...Specifically, in this paper I will focus on how German nationalism is perceived by comparing and contrasting two short excerpts, one from Richard Wagner, the other from Eduard Hanslick. I will proceed by relating some analysis based on more recent folklorists and musicologists, such as Philip Bohlman, Regina Bendix, Richard Taruskin, and Sanna Pederson, to further conceptualize the idea of nationalism inherent in German values or vice versa. In 1821 Weber’s opera Der Freischutz achieved great success both at home and abroad. It was deemed as the first model of German national opera because of its focus on folks. However, as argued by Taruskin, the opera’s national significance was in part due to its premiere as inaugural musical offering at the newly rebuilt Nationaltheater in Berlin. Thus, it was “the role of reception, alongside or even before the composer's intentions, as a determinant of nationalist significance. It was the nation, not the composer, who made Der Freischutz a national opera” (8). The reception at Nationaltheater presupposed national character of Der Freischutz with or without the composer’s intention of associating it with German nationalism. This prior acceptance by the nation created a supportive environment for more aggressive nationalists to fill the opera with national values....
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...state of the Italian economy, specifically its obvious inability to support military expansion and move into a state of total war, with the aim of creating and developing an Italian Empire, which was Mussolini’s chief aspiration. Furthermore, the weak economy maintained and strengthened the north-south divide, due to its negative effects being focused on the poorer south, while some northern industrialists benefited from the increased focus on production. Therefore, in order to counter the depression and prepare the Italian economy for conflict, Mussolini employed several policies, in order to stimulate the financial system and cut public spending, specifically increasing production and revitalising the Lira. As well as revaluating the inflated currency, these policies included boosting food production and converting to self-sufficiency, or autarky, all the while promoting nationalism and strengthening commitment to the regime. Whether these were a success is debatable, while Italy did convert to total war in 1939, the consequences were far reaching and crippling. Therefore a deep, detailed analysis, of Mussolini’s policies, their aims and effects, is necessary in order to gauge to what degree, if any, his economic policies failed. An example of Mussolini’s economic policy would be the sharp revaluation of the Lira in 1926. The value changed from 150 lira to 90 lira, against the pound, and became known as the Battle for the Lira. Its initial effects were that Italian, exported...
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...Moldenhauer Archives at the Library of Congress | Table of Contents Music History from Primary Sources An Introductory Essay Alfred Mann A vellum leaf, 22 by 17 cm., from a prayer book. The letter forms of early Gothic script suggest the twelfth century, or a period even earlier. Neumes (marked in red) are placed above the first four lines of the Latin text. The entire page is richly illuminated in black, red, and blue, with a heavy gold layer decorating the initial A for the phrase beginning "Adoro te." The leaf was obtained for the Moldenhauer Archives from the music dealer and publishing firm Schneider, Tutzing. The Art of Musical Notation In its primary sources, music merges with the representational arts. Oral tradition has played a fundamental role in all ages, but in its formal sense, history--and the history of music--begins with the visual record. Musical notation, having emerged on a wide scale in all civilizations, produced in itself a highly individual record of artistic endeavor. The medieval monks who compiled the missals and other liturgical books for the service of worship rose from their function as scribes to artists in their own right; among the greatest documents of Baroque art are the holographs by Bach; and an entirely novel phase in artistic musical score design was initiated in the twentieth century. The primary sources of music reproduced in this volume rely on various aspects of the graphic arts, but foremost among them stands the representation...
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...Tim Chang Music 261: Professor Kasunic The Blinding of a Rivalry Both Cuzzoni and Faustina were superstars of their era with many similar, yet contrasting characteristics. Francesca Cuzzoni was born on April 2, 1696 in Parma, Italy. She started her career at 18 in Italy and continued to strive from that point on in various parts of Europe. In 1722, the established composer, George Frideric Handel, recruited Cuzzoni to be the star of his Royal Academy of Music. She eventually joined Handel in England in 1723. Faustina Bordoni was born on March 30, 1697 in Venice, Italy. She, like Cuzzoni, made her debut in her hometown at the age of 19 and continued to flourish in this career. While Cuzzoni moved to London to work with Handel in 1723, Faustina continued to thrive in Italy. It was not until 1726 when Handel drew Faustina over to London to “rival” Cuzzoni in the Royal Academy of Music. Think of these two stars of Handel as the Britney and Christina of the 1720’s. The Academy is where most the media about their rivalry is expressed. Scholars such as Isabelle Emerson, Winton Dean, Steven LaRue and Suzanne Aspden have various viewpoints on Handel’s contribution to this rivalry. Emerson, writing in 2005 in her research of Five Centuries of Women Singers, argues that Cuzzoni and Faustina, though rivals, relied on each other for success. Emerson writes that, “rivalry aside, the two artists must have complemented each other remarkable well as singers. Contemporary...
