...(Define HRM and roles and responsibilities) • HRM consists of the “people practices” at an organization. The policies, practices and systems that influence employees' behaviour, attitudes, and performance. • HRM process steps: (1) Analyze and design jobs, (2) recruit and select employees, (3) Training and development (prepares employee to carry out their jobs), (4) Performance management to ensure employee output matches organizations goals. • HR departments plan and administer pay and benefits. They perform activities in support of employee and labour relations (communication programs and collective bargaining). This requires establishment of HR policies. • Management relies on HR professionals for compliance with legislation, and support for company strategies (ie; workforce planning and change management. • HRM contributes to company performance. Influencing who is employed and how they work. If well managed, HR can be a competitive advantage by adding to “productivity, profits, and customer satisfaction”. L02 (HRM can support organizational strategies) • HR Professionals (HR P's) should know, and may contribute to development, of company strategy. • HR practices vary depending on type of strategy. Productivity improvements require HR leadership with effective feedback and rewards. When hiring for international operations abroad, they need to consider the differences in business practices. Even small businesses in local markets find that...
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...Hospitality Industry Human Resource Management (HRM) has been placed, at least in terms of prescriptive theory, above all the other primary activities of a business and the importance of HRM to businesses in general has been argued to be central and fundamental in order to better enable their business activities and for the fulfilment of their business objectives. In discussing the Resources, Competences and Strategic Capability of Businesses, Johnson and Scholes (1997, Ch 4, p147), say of HRM - “This is a particularly important area which transcends all primary activities. It is concerned with those activities involved in recruiting, managing, training, developing and rewarding people within the organisation”. Others have found evidence that HRM practices can significantly improve a firms performance and for example Dessler (2000 p18) cites research which claims as much as 30% differences (improvements) in financial performance which were attributed to differences in HR practices in banks. He continues to note a study (p 19) which identifies that in 97 metalwork manufacturing plants “Similar evidence of the HR-Performance link has been found”. Elsewhere, as Redman and Wilkinson, Editors (2001 Ch 1, p10) point out, Strategic Human Resource management (SHRM) theory holds that “an organisation’s human resource assets are potentially the sole source of sustainable competitive advantage” This serves to illustrate that HRM has been placed in a central position in an idealised...
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...nature and complexity of the SHRM debate, and enable them to apply their knowledge and understanding. Introduction to strategic human resouce management This chapter charts the development of strategic human resource management. It assumes a certain familiarity with the evolution of HRM, early HRM models and frameworks and their theoretical underpinning as discussed in Chapter 1. The aim of this chapter is to provide a challenging and critical analysis of the strategic human resource management literature, so that you will be able to understand the synthesis both within and between strategic human resource management and strategic management in its various forms. Since the early 1980s when human resource management arrived on the managerial agenda, there has been considerable debate concerning its nature and its value to organisations. From the seminal works emerging from the Chicago school and the matching model of HRM (Fombrun et al., 1984), the emphasis has very much concerned its strategic role in the organisation. Indeed, the now large literature rarely differentiates between human resource management (HRM) and strategic human resource management (SHRM). Some writers have associated HRM with the strategic aspects and...
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... The company offer a large packet of services to their costumes: standard delivery services, UK next day delivery, international air express, international road express and opportunity to add insurance cover for fragile or valuable items, or to use online booking system where people can send the occasional parcel without opening any kind of account or having a formal arrangement with the company. “The national network is supported by dedicated account management and costumer services team, which benefits our customers by working with a partner who provides a reliable, secure and flexible services. The company vision is to maintain our position as the expert within the UK parcel market” LO1 Understand the different perspectives of human resources management. Explain Guest’s model of HRM Human Resources Management can be define as “the organisational function that deals with recruiting ,managing ,developing and motivating people, including providing functional and specialised support system to foster regulatory compliance with employment and human rights standards” (Strandberg,2009,p2) Guest’s (1987) ideal-type model is used to characterize...
