...Rafaella Rusmigo Erasmus Student MUP 12/7/2015 Kenya Abstract Throughout time, we have seen countries evolve from many different circumstances, most of which circumstances were from colonial exploitation. European colonialism dates back to the age of exploration and the discoveries that were found overseas from the mainland of Europe. The colonists were brutal to the natives called savages, ruthless to the innocent, and exploiters of the native people and their native lands. In Africa, the Europeans had penetrated it in the 1600-1700’s. In the 1800’s the entire continent did not have a single free independent nation state, all of Africa belonged to the Europeans. Kenya was significantly impact by the imperialists. The historical evidence of Kenya’s economy, culture, and social standards comes from the British rule from 1888-1963. The main purpose of this document is to understand the fundamentals of British colonialism and the British conquest in Kenya. Through examining important points in the history of Kenya, we will found out what are the legacies of the colonial period for Kenya and if they are still relevant to the country today. Republic of Kenya Kenya is a country in East Africa with its territory lying on the equator and overlies the East African Rift covering a diverse and expansive terrain that extends roughly from Lake Victoria to Lake Turkana and further south-east to the Indian Ocean. It is bordered by Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west...
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...KENYA GENERAL INFORMATION Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a sovereign state in Africa. Its capital and largest city is Nairobi. Kenya lies on the equator with the Indian Ocean to the south-east, Tanzania to the south, Uganda to the west, South Sudan to the north-west, Ethiopia to the north and Somalia to the north-east. Kenya covers 581,309 km2 (224,445 sq mi) and has a population of about 44 million in July 2012. The country named after Mount Kenya, the second highest mountain in Africa. The country has a warm and humid climate along its Indian Ocean coastline, with wildlife-rich savannah grasslands inland towards the capital. Nairobi has a cool climate that gets colder approaching Mount Kenya, which has three permanently snow-capped peaks. Further inland there is a warm and humid climate around Lake Victoria, and temperate forested and hilly areas in the western region. The northeastern regions along the border with Somalia and Ethiopia are arid and semi-arid areas with near-desert landscapes. Lake Victoria, the world's second largest fresh-water lake and the world's largest tropical lake, is situated to the southwest and is shared with Uganda and Tanzania. Kenya is famous for its safaris and diverse wildlife reserves and national parks such as the East and West Tsavo National Park, the Maasai Mara, Lake Nakuru National Park, and Aberdares National Park. There are several world heritage sites such as Lamu, and world renowned beaches such as Kilifi where international...
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...NATIONALISM IN KENYA Conflict and resentment defined the the colonial experience between the white settlers and native Africans. With Nairobi evolving from a shantytown in the early 1900s into a major urban centre for East Africa, white settlers slowly migrated to the country lured by the prospect of land. They settled in the fertile highlands outside Nairobi, an area later dubbed the "White Highlands." Both the Maasai and the Kikuyu tribes lost large amounts of land to these European settlers. Their resentment grew deeper with each acre lost and the inevitable conflicts would not fully be resolved until independence. Successful large-scale farming depended to a great degree upon an adequate labour force, namely Africans. They, however, did not see any advantage or gain in working for the European encroachers. In response, the colonial authorities introduced hut taxes and other laws that forced the Africans into low-paying wage employment. This marked the introduction of a cash economy into a land dominated by the barter system. World War I provided a hiatus in white settlement but after the war Britain gained possession of this region under the Treaty of Versailles and began a policy of inequitable land distribution that further fuelled growing African resentment. The government offered land in the Kenyan highlands to war veterans at inexpensive prices but only white veterans, not African veterans, could take advantage of this offer. White settlers streamed in and increasing...
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...production facility outside of the United States to produce a variety of consumer products, in Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya. We plan to: * Pointedly expand into the Tanzanian, Ugandan and Kenyan markets to improve profit margins and increase local market share. * Construct a factory in a high potential region * Expand global reach and decrease costs of production in a new facility in these markets. Introduction: Lewis Globalworks Co. Inc. is a producer of a variety of consumer products. Such products include textiles, computers, and auto parts. The company has successfully operated in the United States for the past ten years. With the business boom that is occurring domestically and the desire to improve overall profit margins, the company is planning to build a production facility somewhere outside the U.S. in an attempt to produce at a lower cost. This plan will lay out our goals and tasks to make this potential transition successful and create a profitable outfit. In this write up five major areas of concern will be addressed. These areas are Economic, Cultural, Political, Technological and Legal. All five areas will have significant impact on a decision to build a facility in one of three areas. Our goal is to provide you with an overview of the current environment related to the five areas of concern, in the countries of Tanzania, Uganda, and Kenya. All three countries are located on the eastern coast of Africa and exhibit similar characteristics, with slight variation...