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...fill it the needed area with different colors. Please follow the example below. (Check the pictures of the composers and their hometowns in all the units.) Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Music Page 1 MUSIC LEARNER’S MATERIAL GRADE 9 Unit 1 Time allotment: 8 hours LEARNING AREA STANDARD The learner demonstrates an understanding of basic concepts and processes in music and art through appreciation, analysis and performance for his/her self-development, celebration of his/her Filipino cultural identity and diversity, and expansion of his/her world vision. key - stage STANDARD The learner demonstrates understanding of salient features of music and art of the Philippines and the world, through appreciation, analysis, and performance, for self-development, the celebration of Filipino cultural identity and diversity, and the expansion of one’s world vision. grade level STANDARD The learner demonstrates understanding of salient features of Western music and the arts from different historical periods, through appreciation, analysis, and performance for self-development, the celebration of Filipino cultural identity and diversity, and the expansion of one’s world vision. CONTENT STANDARD The learner demonstrates...
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...ARTS TEACHERS’ GUIDE Grade 9 ARTS Teacher’s Guide Unit I WESTERN CLASSICAL ART TRADITIONS GRADE 9 Unit 1 ARTS TEACHERS’ GUIDE GRADE 9 Unit 1 WESTERN CLASSICAL ART TRADITIONS LEARNING AREA STANDARD The learner demonstrates an understanding of basic concepts and processes in music and art through appreciation, analysis and performance for his/her self-development, celebration of his/her Filipino cultural identity and diversity, and expansion of his/her world vision. key - stage STANDARD The learner demonstrates understanding of salient features of music and arts of the Philippines and the world, through appreciation, analysis, and performance, for self-development, the celebration of Filipino cultural identity and diversity, and the expansion of one’s world vision. grade level STANDARD The learner demonstrates understanding of salient features of Western music and the arts from different historical periods, through appreciation, analysis, and performance for self-development, the celebration of Filipino cultural identity and diversity, and the expansion of one’s world vision. CONTENT STANDARDs The Learner: demonstrates understanding of art elements and processes by synthesizing and applying prior knowledge and skills demonstrates understanding that the arts are integral to the development of organizations, spiritual belief, historical events, scientific discoveries, natural disasters/ occurrences and other external phenomenon ...
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...was 1927--one did not have to attend classes to be a perfectly proper university student. All one had to do to obtain a university degree was to pay a small annual fee and show up for an exam at the end of four years. *THE FIRST EXPERIENCE* *Taught by Verdi* The work at the export firm was terribly boring, and I learned very little. Work began at 7:30 in the morning and was over at 4 in the afternoon on weekdays and at noon on Saturdays. So I had lots of free time. Once a week I went to the opera. On one of those evenings I went to hear an opera by the great 19th-century Italian composer, Giuseppe Verdi--the last opera he wrote, *Falstaff*. It has now become one of Verdi's most popular operas, but it was rarely performed then. Both singers and audiences thought it too difficult. I was totally overwhelmed by it. Although I had heard a great many operas, I had never heard anything like that. I have never forgotten the impression that evening made on me. When I made a study, I found that this opera, with its gaiety, its zest for life, and...
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...Argentina Introduction Argentina has a population of 33 Million with an ethnic composition of 85 percent European descent, primarily Spanish or Italian. Indians, mestizos (people of mixed Indian and Spanish ancestry), and blacks together make up the remaining 15 percent. The Republic of Argentina is a democracy for now, but has had a long history of military power. Spanish is the official language, although many people speak English, Italian, or other languages. Argentine Spanish is heavily influenced by Italian and is unlike Spanish spoken anywhere in Latin America. Church and state are officially separate, but about 90 percent of the population considers itself Roman Catholic. Jews and Protestants account for 2 percent each. Argentina Fun Fact Argentina is the homeland the 266th Pope of the Catholic Church known as the Bishop of Rome. Jorge Bergoglio, is the first Pope selected from outside Europe in over 100 years and the first from the Americas. He will be known as Pope Francis. The longtime Bishop of Buenos Aires, the new Pope spent the majority of his career at home in Argentina with his roots in the Jesuit Order. As the Cardinal of Buenos Aires, he was known for humility, doctrinal conservatism and a commitment to social justice. Argentina is a country of wide-open pampas and ancient forests, in addition to very sophisticated cities, such as its capital, Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires, has the largest number of Jews in Latin America; they are commonly referred...