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...Assignment #1 1) Define HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT and outline what HRM does. 2) Briefly discuss the External Environmental Influences on HRM. 3) Outline a brief history of HRM. Discuss the three stages through which HRM has evolved. 4) LIST (!) the main prohibited grounds of discrimination common to all Canadian jurisdictions. Assignment 1 - Answers 1. The book Human Resources Management in Canada briefly defines Human Resources Management (HRM) as “the management of people in organizations”. The Educational Portal, however, offers a more detailed definition of the same subject: “Human Resources Management (HRM) is the process an organization undergoes to manage people in order to achieve goals”. In order to accomplish the aforementioned goals, “HRM involves formulating and implementing HRM systems (such as recruitment, performance appraisal, and compensation) that are aligned with the organization’s strategy to ensure that the workforce has the competencies and behaviours require to achieve the organization’s strategic objectives” (Dessler). In other words, “Human Resources Management includes conducting job analyses, planning personnel needs, recruiting the right people for the job, orienting and training, managing wages and salaries, providing benefits and incentives, evaluating performance, resolving disputes, and communicating with all employees at all levels” (http://www.businessdictionary.com). 2. The external Environmental Influences discussed...
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...Multinationals and their impact on Labour Scene 28 October, 2012 Multinationals and their impact on Labour Scene Table of Contents 1. BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................... 2 2. PRE AND POST LIBERALIZATION ............................................................................................... 3 3. INDIAN LABOUR LAWS ............................................................................................................. 4 4. PRESENT SCENARIO OF LABOUR AND MNCs IN INDIA ........................................................... 8 5. PERCEPTION OF LABOUR ABOUT MNCs ................................................................................ 10 6. RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................................................. 11 7. INTERVIEW WITH INDUSTRY EXPERTS ................................................................................... 13 8. BIBLOGRAPHY.......................................................................................................................... 15 MDI-PGPM-HRM-Term-II Page 1 Multinationals and their impact on Labour Scene BACKGROUND India was predominantly an agricultural economy till Independence in 1947. Even after Independence, the First Five-Year Plan (1951 —56) laid emphasis on agriculture. With the Second FiveYear Plan (1956 — 61) there was a shift towards heavy...
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...The study of International Human Resource Management (IHRM) has focused mainly on the policies, practices and strategies of Human Resource practitioners in individual multinational firms. The goal of this special issue is to move beyond this narrow focus at the enterprise level and situate HRM within wider economic, organizational, political and institutional contexts. HRM differs across countries but to date the comparative literature has tended to focus on cultural issues. Research that systematically analyzes socio-economic, institutional and societal contexts and their impact on HRM remains underdeveloped and there is a significant opportunity for work which draws on theory from adjacent fields - e.g. the varieties of capitalism literature, theories of cross-national organization and research in comparative political studies and economic geography all offer potentially useful frameworks. Companies are socially embedded on different levels; local economies, regional districts, national institutions, international networks and transnational regulation are all aspects of the social, organizational and economic structures in which companies are situated. Despite the all-pervasive talk of globalization, the seasoned international business traveller will be acutely aware of differences in the ‘way of doing things’from country to country and from region to region. Such differences are seldom more apparent than in the field of organization and management. Not only will...
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...Multinationals and Their Impact on Labour Scene in India Multinationals and their impact on Labour Scene 28 October, 2012 Multinationals and their impact on Labour Scene Table of Contents 1. BACKGROUND ........................................................................................................................... 2 2. PRE AND POST LIBERALIZATION ............................................................................................... 3 3. INDIAN LABOUR LAWS ............................................................................................................. 4 4. PRESENT SCENARIO OF LABOUR AND MNCs IN INDIA ........................................................... 8 5. PERCEPTION OF LABOUR ABOUT MNCs ................................................................................ 10 6. RECOMMENDATIONS .............................................................................................................. 11 7. INTERVIEW WITH INDUSTRY EXPERTS ................................................................................... 13 8. BIBLOGRAPHY.......................................................................................................................... 15 MDI-PGPM-HRM-Term-II Page 1 Multinationals and their impact on Labour Scene BACKGROUND India was predominantly an agricultural economy till Independence in 1947. Even after Independence, the First Five-Year Plan (1951 —56) laid emphasis on agriculture. With the Second FiveYear...
