...This Literature Survey has been submitted by Mr. Anirudh Dhawan ID No: 212142 On Economics-I During the Monsoon Semester 2013 Cost Recovery in the Increasing Block Tariff System in India Introduction The need for imposing a tariff on the consumption of water domestically by households arises for the basic reason of revenue sufficiency. Due to the economic diversity prevalent in the society and diversified and potential inequitable use of the good, this tariff has to be determined keeping in mind the basic principles of equity and fairness and should be made to be economically efficient. Hence, reasonable objectives for an adequate tariff scheme would be all of these three, revenue sufficiency, economic efficiency and equity and fairness. This literature survey would concentrate only on the first aspect, that of revenue sufficiency vis-à-vis imposition of water tariffs. The various single-part tariff systems followed in major cities in India include increasing block tariffs (IBT), uniform water tariff, linear water charge and a pre-determined annual flat rate. The first three are for connections that are for connections that are metered and the last one is for connections that are unmetered. This literature survey seeks to assess whether the tariff system of increasing block tariff is adequate for production cost recovery in the Indian cities that it is being currently implemented and to ascertain the possible reasons for such a deficit, if at all there...
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...of damage every year. How can this be prevented? There are many ideas to alleviate the problem of such flooding such as using rain gardens, grassy swales, and permeable pavement. A rain garden is a planted depression that allows rainwater runoff from impervious urban areas like roofs, driveways, walkways, and compacted lawn areas allowing the storm water runoff to soak into the ground instead of flowing into storm drains. Rain gardens decrease the amount of pollution entering into creeks and streams by 30 percent. Rain gardens are usually located near a drainage pipe or a roof. The benefits of rain gardens are improving the quality of runoff water, provide flood control, encourage wildlife and biodiversity, ties developments and environments together, and are pleasing to the eye. In 1990, Dick Brinker, a developer building a new housing subdivision in Prince George County, Maryland, created the idea to create rain gardens instead of the traditional best management practices (BMP) pond. Brinker contacted Larry Coffman, the county’s Associate Director for Programs and Planning, Department of Environmental Resources with the idea of using rain gardens. Each property contained a 300-400 square foot rain garden. Planting rain gardens instead of creating curbs,...
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...Fast Training-Based Redundant Predictor Elimination Scheme for Intra Coding in H.264/AVC Tseng-Jung Lin, Kuo-Liang Chung, Po-Chun Chang, and Wei-Jen Yang National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan 10672, R. O. C. E-mail: {D9715002, k.l.chung, D9915014, wjyang}@mail.ntust.edu.tw Abstract—Currently, Laroche et al. presented an efficient method to eliminate redundant predictors for intra coding in H.264/AVC. Their proposed method has a bitrate advantage reduction under a low bitrate environment. In this paper, we present a fast training-based redundant predictor elimination scheme to enhance the execution-time performance while preserving similar bitrates. We first develop a new statistic training approach to construct a set of most similar predictor-pairs and determine the priority of each predictor. Based on the constructed predictor-pair set and the determined predictor priorities, we thus can efficiently eliminate the redundant predictors and preserve more frequently used ones, leading to the advantages of bitrate reduction and computation-saving. The results of experiments on the sixteen standard Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) test sequences turn out that under similar bitrates, the average execution-time improvement ratio of the proposed scheme over Laroche et al.’s method can be more than 16.77%. I. I NTRODUCTION H.264/advanced video coding (AVC) [1], [6], [8], [10], established by the Joint Video Team (JVT) of ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts...
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...16 Upon curing they shrink more as compared to amorphous thermoplastics. Examples are polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE) [1]. S. Amin and M. Amin In order to resolve the problem of low thermal and chemical stability of thermoplastic elastomers, dynamic vulcanization techniques were used in late ] plastic. In dynamic vulcanization the thermoplastic and elastomers are both cross-linked and physically mixed together. This gave rise to a second generation of thermoplastic elastomers which had better tensile strength and oil resistance as compared to those formed by physical mixing only [8]. ] ] ] _ were introduced which were made by same dynamic vulcanization process but using natural and butyl rubbers in place of EPR and EPDM. Natural and butyl rubbers have the advantages like low cost, very good over molding properties, reusable and very easily recyclable scrap [9,10]. Butyl rubber based thermoplastic elastomers have excellent adhesion with other thermoplastics hence it is still used to date for many over molding applications [11]. A list of common thermoplastic elastomers used in modern world is given in Table 1. 1.2.2. Amorphous thermoplastics They are usually transparent and have diffused melting point. The molecules are arranged randomly and ] ] _ to crystalline polymers. Upon curing they shrink less as compared to crystalline thermoplastics [3,4]. Examples are polycarbonate (PC), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), polyphenylene oxide (PPO), acrylonitrile...