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...Kenya the land of cancer. I look at the Kenyan society today and the best name that comes in my mind is “cancer’’, a deadly disease, if it’s not in the government and its leaders then in the public institutions, like universities, hospitals and the public road infrastructure. The following are the major issues affecting Kenya and at large, the African continent, ‘’ the dark continent indeed’’ 1. Corruption – the common phrase used by the leader is ‘’ it’s our time to eat’’. After elections, the wining team which for a long time will always be from specific community, tries as much as possible to occupy all the appointment positions in the government to ensure that they gain maximally from the national cake ‘’ natural resources’’ for example, Kenya security organs are occupied with one community and at any time they can decide to chair a national security meeting in their own dialect. During the time of grand coalition government from 2007-2012, the office off the prime minister, was composed of one ethnic group, from where the prime minister emanates, in leadership , the system of Kenya doesn’t trust an outsider, i.e., if the president is from kikuyu, then the top positions in the defense force are from his ethnic community. The police force is not left out in this vise, to compensate for their little salaries, they practice bribery along the main Kenya high ways, they allow unworthy vehicles to use the roads at a prize of ksh 100 per tribe. In their recruitment, for...
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...Conducting Business in Kenya February 13, 2015 Abstract As a business consultant for XYZ Medical Group, our mission is to travel to East Africa and build a HIV/AIDS clinic. Our goal is to educate different communities on the importance of safeguarding their health against contracting this disease. XYZ Medical Group has designed a program that has been successful in New York City and Philadelphia. Pursing international endeavors will be challenging when it comes to cultural and business practices. Understanding the different cultures and how to interact to convey the message is crucial. In order to be successful there must be policies and a strategic framework for mobilizing and coordinating resources for the prevention of HIV/AIDS transmission and provision of care and support to the infected and affected people in Kenya. AIDS is an epidemic throughout Africa and Kenya is not excluded. Currently, most people are not educated on the dangers of this disease due to ethnic, cultural, and religious beliefs. The country’s diverse culture, customs and gestures, political imbalance, economic state, and how they conduct business with foreign influences are some issues that will be addressed and solved before entering this venture. Conducting Business in Kenya Kenya or the Republic of Kenya is a newly independent country that gained its independence in 1963 from British colonial rule. Kenya is located in East Africa and is bordered by Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan. Ethiopia...
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...In his book, Facing Mount Kenya, Jomo Kenyatta establishes the history and culture of the Gikuyu society. Articulated from an African perspective, the book demonstrations both the rich culture of the Gikuyu society, and even the threats of European impact over a population of people whose whole lives are centered on social customs and religious ideas. He defends the African customs and troubles the British dominated in Kenya. Certain points are cited throughout his reading with respect to the explanation of Gikuyu society. Oral tradition, family clan, age grouping, marriage, religion and sexuality play a reflective role in the lives of the Gikuyu culture. Kenyatta discovers the British taking advantage of the work-force the Gikuyu provide. He additional states that the British took away their right to religion and has described them as an uncivilized and sluggish society. Kenyatta explains that the British took away their right to religion and has described them as an uncivilized and sluggish society. He states that oral custom is a vital trait that a young child in the Gikuyu culture acquires from his birth. Writing and reading were not ideal abilities since the oral tradition permitted the child to grow and adapt to this type of personality. The child was directed through the teachings of his parents so that one day he or her may be able to carry this tradition to their offspring. Folklore, tribal dances, tribal customs, and farming were all taught orally and through hands-on...
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...Contents ABSTRACT 2 INTRODUCTION 3 The Major Tribes in Kenya 4 Situational Analysis 4 EFFECTS OF TRIBALISM ON SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT 5 Inability to fight corruption 5 Distrust 5 Underdevelopment 6 Suppression of justice 6 Disintegration of interrelation ties 6 EFFECTS OF TRIBALISM ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 8 EFFECTS OF TRIBALISM IN POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT IN KENYA 11 CONCLUSION 13 RECOMMENDATIONS 13 BIBLIOGRAPHY 14 ABSTRACT This report discusses extensively the impact of tribalism on social, economic and political development in Kenya. This has been done by objectively looking at the challenges that these important sectors are facing as a result of the negative ethnicity or tribalism that Kenya is notorious for. In order to put into perspective and to qualify the ideas expressed in this report many historical and contemporary examples have been presented. The report also contains recommendations made by the group with regards to what needs to be done to overcome this problem. INTRODUCTION A tribe is a group of individuals who possess a common ancestry, language, culture and sometimes-geographical area. Kenya boasts of 42 indigenous tribes spread across the country. Tribalism is the selfish use of this commonness to deny or dispossess others who are not of the same tribe of their rights and access to opportunities and resources in society. It is the act of favouring those from one’s tribe be it in social, public or economic decisions and discriminating...
