...European Exploration of North & South America Juan Ponce de Leon was a Spanish explorer, known for being the first explorer to explore Florida. The oldest European settlement, Puerto Rico, and the Gulf Stream, were both discovered by Ponce de Leon. Most people know of de Leon because of his search for the Fountain of Youth. Juan Ponce de Leon was born in 1460 and died in 1521. He first became an explorer when journeyed with Christopher Columbus on his second voyage to the Americas. Finding gold and other riches, he was sent back by the king after coming back with Columbus. This island was Borinquen, and was appointed a governor of the island. However, in 1511, his rule came to an end because of harsh rule. After being removed from governor,...
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...Juan Ponce De Leon Birds chirping with a wonderful ocean breeze, and the sun shining as bright as can be. I, Juan Ponce De Leon, wake up like this everyday to my beautiful colony. I am the first governor of Puerto Rico, I am favored by the Spanish Crown to be the leader. It all started on August 8, 1508, when I found Caparra which is the first European colony. Before I was the governor, I had fought in a few battles. One of which I was a soldier that fought the war against the Moors in Granada. Upon the war ending I joined the second voyage that was lead by Christopher Columbus, which was a trip to the west indies. After some time passed I became captain. The man who gave me this opportunity was Nicolas de Ovando, who was the governor of Hispaniola. Upon completing the task of beating the indian mutiny, Nicolas rewarded me with the chance of being the governor of the eastern side of Hispaniola, and of course I took the opportunity. A few more years passed and I...
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...Juan Ponce de León was a conquistador born in Spain in 1460. He led a European expedition for gold, which eventually brought him to what is now the United States. He became the first governor of Puerto Rico and also named Florida. Ponce de León was born into a noble family in León, Spain, and served as a page in the royal court of Aragon. Later on in his life, he became a soldier, fighting against the Moors in Granada, Spain. After the war ended, he accompanied Christopher Columbus on the second voyage to the West Indies in 1493. Almost ten years later, he served as a captain in the force commanded by Spain’s royal governor of Hispaniola (presently known as Haiti and the Dominican Republic), Nicolás de Ovando. Ovando rewarded him with the...
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...LANG 901 / NAS 006 North American Cultural Studies Winter semester 2013/14 Class trip to Puerto Rico This paper proposes a class trip to Puerto Rico from the 10th to the 24th of March 2014. The first period in San Juan includes activities revolving around the indigenous Taino culture, e.g. their cuisine, musical instruments and history. Guided tours extend on the history of Puerto Rico as we visit the majestic fortifications by the Spanish settlers. Other activities during the first period are salsa lessons, shopping at the fruit market and adventure tours in the reef and rainforest. The second period begins with a visit to Cappara site, archaeological evidence of the first settlement, and ends with camping at famous east-coast beaches. The third period includes a guided jungle survival tour in El Yunque, a Guánica history tour, a visit to the Art Musuem, scuba diving and wall diving. Celebrations (i.e. shows, concerts, dancing etc.) on the streets conclude the third period with the national holiday Día de la Emancipación where students are going to join in. Special attention is going to be given to the costs and educational activities of the second period to substantiate the claim that the present proposal for a class trip is appropriate and promising. We leave our luggage at the New Island Hostel and walk 2.5 km to the Tren Urbano Sagrado Urazon, the train station, where we buy a day saver ticket for $5 to get to Caparra site. The Spanish settlers made this their...
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...The Calusa Indian By: Candace Rayford 4/22/2012 Hist105 Unit 5 IP 5 Aiu-Online Abstract The term Native American is widely accepted as the “correct” term for the indigenous peoples that were residing in North America when the Europeans first arrived. When the Europeans touched land, they found a thriving population of people. The Europeans categorized those found into separate tribes. There was the Calusa in the Caloosahatchee region, the Mayaimi in Lake Okeechobee Basin (or Belle Glade area) and the Tequesta in the Everglades region. In this reading, I will cover the short existence of the Calusa tribe, also known as, “The Shell People”. The Colusa tribe was originally called “Carlos” meaning “fierce people”. They were descendants of the Paleo Indians who inhabited Southwest Florida, approximately 12,000 years ago. When the Spanish explorers arrived in the 1500s, they were not friendly people and had no interest in missionary activities. Their society was somewhat closed off to others. When the Spanish arrived, there were an estimated 20000 Calusas in Southwest Florida. They were the people of the Caloosahatchee culture. The Calusas inhabited a territory from Charlotte Harbor to Caper Sable. This region was abundant with bears, woolly mammoths, sloths, tortoises, and saber toothed tigers. Hunting these animals was a mainstay until they discovered the waters, which was full of fish. Soon they realized that hunting for these fish took less time and...