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...World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology Vol:7 2013-06-25 Optimization Using Simulation of the Vehicle Routing Problem International Science Index Vol:7, No:6, 2013 waset.org/Publication/15351 Nayera E. El-Gharably, Khaled S. El-Kilany, and Aziz E. El-Sayed Keywords—Discrete event system simulation, optimization using simulation, vehicle routing problem. points or require a solution to be found quickly. Computational time on the fastest computers for optimization methods has been too long for many practical problems. Cognitive, heuristic, or combination heuristic-optimization solution procedures have been good alternatives [8]. The aim of this work is threefold; to present a new mathematical formulation of the VRP problem that uses fewer decision variables, to show how to model the TSP problem as a discrete event simulation model, and to employ the developed simulation model in finding the optimum/near optimum solution of the problem. This paper is organized as follows: in Section II, the basic concepts of VRP and the solution techniques found in literature will be briefly discussed. In Section III, proposed problem formulations will be presented followed by the simulation model development and optimization using simulation in sections IV and V. Finally, in section VI, the conclusions drawn from this work are presented. I. INTRODUCTION II. LITERATURE REVIEW HE vehicle routing problem (VRP) is one of the most intensively studied problems in operations research...
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...Dalia Ugarte PA 311- Winter 2015 March 2015 Final Integrative Paper Assignment I’ll start off with a quote from Block and McKnight that we read in The Abundant Community, “it is one who chooses to create the life, the neighborhood, the world from their own gifts and the gifts of others.” Those are the acts of a Citizen in a community.” Now days we don’t go into the true meaning of what is means to be a Citizen in our communities. How many times do we have a conversation with our neighbors? How much time do we actual spend in our respective communities? For parents, do you know your children’s communities at school? What I’m getting to here is how much do we really spend connecting and building relationships within our communities? Like mentioned in Block and McKnight, we have turned into this world of consumers, the power that comes from within the community is diminishing because people are turning to products and services. Throughout this paper I’ll go into some essential elements that build and promote civic engagement. “Citizens create satisfaction by recognizing their individual capacities and skills. We begin to see that the neighborhood is a treasure chest” (Block & McKnight 2010). Citizens find gifts within a community, when we do this we start to realize the potential that lies within out communities. This ties directly with some main points in The Arts and Social Capital article we also read. “Whether visual, musical, dramatic, or literary, the arts allow...
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...I have chosen to use my entire classroom as a learning environment rather than zeroing in on just one center. It is my belief that every center has the ability to teach children. I choose the settings of a classroom for three (3) year olds to four (4) years of age. I have chosen five different centers within the room for the children: Dramatic Play Center, Block Center, Computer Center, Reading Center, and Art Center. This center is too helping the children with all domains and to help them with their developments. The physical domain is best reached in the dramatic play area the children are able to move large muscle groups as well as their small muscle groups and their affective domain. Their hands are cooking, mixing, setting table, or having dinner at the table. The large group has the possibility of use to set the table or change the clothes on the “babies”. The next best to help aid the children is the block area (this you will see in the bottom left corner). The block area has blocks of all textures, shapes, and sizes and sets on a rug with colors of blue, red, green and yellow shapes. While the children learn to use their small group’s muscles, more in this center, their image is boarding by the fact there is also cars and trucks in the area and they can make cities, towns, bridges, or racetracks. A good example of the physical development is when four of the students decided to “cook” dinner one afternoon while playing in the kitchen center. the first little girl...
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...of the Hobbit spoke volumes of his awareness and sensitivity to the new environment. Photo / Supplied The disclaimer "no animal was harmed in the making of this film" has become a standard phrase of popular culture. So accustomed are we to seeing it among films' closing credits, and so material has it become, that it is startling to realise it is a recent innovation. Just over three decades ago, Hollywood was casually ignoring any concerns about animal cruelty in major movies such as Apocalypse Now and Heaven's Gate. In Apocalypse Now, a water buffalo was slaughtered with a machete, and Michael Cimino's flop western included chickens dying in staged cockfights. Such instances were not particularly unusual in the history of film-making. Perhaps 100 horses were, for example, killed during the making of the original Ben Hur in 1926. Customarily, this was justified on the grounds of artistic merit. But the outcry that greeted Heaven's Gate indicated this excuse would no longer suffice in a society increasingly opposed to animal maltreatment. It also ensured there would be international attention, fairly or not, when Sir Peter Jackson was accused of stumbling into the same territory during the filming of The Hobbit. The reaction of Sir Peter to claims by animal wranglers that up to 27 animals died during the shooting of the trilogy spoke volumes of his awareness of, and sensitivity to, the new environment. This was not even a...
