...Judith Brandl, Student ID no. 1044912 International Business, 4th Semester SUmmer semester 2016, 11.06.2016 Table of Contents – Cultural Dimensions according to Hofstede 1. The psychologist Hofstede a) Geert Hofstede b) Gert-Jan Hofstede 2. The cultural dimensions a) Social Orientation - Individualism-Collectivism-Index (IDV) b) Power Orientation – Power-Distance-Index (PDI) c) Uncertainty Orientation – Uncertainty-Avoidance-Index (UAI) d) Goal Orientation – Masculinity-Femininity-Index (MAS) e) Time Orientation – Long-Time vs. Short-Time-Orientation-Index (LTO) 3. Examples – Germany, United States, Venezuela 4. Problems and Discrepancies 5. Conclusion 6. Bibliography 1 Cultural dimensions according to Geert Hofstede Classifying and comparing cultures is strongly connected with the name Geert Hofstede. The Dutch social psychologist, as he calls himself, was born in 1928 in Haarlem(Netherlands) as Gerard Hendrik Hofstede. He went to schools until 1945, that was when he completed the Diploma Gymnasium Beta. From 17 on until he was 25 years old, he studied Mechanical Engineering and ended it in 1953 with a Master’s Degree. After two years of military service he started working in managerial jobs until 1965. He completed his Ph.D. in Social Sciences in part time studies. Already during that time, from 1965 until 1971 he founded and managed the Personnel Research Department of IBM. In this time, he developed the theory of...
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...INTRODUCTION The case introduces us to Ken Morikawa and John Sinclair, two employees of a Japanese manufacturing plant under construction in Georgia. John Sinclair, the Personnel Manager, is keen to hire a Japanese professor to “translate their corporate philosophy”. The real question is – Can a corporate philosophy simply be translated? Will it be understood in its depth and entirety when simply converted from Japanese to English? The case does not merely deal with language. It deals with the crux of a company’s philosophy – its culture. In trying to understand how to marry Japanese and American culture in business, both Ken Morikawa and John Sinclair visit Chiba International, a success story in this arena. Before we entail to analyze the methodology used by Chiba International and put forth our recommendations, we will first explain the generic differences between the cultures of Japan and America. CULTURAL ANALYSIS We can analyze the differences between Japanese and American cultures using Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions: Japan Score: 54 A borderline hierarchical society. Business decisions are slow and must be confirmed by each hierarchical layer and then by Top management. Individualism Score: 46 Harmony of group is generally placed above expression of individual opinions. They are considered collectivist by Western standards and individualistic by Asian standards. Masculinity Score: 95 Japan is one of the most masculine societies in the world. There is a strong drive...
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...organizational structure that allows a company to address multiple business dimensions by the help of multiple command structure. If we closely examine this, we can easily find it, as a hybrid of functional and divisional structure. Multinational companies usually practice matrix structure or matrix management system to blend and bring functional and divisional structure under the same umbrella of an organization in order to gain more benefits out of it. But at the same time, it is not so much easy as it looks, but, rather it is very much difficult and challenging job for the top management to carry on operations in a matrix system. We will later in detail discuss the challenges, pros and cons of matrix organizational structure and how to deal with them. The concept of matrix organizational structure evolved in 1960s to meet the needs of the aerospace industry. NASA was the first organization who adopted matrix organization structure for its multiple projects. Government contract selection process required a project-oriented system, which should have a direct link with the top management. In order to fulfill this requirement, a system was established in which a set of horizontal project groups over the traditional vertical project groups were made. When this model was drawn on paper it depicted the shape of a matrix. So thereafter, this system...
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...April Starting in mid-June, the Affton Americans Midget Major Central States Developmental Hockey League (CSDHL) team started the formation of the 2012-2013 hockey team. With a good core of returning players and several prospects, the June minicamp ended and based on the talent pool to pick from, the anticipation of a solid team was on the horizon. Then came the month of August, the final molding of this year’s team was complete and on paper this team looked to have a good chance at doing something special. Like in year’s past, a player’s meeting was conducted between the coaching staff and the players. The players were informed of the expectations the coaches demanded from them and for them as a team to set their goal (s). During the meeting we asked the players for only a few things: 1) Give us your all when we are on the ice 2) Conduct yourselves like mature, responsible young adults 3) Have fun. The players were told this is your season, you set your goals and the coaching staff will set their own goals. When it was all said and done each group had one goal. As coaches the goal is to develop these young men into better hockey players and adults and the players came up with one goal and that was to become National Champions. Hard work, dedication, and commitment to each other is what these boys did from the month of August through April. Some people ask, what does it take to become National Champions? Having been part of a special group of hockey players this past...