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...for many years, Flagler partnered with John D. Rockefeller to form a partnership that later became Standard Oil Corporation, an oil refinery business that expanded to many states. May 18, 1881, Henry’s wife Mary died in New York and two years later he married one of his deceased wife’s nurses, Alice Shourds. Since Henry was busy with the refinery business the couple were not able to honeymoon until the winter time, at which time they visited St. Augustine, Florida. Henry Flagler found the city charming but the hotel facilities and transportation systems not right. Flagler began construction of the 540 room Ponce De Leon hotel by himself, but spent several times his original estimate of $200,000. In order to create a transportation system for his hotel, Flagler purchased short line railroads in what later became known as the Florida East Coast Railway. The Ponce de Leon hotel opened on January 10, 1888 and was an instant success. He also built a railroad bridge across the Saint Johns River to gain access to the southern half of the state and purchased the hotel Ormond just north of Daytona. His personal dedication to the State of Florida was demonstrated when he began construction on his private residence, Kirk Side in St. Augustine. By 1896, Flagler’s railroad, the Florida East Coast Railway reached Biscayne Bay. In 1913, Flagler fell down a flight of marble stairs at White Hall. On May 20th, at the age of 83 Henry Flagler died in Palm Beach due to not having...
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...world might be different. Ponce De Leon was one of these explorers that help change the way we view earth. Who exactly was Ponce de Leon? What did he do in his life, and what was his discovery that deemed him one of history’s notable explorers? I will discuss Ponce de Leon’s background, his journeys and his discoveries. Juan Ponce de Leon was born during the Age of Exploration. Documentation places his birth around 1460 in Santervas De Campos, Spain, but later documentation places it more at 1474. No one is absolutely sure of the exact date of his birth. Ponce de Leon was born of noble parents who taught Ponce how to read and write. As a child he served as a page to Pedro Nunuz de Guzman and delivered messages for the royal court. Once a teenager, he joined the Spanish army and served in military until 1492. In September 1493 Ponce de Leon was one of 112 men that traveled with Christopher Columbus on Christopher’s second trip to the ‘New World’ but he did not return with Christopher Columbus. While on exploration of the island of Hispaniola, now known as Dominican Republic and Haiti, Ponce de Leon survived disease and bad weather. He also endured shortage of food and water to help colonize the new lands. Forcing Indians into slavery. Ponce De Leon spent the early part of the 1500s in Hispaniola. He established farms, distributed land rights, help construct buildings to aid in defense, and worked to set up an island economy. At this time Ponce de Leon married Leonor Domingo...
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...Division are; Mr. Wally A. Sierra-Supervisor, Mrs. Frances Lebrón-Financial Analyzer Depository Sector and Mrs. Nayda Ivonne Marrero-Analyzer, Non Depository Sector. Financial Analysis Responsible Manager: Mr. Wally A. Sierra, Financial Analysis Division. analisisfinanciero@ocif.gobierno.pr Phone.(787)723-3131, Ext-2314, Fax.(787)723-4225. Addres. P.O.Box 11855, San Juan PR. 00910-3855, Ponce de Leon Ave. 1492, Centro Europa Building, suite 600, San Juan PR, 00907 or Ponce de Leon Ave. 1492, Centro Europa Building, suite 600, San Juan PR, 00907 Publication date: August 23, 2012 Next Publication Report: November 23, 2012 and February 23, 2013 To obtain a copy of the Report: Please visit, (1) Our website. Http//www.ocif.gobierno.pr/datos-estadisticas.htm or (2) by request to our addresses above, or (3) by phone or fax, Monday to Friday, 8:00am to 4:30pm. Source: Call Report quarterly submitted by the different sectors to the Office of the Commissioner of Financial Institutions. Legal Mark: Article 10 of Law #4 dated October 11, 1985, as amended, provides faculty to the Commissioner to carry out all sorts of studies and research on issues affecting any branch of the banking, financial and securities industries for which they may require information that could be necessary, relevant and essenctial for such purposes. All Financial Institutions Total Assets Type of Institutions (In Millions) Commercial Banks** International Banks Entities Credits Unions*** Brokers Securities Mortgage...