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...Comparing and Contrasting France Verses Kenya awd Introduction Kenya is located approximately on the map as 2N, 38E. (Latitude, Longitude.) Kenya became independent in 1963, and only had three presidents since. The current population is estimated as 30, 339,770. The official language is Swahili. It has a host of cultural practices and beliefs. France is a country in Western Europe. It is famous for its wine and cheese. People in France also enjoy croissants and different kinds of bread but baguette is the most popular. They also like truffles; a black, warty fungus that grow in the roots of oak and hazelnut trees. Truffles are really expensive and they use trained pigs to find them. The study compares these two countries France and Kenya within the setting of International Management practices. Comparing and Contrasting France Verses Kenya Kenya is located in East Africa and borders Somalia to the northeast, Ethiopia to the north, Sudan to the northwest, Uganda to the west, Tanzania to the south, and the Indian Ocean to the east. The country straddles the equator, covering a total of 224,961 square miles (582,600 square kilometers; roughly twice the size of the state of Nevada). Kenya has wide white-sand beaches on the coast. Inland plains cover three-quarters of the country; they are mostly bush, covered in underbrush. In the west are the highlands where the altitude rises from three thousand to ten thousand feet. Nairobi, Kenya's largest city and capital, is...
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...APPLICATION OF CAGE DISTANCE FRAMEWORK - AN ANALYSIS OF KENYA AND RUSSIA SUBMITTED BY: YULIA BEREZINA SUBMITTED TO PROF. DANIELE CERRATO MATHIAS KOSKE DAVIDE NICHETTI VANESSA ZERRATE 11TH FEB. 2015 1 Foreign investment can be particularly challenging. In order get it right, the use of tools and evaluations is critical. In this document, based on the CAGE framework, we analyze distances between Russia and Kenya, and assess how they impact business establishment and operations in the latter. One of the most important things to take into account is the culture. We noticed that the two countries have very distinct and diverse cultural dimensions. They do not have a common language i.e. Russia has Russian as it official language while Kenya has English and Swahili, or have any shared ethnicity despite Russia having 185 and Kenya 42 ethnic groups. Religious disparities are also evident in these two economies. The Russians are largely unbelievers with the Russian Orthodox being the dominant religion whereas Kenyans are largely Christians. Despite these differences, the Muslim population in both countries is significantly represented but their marginalization makes them insignificant on an investment front. Finally, the social norms and values in both countries are quite similar, with the similar concepts of family, societal upbringing and gender roles. When evaluating both countries at the administrative level we encounter that they do not share a...
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...As political temperatures continue to rise, many people remain tightlipped on the choices they have made with regard to presidential contenders. A time has come when Kenyans have to move away from the politics of ethnicity and embrace issue-based approaches. Therefore, it becomes prudent to make choices based on what leaders can offer. In this regard, what they have done comes in handy. This is why my choice for the country’s next president is the Prime Minister, Raila Amolo Odinga. The Prime Minister comes out as a vivid figure of democratic embodiment in Kenya’s quest to be a just society. To start with, it would be foolhardy to believe that there is any leader without flaws. Not even the great minds in the make of Martin Luther King Junior or Mahatma Gandhi could fit such a leadership construction. Therefore, the prime minister is no exception to this reality. However, when the good deeds in humans outweigh their bad elements, they qualify to be part of fabric of good leadership. Does the prime minister belong to this group? The answer to this question is an absolute yes. The prime minister has come out in several occasions as a person we can trust in pursuit of worthy causes. Some people have lambasted him for being a populist. Yet, his actions have always proved otherwise. In the case of Mau Forest restoration, the prime minister had the option of appeasing the Kalenjin community by playing at the whims of populism for the sake of votes. However, he believed that Kenyans...
