes in which it has a competitive advantage. For the US textile and apparel industry, this means moving away from basic textile items used in apparel production, such as basic fabrics, and moving towards more focused and specialty products, which includes niche products. The methodology used in this study consisted of two phases. Phase I used a deductive...
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...ACADEMIC PAPERa Longitudinal patterns of comparative advantage in the textile complex – part 1 An aggregate perspective Peter Kilduff and Ting Chi Department of Consumer, Apparel and Retail Studies, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina, USA Abstract Purpose – This paper seeks to present a preliminary investigation into long-term patterns of trade specialization among leading textile- and apparel-exporting nations, assessing patterns of comparative advantage across the textile machinery, man-made fiber, textile and apparel sectors of the textile complex to determine whether these conform with both trade specialization and industry evolution theories. A model of evolutionary change in intra-complex specialization is defined and evaluated. Design/methodology/approach – A revealed comparative advantage index is employed to evaluate international competitiveness for 30 nations over a 42-year period. With repeated measures, ANOVA is used, to determine the significance of the observed patterns across five income-defined groups of nations. Findings – Long-term patterns of specialization broadly reflect expectations of factor proportions theory and industry evolution models. Product and income group characteristics combine to influence comparative advantage. Higher income nations generally remain stronger in more capital-intensive sectors, while lower income countries have emerged to dominate labor-intensive sectors. However, inclusion of a more...
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...with only some of the materials coming from China. The cost of raw materials and manufacturing domestically have become too expensive, so Narcissus needs look outside of the USA. Narcissus is aware of other creators of designer apparel that have gotten bad press for using the “Made in the USA” label because the brands only make a portion each piece of their apparel in the USA. The purpose of this memorandum is to examine the possibility of bringing to the USA neighbor by working with “Maquiladora”, the Spanish word for manufacturer, in Mexico. Aspects of US law, international legal implications, as well as the ethical implications of moving this portion of the company to Mexico are the primary focus areas of research. Domestic Legal and Ethical Implications: Narcissus Denim was founded and gained success because of the quality of the product, in great part because the apparel is “made in the USA”. In order to create a portion of the product in Mexico and keep the “made in the USA” label, Narcissus Denim must ensure at least a portion of jeans be manufactured in the United States. The Federal Trade Commission is the governing body and requires certain standards be met. These standards are also monitored by the commission, “The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is charged with preventing deception and unfairness in the marketplace. The FTC Act gives the Commission the power to bring law enforcement...
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...[pic] 1. PROPONENTS Government Sector • Center for International Trade Expositions and Missions (CITEM) • Garments Textile Industry Development Office (GTIDO) • Product Development and Design Center of the Philippines (PDDCP) • Philippine Textile Research Institute (PTRI) • Fiber Industry Development Authority (FIDA) Non-Government Sectors • Confederation of Garment Exporters in the Philippines (CONGEP) • Garment Business Association of the Philippines (GBAP) • Fashion Design Council of the Philippines (FDCP) • Textile Millers Association of the Philippines (TMAP) • Fashion Designers Association of the Philippines (FDAP) • Uniform Manufacturers and Designers Association (UNIMODA) • Cebu Garments Association (CBA) 2. Background • The Philippine garment industry lost significance in the country over the years, but still plays an important role in the economy, especially in regard to employment and export. Behind the dominating electronics products, clothing represents one of the main exports of the Philippines at billion-dollar mark per year. • The export-oriented manufacturers are producing especially for those foreign brands which are positioned in the middle or upper segment of the market • Local designer apparel and home grown brands have yet to penetrate the international market • The textile industry, on the other hand, is extremely weak. Almost all of the local garments manufacturers and exporters...
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...overall economy. By explaining what the main objective of the Environmental Goods Agreement is and what the positions of the WTO members, fashion and textile industry officials are, Ellis allowed the readers to conclude if the treaty will or will not benefit the fashion industry and the economy at the end of the day. Ellis explained that what the WTO members are looking for by drafting this treaty, “it is to eliminate certain import taxes on some environmental goods, like fibers, fabrics, yarns and recycle and green apparel.” Even though U.S. textile manufactures believe that the document will only threatened the existence of their almost exclusive business and negatively impact the U.S. economy, the EGA should be consider as a tool that will bring benefits to the environment, profits to apparel retailers and fashion designers, savings to the consumers and balance in the negotiations between farmers and manufactures. U.S. trade representatives and apparel importers undoubtedly believe that by removing tariffs on certain environmental goods, the prices for organic fabrics will significantly decrease and designers will have more organic textiles to choose from. U.S. textiles manufactures have monopolized the organic market for a little more than a decade. “Companies like Monsanto, DuPont/Pioneer Hi-Bred, Syngenta, and Dow Agro Science own 80% of the US corn market and 70% of the soybean business.” Such...