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...Not long after Columbus set sail for the New World, the French and Spanish brought slaves with them on various expeditions. Slaves accompanied Ponce de Leon to Florida in 1513, for instance. But a far greater proportion of slaves arrived in chains in crowded, sweltering cargo holds. The first dark-skinned slaves in what was to become British North America arrived in Virginia -- perhaps stopping first in Spanish lands -- in 1619 aboard a Dutch vessel. From 1500 to 1900, approximately 12 million Africans were forced from their homes to go westward, with about 10 million of them completing the journey. Yet very few ended up in the British colonies and young American republic. By 1808, when the trans-Atlantic slave trade to the U.S. officially ended, only about 6 percent of African slaves landing in the New World had come to North America. Today, large differences in outcomes among racial and ethnic groups continue to exist in employment, income and wealth, housing, education, criminal justice, health, and other areas. Although many factors may contribute to such differences, their size and extent suggest that various forms of discriminatory treatment persist in U.S. society and serve to undercut the achievement of equal opportunity. When people know that they are discriminated against, they often behave negatively, which then can confirm the original stereotype of the person doing the discriminating. For example, Social Group A thinks that Social Group B frequently engages in theft...
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...Don Juan Ponce de León fue un conquistador español y explorador. Nació alrededor de 1460 en San Tervas de Campos, España. Ponce de León vivió durante una época de grandes descubrimientos y emoción. Ponce de León es bien sabido, la reivindicación y nombrar lo que hoy es la Florida, el descubrimiento de Puerto Rico, y su búsqueda incesante de los clásicos de antaño, la Fuente de la Juventud. El 19 de noviembre 1493 Ponce de León fue uno de los primeros europeos en ver la pequeña isla de Borinquen, el nombre indígena de Puerto Rico. Ponce de León navegó a Puerto Rico en 1506 con 200 hombres a la isla y se enteró de que había ricos yacimientos de oro. Esclavizó a los nativos, y los obligó a la mina de oro para él. Ponce de León dejó Puerto Rico y regresó en 1508 esta vez trajo consigo sólo cincuenta hombres. En este viaje el barco pasó por una terrible tormenta que le hizo correr hacia las rocas en dos ocasiones. La tripulación se vio obligada a lanzar sobre la mayor parte de sus suministros con el fin de mantener el barco se hunda. Después de Ponce de León llegó finalmente a Puerto Rico se convirtió en el gobernador de la isla. Esto le llevó a ser muy rico, y el hombre más poderoso de la isla, que sólo recibieron órdenes del mismo tipo. En 1511 el rey Fernando ordenó a Ponce de León como gobernador reemplazado por Diego Colón. La vida de Ponce de León habría sido difícil si se quedaba en Puerto Rico ya que gran parte de su poder sobre la isla fue tomada cuando su rango se lo...
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...During the Columbian exchange period many explorers and voyagers risked their lives on sailing to new lands around the world. Within their journeys, there were 3 G’s which they looked up to - gold, God, and glory. Each having similar meaning to each voyager, all looking for some type of remembrance. Many believed they must bring their religion beliefs to the people of the America’s, and that God would reward them for doing so. Religion in that time period was very influential to people, and lots of explorers left their own countries to spread their religion to new lands. Columbus noted that many natives were easily persuaded into following the practice of Christianity - which left him looking for more and more Christian followers. In the long term effect, during this time period God was spread; leaving it known in the America’s for years to come. Glory was to be found in the adventure the person endeavor and the land they might claim, making them rich individuals instead of poor sailors. Glory gave the explorer national pride within himself, and as well his country. Glory was the goal of most explorers; people like Ferdinand Magellan and John Cabot sailed for glory. When an explorer had found land he became well known in Europe. When they saw new land they mapped, and named it and believed that they would be remembered for this. Gold was more of rumor back then, amounts past their wildest dreams made men believe they could become rich instantaneously. Explorers took large...
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...GENERAL TYPES OF LITERATURE Literature can generally be divided into two types: prose and poetry. Prose consists of those written within the common flow of conversation in sentences and paragraphs, while poetry refers to those expressions in verse, with measure and rhyme, line and stanza and has a more melodious tone. I. Prose There are many types of prose. These include novels, biographies, short stories, contemporary dramas, legends, fables, essays, anecdotes, news and speeches. 1. Novel. This is a long narrative divided into chapters. The events are taken from true-to-life stories and spans a long period of time. There are many characters involved. 2. Short Story. This is a narrative involving one or more characters, one plot, and one single impression. 3. Plays. This is presented in a stage. It is divided into acts and each act has many scenes. 4. Legends. These are fictitious narratives, usually about origins. 5. Fables. These are fictitious and they deal with animals and inanimate things who speak and act like people and their purpose is to enlighten the minds of children to events that can mold their ways and attitudes. 6. Anecdotes. These are merely products of the writer’s imagination and the main aim is to bring out lessons to the reader. 7. Essay. This expresses the viewpoint or opinion of the writer about a particular problem or event. 8. Biography. This deals with the life of a person which may be about himself, his autobiography...