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...Human Resource Management 18:1 January 2007 147– 158 HRM practices in Egypt: the influence of national context? Mike Leat and Ghada El-Kot Abstract In this paper we present the findings of a study which collected data on a range of HRM practices normally used in 58 Egyptian organizations operating in Egypt. The range of practices is concerned with job descriptions, recruitment and selection, training and development, compensation, performance appraisal and employment security. We examine and discuss these practices in the Egyptian context. The dimensions of the Egyptian environment which we examine include: the socio-cultural context, Islam, the vocational education and training system and elements of the economic and legal environment. The practices and approaches being used by the sample organizations appear to be the product of both culture bound and culture free influences. The main contributions of the study are that it provides much needed information on the HRM practices and approaches being adopted by Egyptian-owned organizations in the early part of the 21st century and provides support for the influence of national context on the HRM practices pursued by indigenous organizations. Keywords Egypt; HRM practices; Islam; institutional context; culture. Introduction: HRM practices and national context Against a background of the increasing internationalization of business, globalization of markets and cross-national activity by multinational organizations...
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...with the advancement and realization of people stratagems, which are included with company stratagems, and guarantee that the culture, ideals, and formation of the organization, its member commitment, and motivation contribute abundantly to the attainment of the organization’s goals. Personnel and Human Resource Management As per the name, personnel management is labour force centred, majoring mostly on the organization’s workforce; such as recruiting and training employees, ensuring that they are paid, enlightening them on management’s expectations, and explaining management’s actions. HRM, on the other hand, is resource centred, mainly targeting management, concerning devolving the duty of HRM to line managers and management improvement. Despite being a managerial position, personnel management does not fully relate to management interests, since it becomes inefficient due to lack of understanding and articulation of aspirations and the outlooks of the workforce. Personnel Management is mainly an operational utility, whose main function is executing the day-to-day workforce management tasks. Whereas HRM is strategic in function, that is, it is more concerned with facilitating a more competitive edge to...
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...INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANISATION ACT/EMP PUBLICATIONS INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS AND GLOBALIZATION: CHALLENGES FOR EMPLOYERS AND THEIR ORGANIZATIONS Prepared by David Macdonald Senior Industrial Relations Specialist ILO/EASMAT Bangkok Paper presented at the ILO Workshop on Employers' Organizations in Asia-Pacific in the Twenty-First Century Turin, Italy, 5-13 May 1997. [Top] [Next] Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 2. Introduction 3. Industrial Relations (IR) in the Global Context (a) IR - a definition (b) IR and HRM (c) Liberalization, globalization and IR (i) Overview (ii) The relevance of globalization to industrial relations - a summary (iii) The role of multinational corporations (MNC's) (iv) Information technology and IR (v) The impact of other trends (d) The changing nature of IR - a re-definition? 4. IR in Asia and the Pacific (a) The historical context (i) General (ii) Economic development and industrialization (iii) Industrialization and IR policies (iv) IR arrangements - regional divergence (v) Other considerations (b) The current environment (i) Overview 2 (ii) Current responses to liberalization and globalization (iii) Important regional trends 5. Responding to Current and Prospective IR challenges in Asia and the Pacific developing an agenda for employers and their organizations to facilitate transition to the Twenty-first century (a) Overview (b) General issues (i) Achieving competitiveness (ii) Effective IR is a key to improved enterprise performance (iii)...