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...NAFTA and the United States Textile Industry When the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) went into effect in 1994, many expressed fears that large job losses in the U.S. textile industry would occur as companies moved production from the United Stares to Mexico. NAFTA opponents argued passion ately, but unsuccessfully, that the treaty should not be adopted because of the negative impact it would have on U.S. employment. A quick glance at the data available 10 years after the passage of NAFTA suggests the critics had a point. Between 1994 and 2004, production of apparel fell by 40 percent and production of textiles by 20 percent and this during a period when overall U.S. demand for apparel grew by almost 60 percent. During the same timeframe, employment in textile mills in the United Stated dropped from 478,000 to 239,000 employment in apparel plummeted from 858,000 to 296,000 while exports of apparel from Mexico to the United States surged from $1.26 billion to $3.84 billon. Such data seem to indicate that the job losses have been due to apparel production migrating from the United States to Mexico. There is anecdotal evidence to support this assertion. For example, in 1995, Fruit of the Loom Inc., the largest manufacturer of underwear in the United States, said it would close six of its domestic plants and cut back operations at two others, laying off about 3,200 workers, or 12 percent of its U.S. workforce. The company announced that the closures were part...
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...WTO: World Trade Organization Objectives of WTO: Objectives of WTO Important objectives of WTO are mentioned below: (i) to implement the new world trade system as visualised in the Agreement; (ii) to promote World Trade in a manner that benefits every country; (iii) to ensure that developing countries secure a better balance in the sharing of the advantages resulting from the expansion of international trade corresponding to their developmental needs; (iv) to demolish all hurdles to an open world trading system and usher in international economic renaissance because the world trade is an effective instrument to foster economic growth; (v) to enhance competitiveness among all trading partners so as to benefit consumers and help in global integration; (vi) to increase the level of production and productivity with a view to ensuring level of employment in the world; (vii) to expand and utilize world resources to the best; (viii) to improve the level of living for the global population and speed up economic development of the member nations. Functions of WTO Functions of WTO The former GATT was not really an organisation; it was merely a legal arrangement. On the other hand, the WTO is a new international organisation set up as a permanent body. It is designed to play the role of a watchdog in the spheres of trade in goods, trade in services, foreign investment, intellectual property rights, etc. Article III has set out the following...
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...(2009) (2nd Edition). The Travels of a T-Shirt in the Global Economy: An Economist Examines the Markets, Powers, and Politics of World Trade. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. The Advantages and Disadvantages of China’s Apparel Manufacturing Industry China leads in the apparel manufacturing industry like the United States leads in cotton production. However, China’s dominance is much different than that of the United States. China is competitive in the apparel manufacturing industry with its quick and cheap labor. However, their low price of production comes at a high price of workers’ quality of life. Thus, China’s dominance has mainly been a disadvantage to workers, yet the hardships within China’s apparel manufacturing industry have surprisingly resulted in advantages. In order to understand the advantages of China’s apparel manufacturing, one must consider the history of China, the workers’ characteristics, and the positive effects of global trade. Historically, China was not expected to dominate the apparel manufacturing industry. Instead, Chinese families worked slowly, yet efficiently to produce and create clothing. However, Britain surpassed the Chinese with the Industrial Revolution. Inventions like the spinning jenny spurred apparel manufacturing. New England slyly acquired Britain’s patented technology and spearheaded apparel manufacturing. Later, the South dominated manufacturing because of slavery and sharecroppers. However, Southern farmers exported to Japan...
