...theoretical model of relations between job design (eg: completeness, demand of responsibility, demand of cooperation, cognitive demand, and learning opportunities) and the reflexivity and learning process within natural group works in industry. The methodology used in this research are based on the detailed task analyses and questionnaires from 40 work groups at the shop-floor level in manufacturing industry in Sweden. From this research, it is found that in a group work, reflexivity and learning processes is strongly affected by job design and work routines. The four dimensions on job design which are completeness, demand of cooperation, cognitive demand and learning opportunities has positively related with reflexivity and learning process. Job design also correlates with social routines and social routines with work routines. 1.0 INTRODUCTION Sweden is a country where the group forms of working in industry is well established and has a strong tendency to emerge in order to reorganize into conventional line-production. The researchers before concluded that work in partly autonomous groups in industry leads to an increase in productivity but this does not convince managers that the investment in group-work is worthwhile. Learning in groups, and related effects such as innovation and work development requires group processes characterized by reflexivity and learning. 2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURES 2.1 Effects of Group Work in Industry Job design, interdependence, group composition...
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...True / False Questions 1. Managers and economists traditionally have seen human resource management as a source of value to their organizations. True False 2. The concept of "human resource management" implies that employees are interchangeable, easily replaced assets that must be managed like any other physical asset. True False 3. Human resources cannot be imitated. True False 4. No two human resource departments will have precisely the same roles and responsibilities. True False 5. Today, greater concern for innovation and quality has shifted the trend in job design to an increased use of narrowly defined jobs. True False 6. An organization makes selection decisions in order to add employees to its workforce, as well as to transfer existing employees to new positions. True False 7. In the context of performance management, when the person evaluating performance is not familiar with the details of the job, outcomes tend to be easier to evaluate than specific behaviors. True False 8. The pay and benefits that employees earn play an important role in motivating them, except when rewards such as bonuses are linked to the individual's or group's achievements. True False 9. Maintaining positive employee relations includes preparing and distributing employee handbooks that detail company policies and, in large organizations, company publications such as a monthly newsletter or...
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...facilities to exist as one. The new organization mission and vision must be defined and communicated. There will also be a need to redesign and redirect nuisances, task, and job performance measures. The merger between Health care Facility A and Health Care Facility B was initiated six months ago. The merger created the Open Health Care Facility. This facility was forced to eliminate jobs because of duplicate positions and job responsibilities. Each health care facility contributed their own area experts in all fields and to align the staff with the budget allocations, staffing was reduced tremendously. There have been changes in the organizational structure, changes and enhancements in processes and production, and changes in the quantity of staff members. The newly structured administration sees a need for a redesign of patient care delivery because of all the changes and enhancements implemented. A suggestion was made to use the universal worker concept. Consider the words universal worker in a health care facility. This could mean that one person is capable of doing all task in every position and department. Can you say “burn out”? Burn out of employees could be one reason why the universal worker model often failed in other organizations. This paper will address an effective method of job redesign, why universal workers will not be effective, and what other work processes and performances must be considered when electing to redesign patient care delivery. In...
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...Management Employee Compensation Managing Diversity in Workplace Analysis Learning Curves Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 8-2 1 Human Resources and Operations Management Natural and technology resources depend on the industry Human resources all companies have human resources Skilled human resources Make the difference between successfully competing or failing Shift toward service sector Advances in information technology Manufacturing work is more technically sophisticated Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 8-3 Human Resources and Total Quality Management Quality Management changed the view about employees from replaceable to valuable resource More than half of Deming’s Deming’ 14 points for quality improvement relate to employees Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award winners have a pervasive human resource focus Copyright 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Employee training and education are recognized as necessary long-term investments Employees have power to make decisions that will improve quality and customer service Strategic goals for quality and customer satisfaction require teamwork and group participation 8-4 2 Changing Nature of Human Resources Management Scientific management breaking down jobs into elemental activities and simplifying job design Jobs comprise a set of tasks, elements, and job motions (basic physical movements) In a piece-rate wage system, pay is...
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...and Culture Case Study Two The basic principle in designing jobs is to create jobs that employees enjoy performing because the job is naturally appealing. There are several ways to which designing jobs can be performed efficiently, pleasant, and enjoyable ("Designing jobs that motivate," nd). There are five important job dimensions, skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback ("Designing jobs that motivate," nd). A learning organization is one where employees continually expand their abilities to create desired results (Smith, 2001). Designing jobs must start with the review of information views. Systems thinking are the theoretical framework which provides information to help understand factors that are involved in change allowing for clearer understanding of how to facilitate the process (Smith, 2001). With organizations facing falling reimbursements and climbing costs for services, they face the hard decision of doing more for less. Process of Job Design The redesign of an organization has several steps. The first step in the organization design process is designing principles that would be applied to certain situations ("Application of principles," nd). The ideas surrounding the first step are skills, abilities, needs, and motivation. The design team will help to formulate an acceptable model of the employee behavior ("Application of principles," nd). Job enlargement is when the number of tasks that an employee performs is...