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...Events Assignment Omar Patel May 6th, 2014 Scientists Discover Cosmic Factory for Making Building Blocks of Life September, 15, 3013 Zita Martins, Mark C. Price, Nir Goldman, Mark A. Sephton & Mark J. Burchell http://phys.org/news/2013-09-scientists-cosmic-factory-blocks-life.html In the article it states that when icy comets collide into a planet, amino acids are created. These are the building blocks of life and from the amino acids. This means that amino acids can be created anywhere in the world with these conditions. The article also states that a couple of moons of Saturn have the perfect environment for creating amino acids if a comet hits them. The researchers stated that the comets crash into the ground, which create shockwaves that create amino acids. The scientists figured this out by using a special gun that replicates the crash of a comet. This article is related to science/biology because it helps us understand how life first formed on Earth. I think this discovery will benefit everyone around the world equally because a common question usually asked is how the world was created in a scientific sense. Scientists will be very happy with this information because it would help them keep researching for ideas to satisfy peoples questions related to this topic. Sep. 15, 2013 — Scientists have discovered a 'cosmic factory' for producing the building blocks of life, amino acids, in research published today in the journal Nature Geoscience. The team from...
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...Dean Institute of Distance Learning New Library Building Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi, Ghana Phone: +233-51-60013 Fax: +233-51-60014 E-mail: idldean@kvcit.org Web: www.fdlknust.edu.gh i 553 - Management in Organisations Learning Objectives Upon successful completion of this course, learners will be able to: • • • • Explain the basic premises of management and public administration Compare different theories and approaches of organisation Distinguish behavioural patterns, advantages, disadvantages, and dysfunctions of bureaucracies Categorize the different management trends in the work environment. Topics • Introduction to Management and Organisational Behaviour • Individual and Group Behaviour in Organisations • Decision- making and Communications in Organisations • Leadership, Organisational Structure & Environment • Power and Politics • Organisational Culture • Organisational Change • Conflict and Negotiations ii TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Introduction......................................................................................................................... 2 Structure of the Course....................................................................................................... 3 Course Aims and Objectives............................................................................................... 4 Tools for Learning in This...
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...TARCAD: A Template Architecture for Reconfigurable Accelerator Designs Muhammad Shafiq, Miquel Peric` s a Nacho Navarro Eduard Ayguad´ e Computer Sciences Dept. Arquitectura de Computadors Computer Sciences Barcelona Supercomputing Center Universitat Polit` cnica de Catalunya Barcelona Supercomputing Center e Barcelona, Spain Barcelona, Spain Barcelona, Spain {muhammad.shafiq, miquel.pericas}@bsc.es nacho@ac.upc.edu eduard.ayguade@bsc.es Abstract—In the race towards computational efficiency, accelerators are achieving prominence. Among the different types, accelerators built using reconfigurable fabric, such as FPGAs, have a tremendous potential due to the ability to customize the hardware to the application. However, the lack of a standard design methodology hinders the adoption of such devices and makes difficult the portability and reusability across designs. In addition, generation of highly customized circuits does not integrate nicely with high level synthesis tools. In this work, we introduce TARCAD, a template architecture to design reconfigurable accelerators. TARCAD enables high customization in the data management and compute engines while retaining a programming model based on generic programming principles. The template features generality and scalable performance over a range of FPGAs. We describe the template architecture in detail and show how to implement five important scientific kernels: MxM, Acoustic Wave Equation, FFT, SpMV and Smith Waterman. TARCAD is compared...