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...All summer, the case against Casey Anthony in an Orlando courtroom had audiences discussing her life as if she were the star of a reality television show. The narrative became familiar: Hard-partying single mother fails to report her toddler missing for a month, then lies to police about a kidnapping by a non-existent nanny. Then there was the suspiciously foul smell in the trunk of the mother's car before Caylee Anthony's remains were found in a wooded area. Inside Courtroom 23, however, the seven women and five men of the jury in the Anthony case had to look beyond the salacious details and decide: Was there enough evidence to prove Casey Anthony killed her 2-year-old daughter, Caylee? Their answer was no. On Tuesday, the jury acquitted Anthony, 25, of murdering her child in June 2008. The reason, legal analysts and court watchers said, is that despite the seemingly endless hype surrounding the investigation and trial, the prosecution's case simply didn't hold up. There was no forensic evidence — such as DNA or fingerprints — directly linking Anthony to her daughter's death. In fact, the precise cause of the girl's death was unclear. "The prosecution put out a lot of dots, but they couldn't connect them," says Lawrence Kobilinsky, chairman of the Department of Sciences at John Jay College of Criminal Justice in New York. Kobilinsky had advised Anthony's attorneys on the forensic case against her but was not involved in the trial. After a trial of a month and a half, jurors...
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...Essentials of game theory 1. Introduction Game theory is the study of strategic decision making. More formally, it is "the study of mathematical models of conflict and cooperation between intelligent rational decision-makers."[1] An alternative term suggested "as a more descriptive name for the discipline" is interactive decision theory.[2] Game theory is mainly used in economics, political science, and psychology, as well as logic and biology. The subject first addressed zero-sum games, such that one person's gains exactly equal net losses of the other participant(s). Today, however, game theory applies to a wide range of class relations, and has developed into an umbrella term for the logical side of science, to include both human and non-humans, like computers. Classic uses include a sense of balance in numerous games, where each person has found or developed a tactic that cannot successfully better his results, given the other approach. Modern game theory began with the idea regarding the existence of mixed-strategy equilibria in two-person zero-sum games and its proof by John von Neumann. Von Neumann's original proof used Brouwer's fixed-point theorem on continuous mappings into compact convex sets, which became a standard method in game theory and mathematical economics. His paper was followed by his 1944 book Theory of Games and Economic Behavior, with Oskar Morgenstern, which considered cooperative games of several players. The second edition of this book provided...
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...Key to notes listed a = also approved for Analyzing the Natural World b = also approved for Understanding the Individual and Society c = also approved for Understanding the Past d = also approved for Understanding the Creative Arts e = also approved for Exploring World Cultures f = also approved for Understanding U.S. Society g = Indicated courses specifically designed for those majoring in areas other than science and mathematics h = LAS nonlaboratory courses Anthropology (ANTH) | 102 | Introduction to Archaeology | 4 hourscg | 105 | Human Evolution | 4 hourscg | 218 | Anthropology of Children and Childhood | 3 hoursbh | 238 | Biology of Women Same as GWS 238 | 3 hoursgh | | | | Biological Sciences (BIOS) | 100 | Biology of Cells and Organisms | 5 hours | 101 | Biology of Populations and Communities | 5 hours | 104 | Life Evolving | 5 hoursg | | | | Chemistry (CHEM) | 100 | Chemistry and Life | 5 hoursg | 112 | General College Chemistry I | 5 hours | 114 | General College Chemistry II | 5 hours | 116 | Honors General Chemistry I | 5 hours | 118 | Honors General Chemistry II | 5 hours | 130 | Survey of Organic and Biochemistry | 5 hours | | | | Computer Science (CS) | 100 | Discovering Computer Science | 3 hoursh | | | | Earth and Environmental Sciences (EAES) | 101 | Global Environmental Change | 4 hours | 111 | Earth, Energy, and the Environment | 4 hours | 200 | Field Work in Missouri | 2 hours...