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...society lifestyle until the late 1950 s. Most men and women would not have ever slept with another person out of wedlock. While this sexual abstinence lifestyle was in effect, a mentality of independence struck the adolescence of the United States. They felt as though they must engage in sexual activity, just to defy society s view of Premarital Sex Premarital sex, an act that is practiced excessively in the world today, is not all that it is caught up to be. It definitely has more side effects than benefits. ... what was morally right. The reason sexual abstinence is an issue today is because many people claim premarital sex is wrong. People base their opinions on what the Bible has said. When the Bible is used to justify any means of behavior, it usually becomes a moral issue. The main issue at hand is whether premarital sex is classified as morally right or wrong. The Catholic Church claims that premarital sex is wrong and immoral. Premarital Sex Pre-Marital Sex During the twentieth century, premarital sex has become an important issue. Sexual abstinence was the normal society lifestyle until the late 1950 s. Most men and ... Not only does the Catholic Church believe this, so does nearly every other Christian faith. In many other countries, premarital sex is not as huge of an issue as it is here in the US. The basis for this is unsure, but religion and culture seem to play into it largely. In the 1990 s, the teaching of abstinence is beginning to be implemented into the public...
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... | |Ron Riggs, M.A., Sociology 101 | |H00166781 | |October 19, 2011 | A Beautiful Mind is the 2001 movie interpretation of Sylvia Nasar biography about John F. Nash Jr. by film makers Ron Howard, Brian Grazer and screenplay written by Akiva Goldsman. The film is about the true life story of John Forbes Nash Jr. of West Virginia. The movie has succeeded in showing that the very brilliantly minded John Nash can suffer from a debilitating mental disorder such as Paranoid Schizophrenia and still achieve greatness. The reason that I picked this movie was because I had never seen it and a while back a few years ago I heard of this movie which was supposed to be great. Since, this movie is about the life and times of a real person; I will be using three of the five criteria in order to write this...
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...completely opposite effects on the children in each respective neighborhood. The notorious neighborhood of Englewood has a reputation for being a crime infested, violent area. On the contrary, Wicker Park is known for the numerous artist that inhabit the town, as well the art shows and festivals that take place annually and the location’s successful school system. The issue of these poverty stricken locations and their effect on the development of children is a serious issue, and can be fixed by restoring the communities which struggle with this instability, and observing the safer community. These safer environments are home to the big names stated above, and safer settings can help the cognitive and social progression in children, and allow them to grow into the next famous individual. Cognitive and social development is a topic...
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...| | |IBM’s Decade of Transformation: Turnaround to Growth | |Team 5 Case Analysis | | | | | | | |“More importantly, the passion that had come from surviving its ‘near-death experience’ and then riding the wave of what many in the company | |were beginning to call the ‘next big thing’ captured the imagination and focused the energy of a demoralized workforce looking for a reason to| |reengage in building for the future.”—Lou Gerstner | | | | ...
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...on both product attributes and brand values when creating brand strategies. Therefore, we have found it interesting to see how Nike and Adidas communicate their branding strategy differently and have set up the following hypothesis and questions: In Nike and Adidas commercials the organisations make use of complex multimodal choices in order to communicate their branding strategies. 1. Which multimodal choices do Nike and Adidas employ in order to communicate their branding strategies? 2. Which personality traits are similar and different in Nike and Adidas product and value commercials? Due to the complexity of our hypothesis, we will employ three frameworks: social semiotics, film theory, and branding. These frameworks will help us to analyse and make meaning of the four commercials: Nike’s “Master Accuracy. Hit The Target” and “Is talent all it takes?” and Adidas’ “The Spark” and “Chelsea FC – Every Team Needs The 12th Man”. In order to answer the first question, we will analyse the four commercials by applying multimodal concepts and film theory. The multimodal analysis derives from social semiotics and M.A.K. Halliday’s...
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...distinctiveness, representativeness and the authors reputation” (Jon L. Pierce; John W. Newstrom, 2010,p.9). Since we understand what determines the best seller the next question that arises is why the popularity? This is due to Americas thirst for success, management competition, optimistic messages and increased commitment to organizational change (Jon L. Pierce; John W. Newstrom, 2010). Along with the reasons for popularity the authors emphasize that people should follow a guideline for critiquing these management books, the guideline consists of authors credentials, rationale, face validity, target audience, readability/interest, internal validity, reliability/consistency, distinctiveness, objectivity, external validity and practicality (Jon L. Pierce; John W. Newstrom, 2010,p.8-9). The body of the text summarizes management theories from popular authors such as Chris Argyris (Flawed Advice and the Management Trap), Peter Drucker (The Practice of Management), Edwards Deming (Out of the Crisis), and Douglas McGregor (The Human Side of Enterprise and Abraham Maslow (Maslow on Management) Management Theory Highlights The first theory in the summary reading is that of Chris Argyris in (Flawed Advice and the Management Trap). Arygris believes that in the work environment many people accept advice that is “fundamentally flawed” from professionals in which it leads to counter productivity (Jon L. Pierce; John W. Newstrom, 2010). The major focus of his theory falls upon...