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...The Indian textile industry is one of the oldest and most significant industries in the country. It accounts for around 4 per cent of the gross domestic product (GDP), 14 per cent of industrial production and over 13 per cent of the country's total export earnings. In fact, it is the largest foreign exchange earning sector in the country. Moreover, it provides employment to over 35 million people. The Indian textile industry is estimated to be around US$ 52 billion and is likely to reach US$ 115 billion by 2012. The domestic market is likely to increase from US$ 34.6 billion to US$ 60 billion by 2012. It is expected that India's share of exports to the world would also increase from the current 4 per cent to around 7 per cent during this period. Textile industry provides one of the most fundamental necessities of the people. It is an independent industry, from the basic requirement of raw materials to the final products, with huge value-addition at every stage of processing . Infact , it is estimated that one out of every six households in the country directly or indirectly depend on this sector. Here we analyze the sector's dynamics through Porter's five-factor model. 1) Threat of New entrants Indian Textile Industry is very dependent on personal contacts and experience. The new actors would have to bring some kind of client base along with the new establishment. Product differentiation may constitute a barrier of entry as manufacturers are heavily dependent on references...
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...Trade Unions in the RMGs sector of Bangladesh: A Case Study Prepared By MD. Osman Dhali Roll – 51 Session 2009-10 B.B.A. 16th Batch Department of International Business Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka Supervised by Abu Hena Reza Hasan Professor Department of International Business Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka Date of Submission: 05/08/2014 Letter of Transmittal 05 August, 2014 To Department of International Business Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka Subject: Submission of ‘Trade Unions in the RMGs sector of Bangladesh: A Case Study’ Dear Sir/Madam, Here is the paper on ‘Trade Unions in the RMGs sector of Bangladesh: A Case Study’. This has been prepared as a part of B.B.A. program under University of Dhaka. I would be happy if you read the report carefully and I will be trying to answer all the questions that you have about the study. I have tried my level best to complete this study meaningfully and correctly as much as possible. If you need any clarification about any issue of this paper, I will be pleased to assist you. Sincerely, ----------------------------- MD. Osman Dhali Roll – 51 Session 2009-10 (B.B.A. 16th Batch) Department of International Business Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka Table of Contents Executive Summary 1 Chapter 1 3 1.0 Introduction 3 1.1 Introduction 4 1.2 Background of the study 4 1.3 Research Aim and Objectives 5 ...
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...Section B: Welspun India Industry Analysis – Textile Industry on Global Scale The global apparel and fashion trade is expected to grow to USD1 trillion by 2020. However with growth slowing down in developed markets, the dynamics of the global fashion market are expected to change dramatically. Emerging economies will fuel most of the growth in the fashion market. Brazil, Russian, India & China (BRIC) along with few other South-East Asian countries are seen as the major growth drivers. In addition to this, global apparel markets in the recent past have shown a paradigm shift, moving towards increased product differentiation, and catering to a diverse, aware, and demanding customer base. Retailers have thus gravitated toward demographic shifts, societal influences, economic influence, and environmental concerns. With growth in developed economics cooling, retailers are facing pressure due to restricted consumer spending. Under such conditions the global apparel value chain has shown a distinct shift both at the front- and supply-end. Recent Global Trends in Textile Sector * Increase in textiles and clothing global trade from US$ 355 billion in 2000 to US$ 602 billion in 2010 * Expected to reach US$ 1 trillion by 2020, CAGR of 5% pa. * China, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Thailand, Indonesia are leading suppliers and further expanding their capacities. * Established markets (North America, Western Europe) continue to show traction * Emerging markets...
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...H&M TURKIYE IN APPAREL (TURKEY) Euromonitor International November 2011 H&M TURKIYE IN APPAREL (TURKEY) Passport I LIST OF CONTENTS AND TABLES Strategic Direction ........................................................................................................................ 1 Key Facts ..................................................................................................................................... 1 Summary 1 H&M TURKIYE: Key Facts ........................................................................... 1 Company Background .................................................................................................................. 1 Production .................................................................................................................................... 1 Competitive Positioning ................................................................................................................ 1 Internet Strategy ........................................................................................................................... 2 © Euromonitor International H&M TURKIYE IN APPAREL (TURKEY) Passport 1 H&M TURKIYE STRATEGIC DIRECTION This Swedish retailing giant delayed its entrance into the Turkish apparel market until the recession was over, and opened its first outlets in the country in 2010. H&M plans to continue its penetration in the Turkish market by opening a small number of stores...
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