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...Domingo Lamco who assumed the family surname “ Mercado “ in consonance with the decree of Governor General Narciso Claveria to free all Spanish subjects and their children from prejudices associated with having Chinese surnames. Lamco married a wealthy Chinese mestiza, Ines dela Rosa and from Manila, they moved to Binan and became tenants in the Dominican hacienda which those time large portion of the town were owned by Dominican friars. Rizal’s great grandfather was Francisco Mercado, the son of Domingo and Ines dela Rosa, who married a Chinese mestiza Cirila Bernacha, had a son by the name of Juan Mercado, who married a Chinese mestiza Cirila Alejandrino, serving as Riza’s grandfather. Juan and Cirila had 14 children, one of whom was Francisco Mercado, Rizal’s father who married Teodora Alonzo. Rizal’s father was an erudite man. He took courses in Latin and Philosophy at Colegio de San Jose in Manila. For Rizal, his father was a model father because of his honesty, industry and prudence. Rizal inherited from his father self – respect, serenity and poise, seriousness and a deep sense of dignity. On the other hand, from his mother side, Rizal’s great grandfather was Eugenio Ursua who married a Filipina named Benigna. Their daughter Regina married Manuel Quintos, from Pangasinan, Rizal’s great grandfather. Their daughter Brigida married Lorenzo Alberto Alonzo serving as Rizal’s grandfather. Lorenzo and Brigida had 5 children, one of whom was Teodora Alonzo, Rizal’s mother...
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...PHILIPPINE LITERATURE Philippine literature is the body of works, both oral and written, that Filipinos, whether native, naturalized, or foreign born, have created about the experience of people living in or relating to Philippine society. It is composed or written in any of the Philippine languages, in Spanish and in English, and in Chinese as well. Philippine literature may be produced in the capital city of Manila and in the different urban centers and rural outposts, even in foreign lands where descendants of Filipino migrants use English or any of the languages of the Philippines to create works that tell about their lives and aspirations. The forms used by Filipino authors may be indigenous or borrowed from other cultures, and these may range from popular pieces addressed to mass audiences to highly sophisticated works intended for the intellectual elite. Having gone through two colonial regimes, the Philippines has manifested the cultural influences of the Spanish and American colonial powers in its literary production. Works may be grouped according to the dominant tradition or traditions operative in them. The first grouping belongs to the ethnic tradition, which comprises oral lore identifiably precolonial in provenance and works that circulate within contemporary communities of tribal Filipinos, or among lowland Filipinos that have maintained their links with the culture of their non-Islamic or non-Christian ancestors. The second grouping consists of works that show...
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...THE FIRST FILIPINO Republie of the Philippines Department of Education & Culture NATIONAL HISTORICAL COMMISSION Manila FERDINAND E. MARCOS President Republic of the Philippines JUAN L. MANUEL Secretary of Education & Culture ESTEBAN A. DE OCAMPO Chairman DOMINGO ABELLA Member HORACIO DE LA COSTA, S. J. Member GODOFREDO L. ALCASID Ex-Oficio Member TEODORO A. AGONCILLO Member EMILIO AGUILAR CRUZ Member SERAFIN D. QUIASON Ex-Oficio Member FLORDELIZA K. MILITANTE Exccutive Director RAMON G. CONCEPCION Chief, Administrative Division BELEN V. FORTU Chief, Budget & Fiscal Division JOSE C. DAYRIT Chief, Research & Publications Division AVELINA M. CASTAÑEDA Chief, Special & Commemorative Events Division ROSAURO G. UNTIVERO Historical Researcher & Editor EULOGIO M. LEAÑO Chief Historical Writer-Translator & Publications Officer GENEROSO M. ILANO Auditor JOSE RIZAL (1861-1896) THE FIRST FILIPINO A Biography of José Rizal by LEÓN Ma. GUERRERO with an introduction by CARLOS QUI R INO ( Awarded First Prize in the Rizal Biography Contest held under the auspices of the José Rizal National Centennial Commission in 1961) NATIONAL HISTORICAL COMMISSION Manila 1974 First Printing 1963 Second Printing 1965 Third Printing 1969 Fourth Printing 1971 Fifth Printing 1974 This Book is dedicated by the Author to the other Filipinos Speak of me as I am; nothing extenuate, Nor set down aught in malice, Shakespeare: °the/Lo. Paint my picture truly like me, and not flatter me at all ; but...
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