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...besides the ADTMC (paragraph 18). . Deletes the use of MEDCOM Form 425-R (Internal/External Audit Form for ADTMC). . Provides changes to the narratives that accompany the following algorithms: SORE THROAT, A-1 EAR PAIN/DISCOMFORT/DRAINAGE, A-2 SINUS PROBLEMS/PAIN, A-4 RINGING IN THE EARS (TINNITUS), A-8 EXTREMITY PAIN NOT ASSOCIATED WITH A JOINT, B-3 NAUSEA/VOMITING/DIARRHEA, C-1 RECTAL PAIN/ITCHING/BLEEDING, C-3 CONSTIPATION, C-4 CHEST PAIN, D-2 DIZZINESS/FAINTNESS/BLACKOUT, F- 1 NUMBNESS/TINGLING, F-3 PARALYSIS/WEAKNESS, F-4 FATIGUE, G-1 MEDCOM Pam 40-7-21 FEVER/CHILLS, G-2 ACNE, J-2 SHAVING PROBLEM--PSEUDOFOLLICULITIS BARBAE (PFB) (INGROWN HAIRS), J-3 DANDRUFF (SCALING OF THE SCALP), J-4 HAIR LOSS, J-5 ATHLETE’S FOOT (TINEA PEDIS), J-6 JOCK ITCH (TINEA CRURIS), J-7 SCALING, DEPIGMENTED SPOTS ON THE CHEST, BACK, AND UPPER ARMS (TINEA VERSICOLOR), J-8 FEVER BLISTERS (COLD SORES), J-10 DRUG RASH, J-14 SUNBURN, K-8 . Contains changes in appendix B, List of Medications. . Adds constipation to list of terms defined in the glossary. 2 MEDCOM Pam 40-7-21 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY HEADQUARTERS, UNITED STATES ARMY MEDICAL COMMAND 2050 Worth Road Fort Sam Houston, Texas 78234-6000 MEDCOM Pamphlet No. 40-7-21...
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... Perspectives in Cognitive Neuroscience 1 August 2014 Dear Dr. James, I would like to submit my article entitled, “Recovery from Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury: Case Study-‐Susan” for publication as a review article in the Student Perspective in Cognitive Neuroscience. The article traces traumatic brain injury in an eight-‐year-‐old child with a premorbid Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and challenging family environment. With the aid of Luria’s conceptual approach to brain organisation and function, and Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, we are able to gauge the impact of the trauma on brain function and also the long term effects...
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...(paragraph 18). . Deletes the use of MEDCOM Form 425-R (Internal/External Audit Form for ADTMC). . Provides changes to the narratives that accompany the following algorithms: SORE THROAT, A-1 EAR PAIN/DISCOMFORT/DRAINAGE, A-2 SINUS PROBLEMS/PAIN, A-4 RINGING IN THE EARS (TINNITUS), A-8 EXTREMITY PAIN NOT ASSOCIATED WITH A JOINT, B-3 NAUSEA/VOMITING/DIARRHEA, C-1 RECTAL PAIN/ITCHING/BLEEDING, C-3 CONSTIPATION, C-4 CHEST PAIN, D-2 DIZZINESS/FAINTNESS/BLACKOUT, F- 1 NUMBNESS/TINGLING, F-3 PARALYSIS/WEAKNESS, F-4 FATIGUE, G-1 MEDCOM Pam 40-7-21 FEVER/CHILLS, G-2 ACNE, J-2 SHAVING PROBLEM--PSEUDOFOLLICULITIS BARBAE (PFB) (INGROWN HAIRS), J-3 DANDRUFF (SCALING OF THE SCALP), J-4 HAIR LOSS, J-5 ATHLETE’S FOOT (TINEA PEDIS), J-6 JOCK ITCH (TINEA CRURIS), J-7 SCALING, DEPIGMENTED SPOTS ON THE CHEST, BACK, AND UPPER ARMS (TINEA VERSICOLOR), J-8 FEVER BLISTERS (COLD SORES), J-10 DRUG RASH, J-14 SUNBURN, K-8 . Contains changes in appendix B, List of Medications. . Adds constipation to list of terms defined in the glossary. 2 MEDCOM Pam 40-7-21 DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY HEADQUARTERS, UNITED STATES ARMY MEDICAL COMMAND 2050 Worth Road Fort Sam Houston, Texas...
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...humans from the animal kingdom allowing either collectively or individually the ability to learn and to know a certain reality. An individual one can perceive a situation far from the facts. One’s sensing and memory processes can block logic and influence perception. Teaching oneself the art of critical thinking one can recognize that quiet, tree lined streets may give an illusion of security and normally. Individuals begin at an early age the process of thought and perception, thus, setting the stage for the sensing process and memory. Senses allow humans to experience the world using the entire collective of human sensory perceptions: hearing, seeing, feeling, tasting, and touching. When the senses work in unison with each other delivering information to the brain, in a millisecond the brain attaches implication to the information based on socialization and experience. The sensing process adds to recognition of the stimuli from the external world, and we to react or take an action; at times aiding our survival (Kirby & Goodpaster, 2007). In our childhood, perceptual blockades arise from the way one learns to recognize data from the surrounding environment. One acquires preferences for viewing the world that, under some circumstances, block our judgment and decision-making process. Culture, views, family life, government, laws, religion are ones perceptual...
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