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...Doing Business in Kenya| Kenyan Social and Business Culture Overview Kenya lies to the east of the African continent and has a coast on the Indian Ocean. The country stradles two of the most famous lakes in Africa - Lake Turkana and Lake Victoria. At its heart is Mount Kenya from which the country takes its name. The Kenyan population is heterogeneous, comprising seven major ethnic groups as well as tens of smaller ones and non-Kenyan communities. There is a religious mix with a Christian majority and Muslim and indigenous religious minorities. Formerly a British colony, Kenya achieved independence in 1963. Understanding the various cultural norms and ethnic and religious groups is essential when doing business in Kenya. Kenyan Culture - Key Concepts and Values Group-relations – Kenyans have strong affiliations to their ethnic group or tribe and sometimes place them in front of the ‘nation’. The family is at the heart of Kenyan life and is given priority over everything else. Several generations will live together in one house with all family members taking care of one another. Absenteeism from work or delays in performing tasks due to family obligations is frequently experienced in Kenya and is viewed as perfectly acceptable. Religion – The majority of the population is Christian (Protestant and Catholic) but there is also a substantial Muslim (Sunni) minority. At the same time Animism and ancestor worship remain widespread. Both Christians and Muslims have managed to incorporate...
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...KENYA WILDLIFE SERVICE Introduction 1.1. Background of Kenya Wildlife Service Kenya Wildlife Service (KWS) is a State Corporation established by the Wildlife (Conservation and Management) Act, CAP 376 and The Wildlife (Conservation and Management) Act no. 16 of 1989. They provide for the establishment of national parks and national reserves and define how they are to be managed. The Environmental Management and Coordination Act (EMCA) of 1999 provides for the legal and administrative co-ordination of the diverse sectoral initiatives, including management and conservation of wildlife so as to improve the national capacity for the management of biodiversity and the environment in general. The operations of the KWS are also impacted and guided by other overarching policy and legal frameworks (e.g. those relating to Forests, Fisheries, Mining, Lands, Water, Industry, Rural Development, Agriculture, Local Government, National Security, National Museums and the research programmes under KEFRI, KEMFRI and KARI) which necessitate structured and functioning relationships with other GOK departments /agencies and the international and local communities. 1.2. The Mandate of the Kenya Wildlife Service The overall mandate of KWS is to conserve and manage wildlife in Kenya with the following: • Sole jurisdiction over National parks • Supervisory role in the management of National Reserves, Local and Private Sanctuaries License, control and supervise all wildlife conservation and...
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...The Human Immune Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) have been identified as a major threat to pastoral communities over East Africa. The regional governments have given little attention to this problem due to the perception that Pastoralisms is economically inefficient and environmentally destructive. The study was carried over Kenya, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Uganda to assess the current state of HIV/AIDS prevalence amongst the pastoral communities using desktop review and expert judgment opinion. In Kenya, about 8million people of Kenyan population depend on pastoralism. In Tanzania the livestock sector contributes about 6.1% to the national Gross Domestic Products (GDP). In Uganda 17% of GDP is accounted for by the sector and about 9% of the national GDP in Ethiopia. In the pastoral districts the average prevalence of HIV/AIDS amongst the community is estimated at 5.7% with this figure expected to increase. The infection rates are being accelerated by factors related to human rights and gender, socio-cultural environment and lack of HIV/AIDS awareness and stigmatization. The HIV/AIDS is not recognized at policy level as a major problem facing Pastoralisms yet the statistics show increasing population of HIV/AIDS victims. The communities refuse to admit the presence and impact of HIV/AIDS within their families with high stigma attached to the affected and infected. The number of livestock has been diminishing through sales to pay the medical expenses...
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...Kenya’s Nairobi Southern Bypass, a 28.6km stretch has become the second road project in East Africa to run into problems. Designed to the Class A International Trunk Road Standard, the route has been targeted by international environmental pressure groups following Tanzania’s Serengeti Highway, which was derailed last year. The US$208 million bypass will link Mombasa Road, near Ole Sereni Hotel, through Nairobi National Park into Kikuyu town, on the Nairobi-Nakuru Highway at Rironi. The bypass is said to be an answer to the capital city’s dilemma of being located in the confluence of an international trunk road that is subjected to heavy transit traffic congestion, which cuts through it for lack of a bypass or ring road, says a report. Two service roads, a 6km Mombasa- Lang’ata road and 2.5km Lang’ata Road-Ngong’ Forest Road will be added to the bypass project. Both service roads have the same cross-section of 0.5m soil shoulder; 2m hard shoulder; 2×3.5m carriageway; +0.5m soil shoulder. The bypass will be dual four-lane carriage ways on 22.5m wide subgrade with a design speed of 80km/hour. China Road and Bridge Construction Corporation (CRBC) has been awarded the engineering procurement and construction contract for the bypass link, which is considered critical in easing transport in Nairobi and to allow the movement of cargo from the port of Mombasa to neighbouring countries of Uganda, Rwanda and Burundi. However, opposition to the project has been mounting...
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