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Johnny

In: Science

Submitted By jm030227
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5.1: Identify components of the immune response: Antibodies; T; B cells
Antibodies:
Antibodies are proteins (immunoglobulins) produced and found in plasma cells these plasma cells are the products of activated B cells. Each antibody is specific to the antigen which promotes their synthesis and release. The highly specific antibodies match the antigen it was produced to destroy, the antibodies bind to these antigens which form the antigen-antibody complex, and this complex deactivates the antigen. There are a number of ways antibodies react with antigens:
Neutralisation: Antibodies can join to the binding sites of viruses, or they can immobilize bacterial toxins by coating them. Phagocytes then engulf these complexes.
Agglutination: Antibodies clump together antigens such as bacteria, merging many bacterial cells into a larger and more rigid mass. This mass is then engulfed by phagocytosis.
Antigen-antibody complex http://www.easynotecards.com/print_list/13679?fs=2&dis=1 T cells:
T cells care lymphocytes produced in the bone marrow and then sent to the thymus gland to mature. Once matured they are sent out to the blood, spleen, tonsils and lymph nodes. Each T cell is specific to a particular antigen; they recognise their specific antigen by their surface receptors. Once a T cell recognises an antigen through its surface receptors it is then activated, which begins the proliferation of many cytotoxic T cells (clones specific to antigen). These abundant cloned T cells then move to area of infection releasing chemicals that either- directly kill the infected cell or fuel the activity of phagocytes. T cells are responsible for cell mediated immunity which is directed primarily at microbes that survive in phagocytosis. This immunity protects body against: * Bacteria and viruses inside cells * Protozoa, fungi, flatworms and round worms.

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