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...Identifying learning needs (cipd activity 3lna) Patterson Healthcare Lydia Seston Identifying learning needs (cipd activity 3lna) Patterson Healthcare Lydia Seston Undertaking a learning Needs Analysis-3LNA Introduction: A learning need usually exists where there is a gap between current capabilities and desired or required capability. In this report I will Identify and explain 3 learning and development needs and why they may arise in both individuals and groups within organizations. 1) Learning needs * New products and services-this is a future learning need. In an organization, this would be preparing for the introduction of new products and services, and can also be for an individual level or team. * Induction for new starters - this is an individual maintenance need. As an introduction and initiation of a new employees into a company. * Promotion or extra responsibilities, the advancement of an employee within a company position or job task because of an employee’s proactive pursuit of a higher ranking or as a reward by employers for good performance and it is associated with a higher rate of pay. a) Why learning needs may arise * New products and services- Preparing for a significant change to a job role or to take on more responsibility. * Induction of new starter- This need arises when recruiting new employees they would need to learn and accept company policies, their job description and any training necessary to meet the job specification...
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...be the responsibility of human resources management, and this will depend on the organization. During this process the employees would get information on the work hours, benefits, over time pay procedures, and the duties and responsibilities for the position that they will work in. Orientation process the new employees will be given the organization objectives, history, rules, and procedures. Employee training is a learning experience that will help the employee improve job performance. Organizations in the United States spend billions every year on employment training. Employee training will focus on an employee current job and enhance skills perform the job. Employee development will focus on developing the employee for more responsibility and future positions in organization. Some methods used to develop employees or going back to school, learning new jobs, assisting a manager, and on-the-job training. Employment training and development are both important in an organization. This will be the organization the right, people at the right place at the right time. The success of the company depends on this. Employee training is become very important in organizations. Every organization needs training and experience employees to perform jobs. The need for employees to have highly education has increase. Employee training gives an employee a learning experience and will improve the way and employee do a job. Employee training will change the way employee feel about the job, and it...
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...Why Work and Learning in Canada Must Account for Canadian Realities and Management Perspectives Work and learning in Canada is different than work and learning in other countries. Immigration into Canada has produced a very diverse society which translates to a diverse workforce. Canadian realities and management perspectives play a major role in work and learning in Canada. Canada is an expensive country to live in, and it is important for Canadians to graduate from high school and attend college or university thereafter. Learning for Canadians does not stop at college or university graduation. Canadians continue to learn in the work environment. When someone starts a new job, there is a lot of learning that takes place in order for an employee to perform the duties associated with their job. Depending on the role, the learning can take years. New computer software programs are constantly being introduced or changed so employees are challenged to keep up with new programs which ultimately change the way employees perform their roles. In for profit organizations the focus is on profit so if fewer employees can do more with training, then employers are willing to invest in education because education is less expensive than hiring more employees. Incentives may be provided to employees to encourage increased productivity. Many people I’ve spoken with have mentioned how busy they are at work and it is not uncommon for them to be working longer hours to keep up. ...
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...Learning and Development: Assignment Project Title: What can the performance management process offer to learning and development activity within an organisation? Date Due: 02/04/14 Submission Date: 02/04/14 Lecturer: Kevin O’ Leary Declaration of Originality; I / We hereby certify that this material, which I / we now submit for assessment on the module International Business Management, is entirely my/our own work, except where properly referenced. In addition, I / we certify that it has not been submitted in whole or in part for assessment for any academic purpose other than in partial fulfilment for that stated above. Student Name & Number (printed) | Signature | Annie Logue | | What can the performance management process offer to learning and development activity within an organisation? Annie Logue C12519327 02/04/14 Table of Contents * Introduction * Performance Management * Learning and Development * Line Managers/ Responsibilities of Management * Personal Development planning * Conclusion. Introduction The aim of this report, I will critically assess how the performance management process offers to learning and development activity within an organisation. Throughout this report you will gain an outlook on performance management, what it does in the organisation and how is it effective in the organisation. How performance management and learning and development are integrated, what are the responsibilities...
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...DEVELOPMENT Introduction Management development is concerned with improving managers’ performance in their present roles and preparing them for greater responsibilities in the future. In this paper, we are going to discuss the following aspects of management development: * Definition of management development * Its aims * The main management development Process * Methods or Approaches to management development * The responsibility for management development * The benefits and challenges * Application with an emphasis of typical practice in an organization 1.0 DEFINITION: Management development is the process by which managers learn and improve their management skills for accomplishing their jobs and management skills. It’s a structured process by which managers enhance their skills, competencies and knowledge through formal or informal training in order to benefit both the individual and the organization. The development of managers helps to sustain their performance at the highest levels. “Development management is concerned with improving the performance of managers in their present roles and preparing them to take on greater responsibilities in the future..”, (Armstrong, M. 2009) “Mumford and Gold, (2004) describe management development as an attempt to improve managerial effectiveness through a learning process”. It may also be termed as the Aspect of organizational development that covers recruitment and assessment of executive level employees and...