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...Week | Topic | Reading | 1 | Unpacking Assumptions: Introduction to the Module and Each Other | No readings for this week | Additional ReadingByrnes, W, J. (1999) Management and the Arts. Boston: Focal Press.Chong, D. (2002) Arts Management. London: Routledge.Clancy, P. (1994) Managing the Cultural Sector: Essential Competencies for Managers in Arts. Dublin: Oak Tree Press.Drucker, P. (1999) Management Challenges for the 21st Century. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.Fitzgibbon, M. and Kelly, A. (1997) From Maestro to Manager, Critical Issues in Arts and Cultural Management. Dublin: Oak Tree Press.Handy, C. (1998) Understanding Organisations. London: Penguin.Hudson, M. (1999) Managing without Profit: The Art of Managing Third-Sector Organizations. London: Directory of Social Change (DSC). | 2 | From Vision to Mission | Brighton, A (2006) Consumed by the political in Culture Vulture M. Mirza, London: Policy Exchange. Varbanova, L. (2013) Strategic Thinking: Vision, Mission and Objectives in Strategic Management in the Arts, London: Routledge, pp 58-72 | 3 | Money: Financial Management and Fundraising | Glow (2010) Taking a Critical Approach to Arts Management in Asia-Pacific Journal of Arts and Cultural Management, Vol. 7, No. 2, Australia: University of South AustraliaMcRobbie, A. (2001) 'Everyone is Creative': Artists as New Economy Pioneers?, London: openDemocracyBolton, M. and Carrington, D. (2007) New and Alternative Financial Instruments. UK: Mission, Models Money | Additional...
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...22 Carter, C. (2011) “Sex/Gender and the Media: From Sex Roles to Social Construction and Beyond,” in Ross, K. (ed) The Handbook of Gender, Sex and Media, Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell. ISBN-10: 1444338544; 365-82. ISBN-13: 978-1444338546 Sex/Gender and the Media From Sex Roles to Social Construction and Beyond Cynthia Carter Introduction In the early years of second-wave western feminism, many gender researchers and feminist scholars distinguished between the notion of sex, defined as biological differences between male and female, and ‘sex roles,’ referring to certain behaviors and characteristics attributed to each sex that was a social construction. The resulting media research centered on images of women in the media (much less emphasis was placed on men) in order to draw attention to inequities in their portrayal in relation to men (in quantitative terms as well as in terms of the use of stereotypes). Since the 1970s, however, the scope of social constructionism has greatly expanded in feminist theory. Some suggest that the distinction between the biological and the social has, as a result, eroded to such an extent that it is no longer possible to understand the difference, while others question the need for this distinction. For instance, in queer and transgender theory and feminist cultural studies, theorists have sought to make strange the ‘sex/gender’ distinction. The key argument made is that biology is no less a cultural construct than gender socialization into...
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...PEST Analysis as a Tool for Refining and Focusing Contexts for Information Systems Research Guo Chao Alex Peng, Miguel Baptista Nunes Department of Information Studies, University of Sheffield, Regent Court, Sheffield, S1 4DP, UK lip05gcp@sheffield.ac.uk, j.m.nunes@sheffield.ac.uk Abstract It is common for inexperienced researchers and research students to aim at investigating very wide contexts such as countries (e.g. China, India, UK), regions (e.g. the Arab Countries) or even continents (e.g. Africa). Such studies in Information Systems (IS) are not only unrealistic and potentially unfeasible, but may result in findings that are neither significant nor meaningful. Research supervisors often face difficulties in explaining and resolving these common pitfalls in research proposals. This paper proposes the use of Political, Economic, Social and Technological (PEST, also often referred to as STEP) analysis as a tool to identify narrower contexts and focus research questions around feasible and meaningful regional contexts. It illustrates this process with the results of an analysis carried out as part of an ongoing PhD research project. The project aims to investigate the barriers and risks associated with the post-implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems in Chinese companies. PEST analysis was used to define an appropriate region in China (i.e. Guangdong), as well as the type of company to be studied, namely State Owned Enterprises (SOE). This analysis was...
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...1. Executive summary: The main purpose of the following report is to provide information about the profile of The Bolivarian Republican of Venezuela; in order to study the current situation of the country for further investigations in the future that may help to understand the opportunities and risk involve in importing and opening new markets in Venezuela. The analysis includes reviews and an extensive research about: First the geography and global information to introduce the country; second, the History since the arrival of the Spaniards. The Political analysis will be explained as much detailed as possible due to its specifics characteristics in the recent decades with the Hugo Chavez’s government. He report draws special attention in the Social analysis is one of the main issues to be reviewed due to its importance at the time of making any decision. The economic aspect of course will be in consideration with both: the Official’s figures and the international observer’s ones, the graphics will be analyzed. It will be also mentioned the Business environments and the principal sectors to invest or that could be interesting to sell. To support all the information in the report before any conclusion, it will be used THE SWOT tool to demonstrate why Venezuela is an interesting place to import, especially in the last 5 years. It is not just a country of striking natural beauty, which ranges from the snow-capped Andean peaks in the west, through the Amazonian...
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