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...P1.1Explain Guest’s model of HRM: David Guest's (1989, 1997) model of HRM has 6 dimensions of analysis: HRM strategy HRM practices HRM outcomes Behavior outcomes Performance outcomes Financial outcomes The model is prescriptive in the sense that it is based on the assumption that HRM is distinctively different from traditional personnel management (rooted in strategic management, etc.). It is idealistic, implicitly embodying the belief that fundamental elements of the HRM approach (essentially those of the Harvard map) such as commitment have a direct relationship with valued business consequences. However, Guest has acknowledged that the concept of commitment is 'messy' and that the relationship between commitment and high performance is (or, perhaps, was - given the age of this material) difficult to establish. It also employs a 'flow' approach, seeing strategy underpinning practice, leading to a variety of desired outcomes. Like its American predecessors, this UK model is unitarist (tying employee behavior and commitment into the goals of strategic management) and lukewarm on the value of trade unions. The employee relationship is viewed as one between the individual and the organization. P1.2 Compare the differences between Storey’s definitions of HRM, personnel and IR practices: Storey defines HRM as a strategic and coherent approach to the management of an organization’s most valued assets-the people working there who individually and collectively contribute...
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...The HRM Models ← There are a good number of models that have been postulated by various scholars to describe the HRM concept. ← However, as shall be seen these various models either fall under the soft or the hard approach of HRM. The Harvard Model ← The Harvard Model was postulated by Beer et al (1984) at Harvard University. ← The authors of the model also coined it the map of HRM territory. ← The Harvard model acknowledges the existence of multiple stakeholders within the organization. ← These multiple stakeholders include shareholders various groups of employees, government and the community at large. ← The recognition of the legitimacy of these multiple stakeholders renders this model a neo - pluralist model. ← This model emphasizes more on the human/soft side of HRM. ← Basically this is because this model emphasizes more on the fact that employees like any other shareholder are equally important in influencing organizational outcomes. ← In fact the interest of the various groups must be fused and factored in the creation of HRM strategies and ultimately the creation of business strategies. Source : Beer et al (1984 : 16) ← A critical analysis of the model shows that it is deeply rooted in the human relations tradition. ← Employee influence is recognised through people motivation and the development...
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...Case Study Three: Approaches to HRM in the hotel Sector As outlined in Box 3.1, HRM in the hotel sector is strongly influenced by the variability of demand, particularly in those establishments serving the seasonal tourism industry. The hotel sector is also heavily dependant on the external labour market as staff turnover is typically high and, therefore, a ready supply of both skilled and unskilled labour is often required to meet customer demand. This high turnover often results in problems of skills shortages in key operational areas, such as waiting or kitchen staff. However, while the hotel industry context often acts to constrain managers’ choice in HRM strategy, policies and practices, evidence suggests a variety of approaches to the staffing and managing the workforce. The following case studies contrasts the employment practices adopted in two ‘similar’ hotels operating in the same UK city. The Mercury Hotel The Mercury is a franchise establishment of a large US hotel chain. It is 4-star rated and mainly serves the commercial market catering for business clients and hosting conferences and seminars. It has almost 300 guestrooms, is located in the centre of a large UK city and directly employs over 200 members of staff. Two-thirds of employees are employed full-time on 39-hour contracts with working times varying from week to week. Any hours worked beyond this are paid as overtime. The remaining third of employees are part-time (up to 25 hours per week). This...
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...------------------------------------------------- Search RESEARCH AND PRACTICE IN HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT * Volume 3: Issue 1 * Editorial * Regular Papers * Practitioner Focus * Reviews ------------------------------------------------- Highlight, copy & paste to cite: ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- http://rphrm.curtin.edu.au/1995/issue1/banking.html Wilkinson, A., (1995). Towards HRM? A Case Study from Banking, Research and Practice in Human Resource Management, 3(1), 97-115. Towards HRM? A Case Study from Banking Adrian Wilkinson Abstract ------------------------------------------------- HRM has been much talked about and written about in recent years. For some, it heralds a new age where human resource issues at last become significant in the consideration of business strategy, and HRpractitioners at last attain a place in the sun. However, much of the debate has been conducted in purely theoretical terms covering HRM definitions and meanings. But, what is happening on the ground? Are HRMideas changing policies? Are policies translated into...
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