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...DEVELOPMENT AT UCL Contents: 1. Introduction 2. The CPD Context 3. UCL Support 4. Feedback and Appraisal 5. The CPD Cycle and Where to Start 6. Evaluation and Impact 7. Recording Your Learning and Development 8. A CPD Portfolio 9. Conclusion Appendix 1 Approaches to Learning and Development Appendix 2 Tools to Help With Portfolio Development Appendix 3 A Change of Career Appendix 4 Learning Styles Appendix 5 Definitions Appendix 6 Continuing Professional Development Record Appendix 7 Basic Principles of CVs And Applications Appendix 8 Resources 3 CONTINUING PERSONAL AND PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT AT UCL 1. INTRODUCTION PURPOSE: This document is intended to provide staff at UCL with a clear understanding of continuing professional development (CPD), and its importance, within the context of UCL. It is also intended to encourage equality of opportunity by encouraging everyone to plan their development and record their skills. The guide will act as a transportable toolkit to help with the planning and recording of your personal and professional development. It should be used in conjunction with any continuing professional development (CPD) related specifically to your profession or professional registration. The guide also explains why you should record your learning and development, and how to do it. WHAT IS CPD? The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) defines CPD as “the need for individuals to keep up to date with rapidly changing...
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...សាកលវិទ្យាល័យជាតិគ្រប់គ្រង National University of Management Assignment On Are job descriptions always necessary? lecturer: Auy ridelle Group 1. Mr. Kak Bunna, Number: 44501 2. Mr. Touch Sokheng, Number: 31533 3. Mr. Ratt Chak, Number: 44551 4. Mr. Sor Sophal, Number: 44505 5. Mr. Nou Ratana, Number: 44502 Discussion Questions. 1. Apply contingency theory to the practice of job descriptions. How can contingency theory explain the current situation in which some organizations use job descriptions and others choose not to use them? 2. Which contingencies might affect the use of job description? Describe a specific situation that would be favorable for the use of job descriptions. Now describe another situation that would be unfavorable for the effective use of job descriptions. 3. Do you think job description support or hinder the goal of learning organization approach? Group Discussion 1. Contingency theory is a class of behavioral theory that claims that there is no best way to organize a corporation, to lead a company, or to make decisions. Instead, the optimal course of action is contingent (dependent) upon the internal and external situation. Several contingency approaches were developed concurrently in the late 1960s. They suggested that previous theories such as Weber's bureaucracy and Taylor's scientific management had failed because they neglected that management style and organizational structure were influenced by various aspects of the...
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...Case Chapter 14: Coca-Cola What do you think is the most important emerging issue in the design of work? In my opinion, some of the most important issues that are emerging in the design of work are the specific aspects of a job. Telecommuting, alternative work patterns, technostress and skill development are some of these issues. (Cengage Learning, 2010, p. 228) Upon reading the case study for the Coca-Cola Company, I think that they are already addressing the issue of skill development. Coca-Cola appears to be looking for individuals who are motivators, innovators and competent enough to do the job. By implementing the core values and the mission of their company, Coca-Cola seems to have a staff of professionals that have bought into the happiness and optimism of the company. Building the company brand and allowing staff the power of autonomy is an influential factor of empowerment for any organization. This is what makes Coca-Cola so successful. Discuss the most likely organizational design for Coca-Cola Company. The most likely design is having a formal structural dimension with a decentralized decision making authority. The company seems to have a machine bureaucracy structural configuration. It would need to have strong formalization in order to maintain its product line globally at a high quality level. The design would also need to be specialized and standardized in order to decentralize the decision making locally. The vision at Coca-Cola serves as the framework...
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...TRAINING & DEVELOPMENT BY DR HAZEL GACHUNGA TRAINING PROCESS Today companies are taking training seriously due to the deeply held value that successful companies are the ones that take the training of their people seriously. Continuous improvement in process has meant that new technologies are being used and so people need the skills to operate these. Again skills are getting outdated very quickly because requirements are getting stringent and changing by the day. Organizations are facing fierce competition, which is accelerating the pace of change. Flatter organization structures coupled with technology help people to take on more work and greater spans of control. This structure can only be effective if the workforce is highly motivated, trained and educated. Alignment Training must be aligned with a company’s business direction and values. Training philosophy Expresses the degree of importance the company attaches to training. Training philosophy should be based on: 1) Strategic approach to training Takes a long-term view of what skills, knowledge and level of competence employees need. 2) Relevant 3) Problem – based 4) Action – action oriented 5) Continuous development Missions The training philosophy should be guided by the mission of the organization The mission should be communicated to all Example of a Training Department’s...
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...students adjust to new response abilities in school, also it would help to eliminate plagiarism, and learning a fair environment. Using the academic honor code it would eliminate plagiarism in their class or school. “Some may think that copying others easier and it's more common (Kahn)”. “The findings regarding different instructors’ approaches toward academic dishonesty indicate that an intolerant policy will keep dishonest students away, but at a price—it will also detract many honest students (Elliott and Rakovski...
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