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...Canadian International Council Strengthening the Non-Proliferation Regime: The Role of Coercive Sanctions Author(s): T. V. Paul Source: International Journal, Vol. 51, No. 3, Nuclear Politics (Summer, 1996), pp. 440-465 Published by: Canadian International Council Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/40203123 Accessed: 30/11/2010 19:58 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=cic. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Canadian International Councilis collaborating...
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...INTRODUCTION GE Healthcare provides transformational medical technologies and services that are shaping a new age of patient care. Our broad expertise across the cardiology care area helps our customers to deliver better care to more people around the world at a lower cost. In addition, we partner with health care leaders, striving to leverage the global policy change necessary to implement a successful shift to sustainable health care systems. The “healthymagination” vision for the future invites the world to join us on our global journey as we continuously develop innovations focused on reducing costs, increasing access and improving quality and efficiency. Headquartered in the United Kingdom, GE Healthcare is a $17 billion unit of General Electric Company (NYSE: GE). Worldwide, GE Healthcare employs more than 46,000 people committed to serving health care professionals and their patients in more than 100 countries. GE Healthcare’s comprehensive product portfolio provides solutions for all care areas in the field of diagnostic cardiology and patient monitoring. As one of those 46,000 employees, my engineering position engages customers in brining local hospital information systems in communication with GE Healthcare cardiology products through IT infrastructure and HL7 (Health Level Seven) programming language. Organizationally, my contribution serves within the America’s Service organization, with an immediate manager, dotted lines to project managers, and other engineering...
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...The Abrogation of Organized Religion and the Push for Universal Scientific Literacy Since religion was humankind’s first attempt at trying to understand the chaotic world around them, it was therefore the worst attempt. The fact that organized religion still persists in the modern technologically advanced society is so preposterous that it’s almost beyond comprehension how it has managed to, not only survive, but thrive. Organized religion, in all of its various guises, is an antiquated device of manipulation and control; it’s the root cause of nearly all wars, poverty, bigotry, racism, terrorism, and human suffering. It is also the most fundamental hindrance of scientific progress that mankind faces and should therefore be methodically phased out and replaced by atheism, secular humanism, and most of all, an education focused primarily on scientific literacy. What is the Essence of Religion?: It was once an inconceivable act for a human being to question the existence of some sort of a creator god, or gods. People had all the evidence they needed right in front of them: they were conscious and alive, the world was beautiful, coincidences happened which seemed much like prayer being answered, and the earth was encased inside of a celestial sphere while the heavens appeared to revolve directly around the earth, making man the very center of this profound design; it was almost as if the world was created specifically for humans. Thus, organized...
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...Introduction…………………………………..………………………………………………...…3Effects of Proposed Gun Laws…………………………………………..…………………......4-6Recommendations……………………………………………………………………………..7-12Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………….13References………………………………………………………………………...……….....14-15Appendix………………………………………………………………………………………...16 | Smith & Wesson Corporation Business Proposal Addressing Proposed Nationwide Gun Laws Smith & Wesson's motto intends to protect the Second Amendment gun rights from attack. Although the company has been around for nearly two hundred years, it has seen its share of challenges from ownership to financial difficulties. Today, the main concern the Smith & Wesson Corporation is facing is of a legal matter as it relates to the gun laws in the United States. Those laws regulate the sale, possession, and use of firearms and ammunition. Presently, Congress is working towards a new gun law despite the fact that statistics have shown a steady decline in our nation's violence within the last decade. So why is Congress contemplating a new law and what impact will it have on the firearms industry? The purpose of this new law is to strengthen penalties against illegal firearms purchases. While it intends to increase safety, the new law would have a financial impact on gun corporations as it might considerably decrease the number of gun owners, therefore decreasing gun manufacturers' proceeds, leading them to face a multitude of other challenges. For this business report we will focus on...
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...Ethical issues regarding the use of Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports In the history of 20th century sports, specifically in the post World War 2 era, there has been an ever increasing use of performance enhancing drugs in all avenues of sport. Sports have become money making machine for both athletes and big business and the “win at all costs” attitude which has permeated itself into all aspects of professional and college level athletics. Winners make money, losers don’t. The temptation of fame, notoriety and million dollar contracts in all venues of sport is a lure for many athletes. Elite professional athletes are worshiped in today’s society. This paper will elaborate on the use of performance enhancing drugs in the sporting world and the associated sports ethical issues. It is a majority belief in all sporting circles that the “true” spirit of sportsmanship does not allow any aspect of performance enhancing drugs. There are several arguments both in favor and against the use of performance enhancing drugs which will be presented and discussed in this paper. While addressing this ethical issue, we need to define the term ethics. Ethics can be defined as the socially accepted norms and values. These norms and values are varied from society to society and are based on culture and tradition. Ethics also could be defined as the unsaid, un-written and understood laws that prevail in a society. Ethics also cover what is right and what is wrong in society and teaches...
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